Kindergarten Plant and Animal Environments

Transcription

1 Slide 1 / 212

2 Slide 2 / 212 Kindergarten Plant and Animal Environments

3 Slide 3 / 212 Table of Contents Environment Ecosystem - Transfer of Energy Ecosystem Animals The Wetlands - Plants and Animals Wetland Animals Wetland Plants Wetlands Food Chain People and the Wetlands The Forest - Plants and Animals Forest Environment Survival - Camouflage Forest Environment - Winter Survival Winter Survival - Hibernation Click on the topic to go to that section

4 Slide 4 / 212 Table of Contents (continued) Winter Survival - Migration Forest Animals - Defenses Forest Food Web People in the Forest The Desert - Plants and Animals Desert Water and Survival Desert Animals - Adapting to Heat Desert Homes/Shelter Desert Food Web People in the Desert Click on the topic to go to that section Changes in the Environment

5 Slide 5 / 212 Teacher's Notes About Unit Environment is an area where plants and animals live. Students will learn how plants and animals change their environment. If a plant or animal can find everything it needs to live in a place, we say it has adapted to that place. The animals find food and shelter, and the plants have enough food in the soil and enough water. Some animals change shape or color over a long time, so they can catch food or hide easily. All plants and animals want to thrive (live and grow successfully) in their environment.

6 Slide 6 / 212 Environment Return to Table of Contents

7 Slide 7 / 212 Environment Environment is an area where plants and animals live. The environment includes conditions such as land, water, soil and climate. Environments vary in temperature, moisture, light, and many other factors.

8 Slide 8 / 212 Environment The natural home of a plant or animal is called its habitat. Each habitat is a complex system that provides living things with all they need for survival. Each habitat has its own kind of plants and animals. The plants and animals and their surroundings make a system and they work together to meet needs. Question - What do living things need to survive?

9 Slide 8 (Answer) / 212 Environment The natural home of a plant or animal is called its habitat. Each habitat is a complex system that provides living things with all they need for survival. Teacher Notes Each habitat has its own kind of plants and animals. The plants and animals and their surroundings make a system and they work together to meet needs. Ask questions. Discuss all their ideas. Suggest food, air, and water if students do not mention them. [This object is a teacher notes pull tab] Question - What do living things need to survive?

10 Slide 9 / 212 Environment Needs food water air shelter

11 Slide 9 (Answer) / 212 Environment Needs Teacher Notes Start with dog... ask does a dog need food? If the answer is yes, draw a line from dog to food, then water, and air. Use same procedure with plant and rock. Have them make observations and discuss. Provide activity sheet 1 for students. food water air shelter [This object is a teacher notes pull tab]

12 Slide 10 / 212 Environment - Ecosystem An ecosystem is the community of living things, together with the environment in which they live. We will examine the relationships between the plants, animals, environment, and climate in which they live.

13 Slide 11 / 212 Environment - Animals and Food There is a relationship between animals and what they eat. Animals choose places to live that have the food they need. For example- deer eat buds and leaves so they live in the forest because they can find this food.

14 Slide 12 / 212 Environment - Animals and Food Fish get their oxygen from water and eat small floating bugs. What environment would meet their needs? Owls eat small animals like mice and watch for their meal high in a tree. What environment would meet their needs? Scorpions hide under rocks and can tolerate hot weather and sand. Where could we find scorpions?

15 Slide 12 (Answer) / 212 Environment - Animals and Food Fish get their oxygen from water and eat small floating bugs. What environment would meet their needs? Teacher Notes Owls eat small animals like mice and watch for their meal high in a tree. What environment would meet their needs? tab] Scorpions hide under rocks and can tolerate hot weather and sand. Where could we find scorpions? A fish would live in a lake, stream, or ocean. An owl would live in a forest. A scorpion could live in the desert. Have the children use activity sheet 2 as you discuss this slide. [This object is a teacher notes pull

16 Slide 13 / 212 Environment and Temperature The temperature of an area affects the weather patterns and what can live there. We will learn about what animals do when the temperature changes in their environment.

17 Slide 13 (Answer) / 212 Environment and Temperature The temperature of an area affects the weather patterns and what can live there. Teacher Notes Talk to the students about how weather effects what we do and how we might have to change our plans because of weather. [This object is a teacher notes pull tab] We will learn about what animals do when the temperature changes in their environment.

18 Slide 14 / Environment is an area where plants and animals live. True False

19 Slide 14 (Answer) / Environment is an area where plants and animals live. True False Answer True. [This object is a pull tab]

20 Slide 15 / Animals need food, water, air, and. A money B clothes C shelter

21 Slide 15 (Answer) / Animals need food, water, air, and. A money B clothes C shelter Shelter. Animals need a place Answer that will help keep them safe. [This object is a pull tab]

22 Slide 16 / A deer lives in the forest because it eats buds and leaves. True False

23 Slide 16 (Answer) / A deer lives in the forest because it eats buds and leaves. True False Answer True, animals live in the environment that provides them with the food and shelter they need. [This object is a pull tab]

24 Slide 17 / 212 Ecosystem Transfer of Energy Return to Table of Contents

25 Slide 18 / 212 Ecosystem and Transfer of Energy Animals cannot make their own food so they have to eat to get energy. Some animals eat plants. Some animals eat other animals. Some animals eat both plants and animals. Animals eat to thrive. Thrive means to live and grow successfully.

26 Slide 19 / 212 Ecosystem and Transfer of Energy In the ecosystem there is a transfer of energy. Energy moves from plants to animals. This can be followed through a food chain. There is a transfer of energy from plants to different animals. The owl is the predator of the mouse. Predator is an animal that lives mostly by killing and eating other animals. food chain

27 Slide 19 (Answer) / 212 Ecosystem and Transfer of Energy In the ecosystem there is a transfer of energy. Energy Discuss how mouse eats seeds moves from plants to animals. This can be followed from plants and the owl eats the through a food chain. There is a mouse. transfer of energy from plants to different animals. Teacher Notes The owl is the predator of the mouse. Predator is an animal that lives mostly by killing and tab] eating other animals. [This object is a teacher notes pull food chain

28 Slide 20 / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain Activity 3 Make this mobile to see how the transfer of energy works. Copy the shape of an owl, a mouse, and a piece of grain (or use real seed) onto construction paper. Have students cut out shapes. Need to punch hole at top and bottom of owl's head. Use string to attach mouse at the bottom of owl's head. Glue seed or grain on mouse's stomach. Then attach string at top so mobile can be hung. Lead discussion of how seed grows(plant), mouse eats seed and owl eats mouse.

29 Slide 21 / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain Activity 3 The seed grows on a plant. The mouse eats the seed. The owl eats the mouse. owl seed mouse

30 Slide 22 / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain A leaf, caterpillar, bird, and hawk are all connected. Together they form a food chain. Each is a link in the chain. The caterpillar is prey to the bird. Prey is an animal that is killed or eaten by another animal.

31 Slide 22 (Answer) / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain A leaf, caterpillar, bird, and hawk are all connected. Together they form a food chain. Each is a link in the chain. Teacher Notes The leaf grows, the caterpillar eats the leaf, the bird eats the caterpillar, and finally the hawk eats the small bird. [This object is a teacher notes pull The caterpillar is prey to the tab] bird. Prey is an animal that is killed or eaten by another animal.

32 Slide 23 / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain The plant grows. The caterpillar eats the leaf. The bird eats the caterpillar. The hawk eats the bird. The hawk is at the top of the food chain, because no other animal attacks and eats the hawk. The animal at the top of the food chain is always the last eater.

33 Slide 24 / 212 Ecosystem - Plants All food chains begin with green plants. Green plants can make their own food. All animals depend on green plants for food, even animals that don't eat plants. How is this true? Think about the owl food chain.

34 Slide 24 (Answer) / 212 Ecosystem - Plants All food chains begin with green plants. Green plants can make their own food. All animals depend on green plants for food, even animals that don't eat plants. Teacher Notes The owl was at the end of the food chain. He ate the mouse that ate the plant seed. So that seed is now inside his body. How is this true? [This object is a teacher notes pull tab] Think about the owl food chain.

35 Slide 25 / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain Every time you eat a meal, you become the top of the food chain. We can draw a picture to show this. If you ate an apple, bread, and milk; the chains may look like this. tree apple bread grain

36 Slide 25 (Answer) / 212 Ecosystem - Food Chain Every time you eat a meal, you become the top of the food chain. We can draw a picture to show this. If you ate an apple, bread, and milk; the chains may look like this. tree Teacher Notes apple After you discuss this slide use activity sheet 4. Have students draw a simple food chain of something bread they eat. grain [This object is a teacher notes pull tab]

37 Slide 26 / 212 Ecosystem - Plants The types of plants growing in an area often define what kind of biome it is and what else can survive there. The plants offer food and shelter (homes) for many animals.

38 Slide 27 / 212 Ecosystem - Plants Look outside your classroom window. What types of plants do you see? What animals use those plants for food and shelter? Use activity sheet 5 to record your observations.

39 Slide 27 (Answer) / 212 Ecosystem - Plants Teacher Notes After you discuss this slide use activity sheet 5. Have students complete drawing of outside plants and animals. Look outside your classroom window. What types of plants do you [This see? object is a teacher notes pull tab] What animals use those plants for food and shelter? Use activity sheet 5 to record your observations.

40 Slide 28 / Plants make their own food. Animals cannot make their own food. They eat to get. A energy B lazy C smaller

41 Slide 28 (Answer) / Plants make their own food. Animals cannot make their own food. They eat to get. A energy B lazy C smaller Answer Energy. Animals eat to get energy. [This object is a pull tab]

42 Slide 29 / Is this an example of a food chain? Yes No

43 Slide 29 (Answer) / Is this an example of a food chain? Yes No Answer Yes, the caterpillar eats the plant, the bird eats the caterpillar, and then the hawk eats the bird. [This object is a pull tab]

44 Slide 30 / All food chains begin with animals. True False food chain

45 Slide 30 (Answer) / All food chains begin with animals. True False Answer food chain False. all food chains begin with plants. [This object is a pull tab]

46 Slide 31 / 212 Ecosystem Animals Return to Table of Contents

47 Slide 32 / 212 Ecosystem - Animals Animals must eat something that is or was alive in order to grow and survive. For example... Hawks do not eat green plants. But the hawk ate the bird that ate the caterpillar that ate the green leaf of a plant. So the hawk is linked to green plants through the food chain. It needs the green plants as much as the caterpillar does.

48 Slide 33 / 212 Ecosystem - Animals Look at this tree. What animals do you see using this tree for food and shelter? Complete activity sheet 6 by placing animals where they find food and shelter.

49 Slide 33 (Answer) / 212 Ecosystem - Animals Teacher Notes Look at this tree. One plant can be the start of several food chains. The oak tree leaves may be food for caterpillars and beetles. It supplies acorns for squirrels, chipmunk and deer. Activity 6 - Have students fill in tree picture with the animals that use it for food and shelter. What animals do you see using this tree for food and shelter? Complete activity sheet 6 by placing animals where they find food and shelter. [This object is a teacher notes pull tab]

50 Slide 34 / 212 Ecosystem - Animals Plants and animals have features that help them survive in different environments. They may use these features to change their environment to get food. Animals that are meat eaters have amazing ways to capture prey. They may create webs or traps. They may work in teams. They hunt in large group so there will be enough food for their young. The young have a better chance of being protected and surviving. Or, they rely on their speed and power to capture prey.

51 Slide 35 / 212 Spiders - Predator Changing Environment The spider is a carnivore. This means it eats other animals. It is the predator of many small insects.

52 Slide 36 / 212 Spiders - Predator Changing Environment Spiders are able to produce a string of very fine silk. They use this silk in web building. This is one of the most unique ways of trapping small animals. Not all spiders make webs. Some catch their meals by stalking prey and pouncing on them unexpectedly.

53 Slide 37 / 212 Spider Feature Game Activity 7 Use yarn to create a spider web on the floor. You can add a plastic spider to web. Cut up an egg carton and add tissue paper petals around cups. Place the cups around the outside of the web. Make hoverflies: crush a small piece of tissue paper into body shape about an inch long; wrap it in tape; cut tissue paper wings and stick them onto middle of body.

54 Slide 38 / 212 Spider Game Hoverflies feed off nectar from flowers. The spider is one of their predators. Let each student try to gently throw a hoverfly toward a flower in hopes it will land there to feed. If it lands on the floor you may try again(three chances) If it does not get nectar by then it will die of exhaustion. If it gets caught in the web, it will be the spider's food. The spider built its web near the flowers. The spider used its web to catch its prey.

55 Slide 39 / 212 Ecosystem - Animals Animals use their own features to help them survive in their environment. Animals must try to protect themselves from becoming another animal's food (prey). They have many defenses. they may have armor or stingers they may hide in burrows they dig their bodies may look like camouflage they may live together in large groups to keep from being attacked Teacher Notes

56 Slide 40 / 212

57 Slide 41 / 212 Ecosystem - Animals Animals also use their senses to survive in their ecosystem. Most animals have five senses: sound, smell, touch, taste, sight. Many animals have one or two senses that are more highly developed (are better). For example- animals that move around at night might have poor vision (sight) but their sense of smell and sound are better than a lot of animals. This helps them find food at night.

58 Slide 42 / Which animal would not use a tree for food and shelter? A squirrel B fish C bird

59 Slide 42 (Answer) / Which animal would not use a tree for food and shelter? Answer A fish cannot live in a tree, it must live in the water to survive. [This object is a pull tab] A squirrel B fish C bird

60 Slide 43 / How does a spider catch its prey? A runs fast B spins a web C joins a group of spiders

61 Slide 43 (Answer) / How does a spider catch its prey? A runs fast B C spins a web Answer A spider has a very unique way of catching prey. It spins a web and its prey get stuck. joins a group of spiders [This object is a pull tab]

62 Slide 44 / Which is not a way an animal protects itself? A B C digs a burrow has a stinger sings a song

63 Slide 44 (Answer) / Which is not a way an animal protects itself? A B C digs a burrow Answer has a stinger sings a song [This Animals cannot protect themselves by singing songs. object is a pull tab]

64 Slide 45 / 212 Ecosystem - Biome A large, general habitat, such as a desert or rain forest, is called a biome. We are going to learn how plants and animals survive and interact in three different biomes. We will be looking at the wetlands, the forest, and the desert. We will examine the relationships between the plants and animals, the environment, and the climate in which they live.

65 Slide 46 / 212 The Wetlands Plants and Animals Return to Table of Contents

66 Slide 47 / 212 Wetlands - Plants and Animals The wetlands are swampy areas where the ground is wet and soggy most of the year. This still water supports many aquatic plants and animals. Many animals live in wetlands. Dragonflies, mosquitoes, and thousands of other insects fill the air. Fish lay eggs in shallow wetland water.

67 Slide 48 / 212 Wetlands Animals Return to Table of Contents

68 Slide 49 / 212 Wetlands - Animals Many animals in the wetlands hide to avoid drying out in the sun. The wetland provides them with many places to hide. They may hide in heavy seaweed or crevices in rocks( crabs). fiddler crabs Teacher Notes Animals with shells burrow in the sand and emerge when the water returns.

69 Slide 50 / 212 Wetlands - Animals Animals that live in the wetlands might spend part of their lives underwater; others live all their lives there. Some can breathe underwater, using gills. Others need to come to the surface to breathe air.

70 Slide 51 / 212 Wetlands - Animals These animals live in or near the wetlands. fiddler crab marsh wren herring gull diamondback terrapin mudflat crab arrow guby

71 Slide 52 / 212 pickleweed Wetlands - Animals Some animals live in the sand, others live under the water, and others find protection in the plants that grow along the shore. Teacher Notes fiddler crab mud crab striper striper pipe fish arrow goby burrow

72 Slide 53 / 212 Wetlands - Animals A gull flies above the wetlands searching for food. herring gull These animals and plants live along the shore where they find food and protection. marsh wren salt grass diamondback terrapin

73 Slide 54 / Crabs can hide under rocks. Where else can they hide? A in seaweed B in tree branches C on the beach

74 Slide 54 (Answer) / Crabs can hide under rocks. Where else can they hide? A B in seaweed Answer in tree branches Crabs will hide in seaweed. C on the beach [This object is a pull tab]

75 Slide 55 / Which animal does not live in the wetlands? A B C

76 Slide 55 (Answer) / Which animal does not live in the wetlands? Answer A squirrel's environment is the forest not the wetlands. A squirrel likes trees and digs holes in the ground to hide its food. A B C [This object is a pull tab]

77 Slide 56 / 212 Wetlands Plants Return to Table of Contents

78 Slide 57 / 212 Wetlands - Plants With plenty of sunshine, plants thrive in this environment. When the plants grow and die they become part of the food chain.

79 Slide 58 / 212 Wetlands - Plants There are three types of plants in the wetlands. 1. Some plants have roots in the soil but they extend above the water's surface. 2. Some plants are completely underwater. 3. Some plants float on the water's surface All of these plants provide food and shelter for wetland animals.

80 Slide 59 / 212 Wetlands - Shelter A variety of fish lay their eggs among the plants in order to hide them from predators. Fish eggs cannot swim at all, making them easy prey. Jellyfish and bigger fish will eat the eggs. fish eggs fish eggs

81 Slide 60 / 212 Wetlands - Shelter The wetlands provide shelter and protection for many species. The wetlands also provide food, a place to cool off, a place to build nests, and a nursery for small animals to grow. The wetlands are also used as migratory stopovers for many bird species.

82 Slide 61 / 212 Wetlands - Shelter Activity 10 Use activity sheet Have the students cut strips of green tissue paper and glue to plant. 2. Then have students cut out small circles of wax paper to represent eggs. 3. Have the students glue the eggs to the picture where they will be protected from predators. 4. Have the students draw an animal searching for the eggs so they can eat. Teacher Notes

83 Slide 62 / 212 Migration in the Wetlands Ducks and other birds nest in the wetlands. Birds that migrate long distances stop in wetlands to rest and find food. nesting resting and looking for food Migrate- to go to a different place at the same time each year; many birds migrate south to live in warm areas during the winter; they fly north in the spring. Migration is round trips made by animals between habitats in search of food or to reach a place to lay eggs.

84 Slide 63 / All wetland plants grow completely under the water. True False

85 Slide 63 (Answer) / All wetland plants grow completely under the water. True False Answer False, some plants do grow under the water but others float on top of the water. Some have their roots in the soil under the water but the rest of the plant grows above the water. [This object is a pull tab]

86 Slide 64 / The wetlands provide food, shelter, and a place to build nests for many animals. True False

87 Slide 64 (Answer) / The wetlands provide food, shelter, and a place to build nests for many animals. True False Answer Many animals use the wetlands for food, shelter, and a place to build their nests. [This object is a pull tab]

88 Slide 65 / Fish lay their eggs among plants so they can predators. A B play with eat with C hide from

89 Slide 65 (Answer) / Fish lay their eggs among plants so they can predators. A play with B eat with Answer Hide from predators. The plant makes it hard for animals to see the eggs. C hide from [This object is a pull tab]

90 Slide 66 / 212 Wetlands Food Chain Return to Table of Contents

91 Slide 67 / 212 Wetlands Food Chain The plants in a wetland provide food for many animals. Tiny organisms feed on dying plants. Insects, snails, and worms eat the organisms. Animals such as frogs, small fish, and birds eat the insects, snails, and worms. The small animals become food for larger animals like gulls, herons, and hawks.

92 Slide 68 / 212 Simple Wetlands Food Chain grass plants shrimp minnow crab terrapin herring gull Let's discuss what is happening in this food chain.

93 The grass shrimp eat the plants. Slide 69 / 212 Simple Wetlands Food Chain Minnows eat the grass shrimp. Crabs eat the minnows. Diamondback terrapins eat the small crabs. Teacher Notes Herring gulls eat the terrapins.

94 Slide 70 / 212 Food Web We have drawn simple food chains. If you put the food chains on one page you have a food web. Food webs are made up of many food chains. The animals in an environment survive because there are other plants and animals to eat.

95 Slide 71 / 212 Wetlands Food Web

96 Slide 72 / 212 Wetlands Food Web Activity Have the students collect various pictures of plants and animals that live in the wetlands. You might assign this as homework. Have available several magazines or pictures you copied from internet for those who may not have access to sources. 2. When the pictures have been collected lead discussion about animals. Questions you might ask... would this animal live in the wetlands, where would it find food and shelter, what type of food would it eat?

97 Slide 73 / 212 Wetlands Food Web Activity After your discussion, lead the children in creating simple food chains of wetland animals and plants. Have them place their pictures on the floor or on the board creating a food chain. 4. If you think your group is capable, have them join several of the chains into a wetlands food web. 5. Use activity sheet #13 to draw an illustration of the chain they created.

98 Slide 74 / 212 Wetlands Food Web "Action" Activity 14 Now that the students have created food chains that include plants and animals, have them act out life in the wetlands. 1. Assign pictures of plants and animals to students. 2. Some students may hold pictures of where animals hide and find shelter in the wetlands. 3. Now have the students perform the daily activities of animals in the wetlands. Create a food chain through their actions. Teacher Notes

99 Slide 75 / Wetlands food chains start with plants. True False

100 Slide 75 (Answer) / Wetlands food chains start with plants. True False Answer All food chains start with plants. [This object is a pull tab]

101 Slide 76 / Which animal would not be in a wetlands food chain? A crab B giraffe C fish

102 Slide 76 (Answer) / Which animal would not be in a wetlands food chain? Answer A giraffe does not live in the wetlands, so it would not be part of the wetlands food web. A crab B giraffe C fish [This object is a pull tab]

103 Slide 77 / 212 People and The Wetlands Return to Table of Contents

104 Slide 78 / 212 People and the Wetlands Many people do not live in the wetlands but they enjoy the food it provides and the activities that take place there.

105 Slide 79 / 212 People and the Wetlands Because of the abundance of animal life, wetlands attract scientists, hunters, artists, and other people who appreciate natural places. Many people hunt, fish, and bird watch or photograph wetland wildlife. Painters and writers capture the beauty of wetlands on canvas, or through cameras.

106 Slide 80 / 212 People and the Wetlands Others appreciate the wetlands through hiking, fishing, and boating. Almost everyone likes to be near the water. They enjoy seeing the fascinating animals that live in the wetlands. Teacher Notes

107 Slide 81 / Wetlands attract scientists, fishermen, and artists. True False

108 Slide 81 (Answer) / Wetlands attract scientists, fishermen, and artists. True False Answer True, people love the beautiful environment of the wetlands. They like to take pictures or study the plants and animals that live there. [This object is a pull tab]

109 Slide 82 / You cannot in the wetlands. A fish B go boating C snowboard

110 Slide 82 (Answer) / You cannot in the wetlands. A fish B Answer go boating C snowboard Snowboard. The wetlands are flat lands covered with water and plants. It would not be a good place to snowboard but it is fun to go boating. [This object is a pull tab]

111 Slide 83 / 212 The Forest Plants and Animals Return to Table of Contents

112 Slide 84 / 212 Forest - Plants and Animals A forest is an area of land covered with trees. The good temperatures in this biome provide rich sources of food in spring, summer, and fall. There is food high in tree branches - leaves, nuts, flowers, and fruit. This food attracts birds and squirrels.

113 Slide 85 / 212 Forest - Plants and Animals Forests give shelter to animals. Birds make their nests in the trees. The trees are the home and food source for many insects. There are many types of forests. The animals you find in each kind are different. Watch this video to discover the different types. Can you think of other animals that might make a home in a tree or the forest? Click for video

114 Slide 86 / 212 Forest - Plants Many small plants grow in the shade under the trees. On the forest floor are flowering plants in the spring. (crocus, primrose). Berry bushes also grow under the trees. During the summer months ferns and mosses grow. They have adapted to the shade the trees provide. They don't need as much sunlight to grow.

115 Slide 87 / 212 Forest - Plants and Animals These plants and the insects they attract are food for small mammals such as wood mice, voles, chipmunks, and squirrels. These animals eat the plants and then grow. But there are predators of the small animals in the forest. Foxes, some owls, and weasels are searching for food. The small animals are just the right size for dinner.

116 Slide 88 / 212 Forest Environment Melting snow in spring and rain during the summer provide water for streams and ponds in the forest. Water birds, insects, and fish live in these streams and ponds. Frogs, snakes and lizards live near the stream eating the insects and other small creatures.

117 Slide 89 / A forest is an area of land covered with trees. True False

118 Slide 89 (Answer) / A forest is an area of land covered with trees. True False Answer A forest is covered with trees. It is a great environment for plants and animals to grow and survive. [This object is a pull tab]

119 Slide 90 / Forests give to animals. A food B shelter C place to build nests D all of the above

120 Slide 90 (Answer) / Forests give to animals. A food B shelter C D Answer place to build nests all of the above [This A forest gives animals food, shelter, and a place to build nests.so the correct answer is all of the above. object is a pull tab]

121 Slide 91 / 212 Forest Environment Survival Camouflage Return to Table of Contents

122 Slide 92 / 212 Forest Environment - Survival We know animals must eat in order to live. Sometimes when they are searching for food they have to hide to survive. Why do you think animals have to hide? How does the forest provide good hiding places? Animals may hide in holes, burrows, in plants, and beneath rocks. Animals are hiding from predators and danger in order to survive.

123 Slide 93 / 212 Forest Environment - Survival Can you find the animals hiding in this picture?

124 Slide 94 / 212 Adapting to Environment - Camouflage Even through the forest has an abundance of food, animals have to protect themselves from predators or they cannot get the food they need. Some animals can hide in a special way.the color of their coats or fur blend into the colors of nature surrounding them. Each one of these animals is camouflaged. Can you find the frog? Camouflage- The way that the coloring and markings of an animal blend in with its surroundings, making the animal difficult to see.

125 Slide 95 / 212 Adapting to Environment - Camouflage What color is camouflage? Camouflage can be a certain color, or pattern of colors. Animal camouflage makes an animal hard to see. Camouflage helps an animal hide from enemies. It can help an animal sneak up on its prey (food). Teacher Notes

126 Slide 96 / 212 Adapting to Environment - Camouflage All living things need some way of protecting themselves in their environment. A wasp can sting, a snail can hide in its shell, and a spider can run. A caterpillar has no sting, no shell, and cannot move fast, so it protects itself by camouflaging its body. This means its body is the same color or shape as things in its environment.

127 Slide 97 / 212 Camouflage Activity 16 Let's see if we can create an environment where a caterpillar can use camouflage to hide from predators. tube with twigs and leaves Make a tree branch by using a thin cardboard tube. Cover the tube with natural materials (leaves and twigs) to make it look like a tree branch. Make your caterpillar from clay and place it on your branch. What would be the best color for your caterpillar? Why?

128 Slide 98 / 212 Adapting to Changing Environment Camouflage When the surrounding world changes color, certain animals can change right along. How can animals with dark fur protect themselves when their environment turns white from snow? Snowshoe hare's fur will turn white during the winter months. Only the dark eyes and tips of ears can give them away to predators.

129 A snowshoe hare does not look the same in winter as it does in summer. In winter it has white fur. In summer it has brown fur. A white coat is hard to see in winter. A brown coat is hard to see in summer. The enemies of the hares have trouble finding them. Slide 99 / 212 Adapting to Changing Environment Camouflage

130 Slide 100 / 212 Adapting to Changing Environment Snowshoe hares eat buds, twigs, and bark. Predators are owls, hawks, and foxes. At a young age they learn to sit so still that predators can't see them. They run very fast so foxes have trouble catching them.

131 Slide 101 / 212 Snowshoe Hare Camouflage Activity 17a & 17b Use the snowshoe hare pattern (17a). Have the children color one side brown. Glue a craft stick to bottom end of hare. Now use activity sheet (17b) to create winter and summer environments. Students might just color the scenes or they could use materials such as artificial snow, grass, and twigs as accessories to pictures. Now have them demonstrate which side of hare would survive in the winter and summer because of camouflage. Encourage them to take the props home and explain their thinking to their families.

132 Slide 102 / If a forest animal is in danger it might. A sleep B hide C eat

133 Slide 102 (Answer) / If a forest animal is in danger it might. A sleep B hide C eat Answer A forest animal may hide in the grass, trees, or in burrows so other animals will not attack. [This object is a pull tab]

134 Slide 103 / Camouflage helps an animal hide from enemies. True False

135 Slide 103 (Answer) / Camouflage helps an animal hide from enemies. True False Answer Because an animal's covering is the same color as its environment, it can hide from its enemies. [This object is a pull tab]

136 Slide 104 / Camouflage makes an animal hard to. A hear B smell C see

137 Slide 104 (Answer) / Camouflage makes an animal hard to. Answer See. An animal's covering is the same color as its environment. This makes it harder for other animals to see it and hunt it for A hear B smell food. C see [This object is a pull tab]

138 Slide 105 / 212 Forest Environment Winter Survival Return to Table of Contents

139 Slide 106 / 212 Forest Environment - Winter Survival Animals in the forest enjoy the long summer weather. There is plenty of food and shelter available. But the winter weather provides challenges. The weather is cold and food is scarce.

140 Slide 107 / 212 Forest Environment - Winter Survival The only way some animals can survive cold winters is to keep eating to provide energy. Some animals use much of their energy to keep warm. We are going to set up an experiment to see if an animal's fur can help him stay warm

141 Slide 108 / 212 Forest Environment - Winter Survival Activity 18 - Lab 1 This experiment must be done on a cold day. Pour an equal amount of hot water from a pitcher into each of four identical jars. Use a thermometer to check that the water is the same temperature in each jar. Now look around outside for good places to put the jars where they will hold their warmth.

142 Slide 109 / 212 Maintaining Warmth Activity 1.Put one of the jars out in the open. 2.Wrap another jar in a pile of leaves. 3.Put a wet cloth around the third jar. wet 4.Put dry fur-like material around the fourth. After ten minutes use the thermometer (or your finger) to see which jars have held their heat and which have gotten cold. Keep checking at intervals to see which stays warm the longest.

143 Slide 110 / 212 Maintaining Warmth Activity 1. The jar in the open will lose heat quickly, as our unprotected skin would in cold places. 2.The jar with leaves around it will keep fairly warm, through leaves do not insulate all that well. 3. A wet cloth will cool the water quickly. The evaporating water in the cloth draws heat from the water in the jar. wet 4. The dry fur cloth provides good insulation, much as an animal's coat. This jar will stay the warmest.

144 Slide 111 / 212 Winter Survival Hibernation Return to Table of Contents

145 Slide 112 / 212 Forest Animals Survive Cold Winters Many forest animals have fur to help keep them warm in the winter. But sometimes they must save energy in the winter. One way some animals save energy in the winter is to let their body become much cooler. A lot less fuel is needed. These animals hibernate in the winter.

146 Slide 113 / 212 Forest Environment - Winter Survival Hibernation Hibernation- Some animals that live in the forest have limited food supply in the winter.to adapt to the cold weather they hibernate during the winter months. Click for video Hibernation- rest during winter when food is limited

147 Slide 114 / 212 Forest Animals Survive Cold Winters When they cannot find the food they need, the animals will look for shelter. Animals find different places in their environment to hibernate.they will stay here until the weather gets warmer and then they can find food to eat.

148 Slide 115 / 212 Forest Animals Survive Cold Winters Animals choose to hibernate in different places in the forest environment. Some animals will dig to change the environment by creating holes or burrows to hibernate in.

149 Slide 116 / 212 Forest Animals Survive Cold Winters Some animals will find logs or caves that already exist in the environment. We are going to learn about a few of the forest animals that hibernate and their choices of shelter.

150 Slide 117 / 212 Forest Animals Survive Cold Winters On the next slide you will see forest animals that hibernate in the winter. Which animals do you recognize? What do you know about them? What would you like to learn about them? Look through classroom books or visit the library to learn more about these forest animals.

151 Slide 118 / 212 Forest Hibernating Animals bear turtle bat hornet Teacher Notes frog snake raccoon

152 Slide 119 / 212 Hibernating Shelters bottom of pond in trees Where can they go? under rocks or in burrows in log in cave

153 Slide 120 / 212 Match Animal to Hibernating Shelter pond tree hollows Move each animal to the habitat where it could hibernate through the winter. frog raccoon turtle

154 Slide 121 / 212 Match Animal to Hibernating Shelter under rocks or in burrows in cave hollow log hornet bat bear snake

155 Slide 122 / 212 Forest Animals Hibernation Mural Activity 19 Let's create our own mural of animals hibernating in winter. 1. Break your class into small groups. 2. Instruct the students that they will be creating a mural. They will add the forest animals and shelters for them. 2. Use a large piece of rolled paper for background. 3. Have the children draw the different areas of shelter. (see notes) 4. Now have the children draw or cut out animals provided by you. 5. Finally, have the children glue the animals onto mural to show where these animals would find shelter in the winter and hibernate. Label shelters and animals.

156 Slide 123 / Forest animals save energy in the winter by. A hibernating B camouflage C eating

157 Slide 123 (Answer) / Forest animals save energy in the winter by. A hibernating Answer B camouflage While animals hibernate their body temperature drops and they use less energy to survive. C eating [This object is a pull tab]

158 Slide 124 / Which is not shelter for a forest animal in winter? in cave A log B cave C house

159 Slide 124 (Answer) / Which is not shelter for a forest animal in winter? Answer The house in cave would not be shelter for the wild animals that live in the forest. A log B cave C house [This object is a pull tab]

160 Slide 125 / Some forest animals have fur to help them keep warm in the winter. True False

161 Slide 125 (Answer) / Some forest animals have fur to help them keep warm in the winter. True Answer True, animals that have fur covering their bodies are warmer in the winter. False [This object is a pull tab]

162 Slide 126 / 212 Winter Survival Migration Return to Table of Contents

163 Slide 127 / 212 Winter Survival - Migration Migration - Insects attract birds to the forest. However, when cold weather arrives and the insects disappear, many birds migrate southward. They return when the warm weather returns in the spring. migrationmove to warmer area for food

164 Slide 128 / 212 Winter Survival Migration Some geese fly (migrate) south for the winter. They migrate to places that do not have snow and there is more food to eat. When geese migrate they fly in a "V". Each goose takes a turn to be the leader so the lead goose does not get too tired. You can hear them honking in the sky as they fly south. Honk Honk

165 Slide 129 / 212 Winter Survival Migration Some butterflies hibernate in the winter. They find shelter in trees and logs. Some butterflies do not hibernate in the winter. Before it gets cold they fly (migrate) to places where the weather is warmer.

166 Slide 130 / 212 Winter Survival Migration Activity 20 The students will become geese who are migrating south. Take students outside where you have more room and they can feel the wind blowing against them. Have the children form a V and then take turns being the lead. Encourage them to "honk"! Honking geese encourage the lead goose to keep flying to warmer weather.

167 Slide 131 / Some birds migrate because insects disappear in the winter. True False

168 Slide 131 (Answer) / Some birds migrate because insects disappear in the winter. True False Answer True, geese like to eat insects and plants. When the cold days of winter come the insects and plants are no longer around, so the geese fly south where the weather is warmer. Plants and insects are growing in the environment where the weather is warmer. [This object is a pull tab]

169 Slide 132 / Which forest animal does not migrate in the winter? A goose B owl C butterfly

170 Slide 132 (Answer) / Which forest animal does not migrate in the winter? Answer An owl does not migrate in the winter because it can still hunt for small animals during the cold winter months. A goose B owl C butterfly [This object is a pull tab]

171 Slide 133 / 212 Forest Animals Defenses Return to Table of Contents

172 Slide 134 / 212 Forest Animals - Defenses Animals have defenses that help them live in their forest environment. Porcupines are slow-moving tree climbers. They have rows of sharp quills (stiff hairs with hooked ends).other animals will stay away from sharp quills. Skunks - Skunks identify themselves with a white stripe. Stay away! If the other animals get too close the skunk will spray them.

173 Slide 135 / 212 Forest Animals - Defenses Yellow Jacket- Yellow jackets use their stingers if another animal gets too close. Once sprayed by a skunk or stung by a bee, a hunting animal learns to avoid them next time. Teacher Notes

174 Slide 136 / 212 Forest Animal No Defense woodpecker Some animals cannot adapt to things happening in the forest. There used to be a lot of woodpeckers. Woodpeckers peck at tree limbs, searching for insects. There are less trees in the forests now so there are less woodpeckers. There are less places to build their nests. People also killed them for their pretty feathers. Farmers also killed them so they would not damage their fruit and berry crops.

175 Slide 137 / Animals have defenses that help them live in their forest environment. True False

176 Slide 137 (Answer) / Animals have defenses that help them live in their forest environment. True Answer True, some animals have armor, stingers, or quills to defend themselves. False [This object is a pull tab]

177 Slide 138 / What animal will spray to defend itself? A porcupine B skunk C bee

178 Slide 138 (Answer) / What animal will spray to defend itself? Answer Animals have to defend themselves in the forest. A skunk will spray other animals so they stay away. A porcupine B skunk C bee [This object is a pull tab]

179 Slide 139 / Because there are less trees in some forests there are less. A woodpeckers B owls C mice

180 Slide 139 (Answer) / Because there are less trees in some forests there are less. Answer Woodpeckers. In many forest because there are less trees the number of woodpeckers is smaller than in years past. People have also killed them for feathers, and farmers kill them to protect their crops. A woodpeckers B owls C mice [This object is a pull tab]

181 Slide 140 / 212 Forest Food Web Return to Table of Contents

182 Slide 141 / 212 Forest Food Web We have learned that the forest is home for many different types of plants and animals.the animals may have to make changes to the environment or their bodies to survive in the forest. The abundance of plants helps many animals survive.we have learned that animals will protect themselves from other animals. For most animals to survive they must eat other animals. We can follow a food web to see how these animals survive in the forest.

183 Slide 142 / 212 Forest Food Web A food web is several food chains combined in an ecosystem. bears owl squirrels rabbit deer acorns plants food web

184 Slide 143 / 212 Forest Food Web Teacher Notes This is another example of a forest food web. Remember we always start with the plants.

185 Slide 144 / Most animals in the forest eat other animals. True False

186 Slide 144 (Answer) / Most animals in the forest eat other animals. True Answer True, most animals in the forest survive by eating other animals. False [This object is a pull tab]

187 Slide 145 / A food web always starts with plants in the environment. True bears owl squirrels rabbit deer False acorn plants s food web

188 Slide 145 (Answer) / A food web always starts with plants in the environment. True False Answer All food web start with plants. It doesn't matter what the environment owl bears is the bottom of the food web is plants. squirrels rabbit acorn plants s [This food object is a pull tab] web deer

189 Slide 146 / 212 People in the Forest Return to Table of Contents

190 Slide 147 / 212 People in the Forest

191 Slide 148 / 212 People in the Forest We have learned that the forest provides a habitat for many plants and animals. Did you know that three hundred million people live in or near forests? Just like the wetlands, scientists spend a lot of time in the forest studying plants and animals.

192 Slide 149 / 212 People in the Forest People use forest products (timber, bush foods/berries, medicinal plants). Some people hunt and fish animals that live in the forest.

193 Slide 150 / 212 People in the Forest The forest inspires our artistic nature and provides places for recreation. People like to hike, camp, and enjoy picnics in the forest. Teacher Notes

194 Slide 151 / 212 People in the Forest Some people build their homes in the forest. Some live without electricity, running water, and grocery stores. They find everything they need to survive in the forest.

195 Slide 152 / 212 People in the Forest How do you think people can survive in the forest? Where would they find water for drinking and cleaning? What could they eat? What do you think they could do at night without TV, videos, or electric lights? Would you like to live in the forest? Teacher Notes

196 Slide 153 / Scientists spend time in the forest studying plants and. A oceans B sunlight C animals

197 Slide 153 (Answer) / Scientists spend time in the forest studying plants and. Answer Scientists study plants and animals in the forest. They use the information they collect to A oceans B sunlight help us understand how plants C animals and animals survive in the forest. [This object is a pull tab]

198 Slide 154 / The forest provides people with products like timber and berries. True False

199 Slide 154 (Answer) / The forest provides people with products like timber and berries. True Answer True, people cut down the trees so they can use the timber to build houses or furniture. They find berries in the forest that they use to make jams. False [This object is a pull tab]

200 Slide 155 / People cannot live in the forest without electricity. True False

201 Slide 155 (Answer) / People cannot live in the forest without electricity. Answer False, there are people who live in the forest without electricity. They live by hunting for their own food and cooking over a fire. They might take a cool bath in a lake or stream. True False [This object is a pull tab]

202 Slide 156 / 212 The Desert Plants and Animals Return to Table of Contents

203 Slide 157 / 212 Desert A desert is a place that has few life forms. Sometimes animals adapt to living in the deserts, but conditions tend to be extreme, and survival is challenging.

204 Slide 158 / 212 Desert The desert is the driest place on the planet. This makes it a great challenge for plants and animals to survive.the soil is so poor that very few plants can grow. Desert surface contains sand, gravel, and rocks. desert surface

205 Slide 159 / 212 Desert When there are a few plants in the desert there is Very little shelter for the animals from the strong winds. 2. Very little protection from hot temperatures during the day. 3. Very little protection from freezing temperatures at night. Deserts are inhabited by unusual plants and animals that have adapted to tough conditions.

206 Slide 160 / 212 Desert Water and Survival Return to Table of Contents

207 Slide 161 / 212 Desert Water and Survival All living things need water. Green plants need sunlight to make food; and animals must eat to get energy. Sometimes food and water are hard to come by, so plants and animals need to change their lifestyles in order to survive.

208 Slide 162 / 212 Desert - Water and Survival Let's learn about water in the desert. The desert receives 1/10 of rainfall that a forest receives. There can be years between rainfall in the desert. The plants and animals that survive in the desert make the most of the tiny amount of existing water. Desert plants gather and store water that animals can use. Plants and animals need to be able to quickly use any rain that does fall.

209 Slide 163 / 212 Desert Plants and Water Desert plants have far-reaching webs of fine roots. They store water in large underground tap roots, out of reach of the sun's soaring temperatures.

210 Slide 164 / 212 Desert Plants and Water Some desert plants store water in waxy, waterproof stems. These plants are not tasty as food.

211 Slide 165 / 212 Desert Plants and Water Some desert plants have leaves. They will lose leaves when it is too hot to minimize water loss. Desert plants offer little shade for insects, animals, and man. Desert plants do not grow close to each other because there is not enough moisture (water) in the soil to support more plants.

212 Slide 166 / 212 Desert Plants and Water For weeks, months, or even years, a seed can remain inactive (it does not grow). But when the conditions are right it will burst into life and begin to grow. What is going on in the desert?

213 Slide 167 / 212 Desert Plants and Water If it rains enough the desert will burst into life. 1. Seeds begin to grow. 2. Everything grows quickly. 3. The plants attract insects. 4. The insects become food for other animals. 5. The plants will live only a few weeks. Why do you think the new plants will live only a few weeks? What do plants need to grow?

214 Slide 168 / 212 Desert Plants and Water Activity 25 Set up experiment by putting seeds in sandy soil. Place pot by sunny window for weeks without water. Then add water for a few days to a week so they can grow. Observe the growth of plant. Then stop giving water and see what happens. How is this like plant life in the desert? Teacher Notes

215 Slide 169 / Desert surface contains. A B grass and flowers sand, gravel, and rocks C streams and rocks

216 Slide 169 (Answer) / Desert surface contains. A B C grass and flowers sand, gravel, and rocks Answer streams and rocks [This Desert surface contains sand, gravel, and rocks. It is too hot in the desert for grass to grow. There is not enough rain for streams to flow. object is a pull tab]

217 Slide 170 / Which statement is not true about desert plants? A provide shelter from winds B C protect against hot days protect against hot nights

218 Slide 170 (Answer) / Which statement is not true about desert plants? A B C provide shelter from winds protect against hot days Answer protect against hot nights Desert plants protect animals from the cold nights not hot nights. The hot air rises at night and the desert gets very cold at night. The animals try to find shelter from the cold nights. [This object is a pull tab]

219 Slide 171 / If it rains enough, seeds grow quickly in the desert. True False

220 Slide 171 (Answer) / If it rains enough, seeds grow quickly in the desert. True False Answer True, when it does rain the seeds in the ground quickly grow. The small plants attract insects and animals. As soon as it gets very hot again the plants will die without more water. [This object is a pull tab]

221 Slide 172 / 212 Desert Animals Adapting to Heat Return to Table of Contents

222 Slide 173 / 212 Desert Animals Most desert animals are small, because food and water is scarce. Many desert animals never drink at all. They eat the desert plants that have water in them The other animals eat the animals that ate the plants. water plant plant-eating animals animals that eat other animals

223 Slide 174 / 212 Adapting to the Desert's Heat Animals that live in the desert have adapted to the extreme heat of the desert. Toads and turtles will dig burrows in the sand and wait underground until rain arrives.

224 Slide 175 / 212 Adapting to the Desert's Heat Birds cannot burrow into the ground so they seek shade between rocks and under low-lying bushes. Or they might fly higher where the air is cooler. Some may flutter their wings to remove the heat from their bodies.

225 Slide 176 / 212 Adapting to the Desert's Heat Desert animals have very little fat on their bodies.this helps keep their bodies cooler by cutting down on body heat. scorpion

226 Slide 177 / 212 Adapting to the Desert's Heat When an animal is out during the day some will adapt ways to move over the hot ground. A sidewinder snake moves in S shapes.this way only a tiny part of the snake's body touches the burning-hot ground. Click for video have students act out being snakes moving across the hot desert sand

227 Slide 178 / 212 Adapting to the Desert's Heat Reptiles scaly skin allows them to move across the hot terrain without burning their bodies.

228 Slide 179 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Surviving Desert Animals Lizards use camouflage to change and blend in with the environment. The color of their skin is the same as the desertsand making it hard for other animals to see them. This makes it easier for them to catch their prey.

229 Slide 180 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Surviving Desert Animals Some desert animals like camels hold up to 10 gallons (40 liters) of water in the fat of their humps.

230 Slide 181 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Surviving Desert Animals Other desert animals like the sandgrouse (bird) must drink everyday. The adult birds will fly far to find the water they need. Their chicks cannot fly. So the adult birds will sit in water hole, soaking up water in their feathers.they carry this water to their chicks.

231 Slide 182 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment The desert is very hot during the day. Animals will try to stay cool They are light in color (reflects more light) keeping their bodies cooler. 2. They burrow underground where it is cooler. 3. They seek shelter in the shade of rocks or plants. 4. They seek food at night when the air is cooler, because the sun is not shining.

232 Slide 183 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Night Eaters Even animals that are plant eaters will eat at night. Because the temperature goes from very hot to much cooler, dew (water) forms on the plants.the animals will drink the dew drops on the plants. Teacher Notes

233 Slide 184 / Most desert animals are small because. A the sun never shines B C they sleep alot there is little food and water

234 Slide 184 (Answer) / Most desert animals are small because. A B C the sun never shines they sleep alot Answer Animals are small in the desert because there is little food and water. The harsh conditions from the hot sun keep many plants from growing and there is little rain available for animals to drink. there is little food and water [This object is a pull tab]

235 Slide 185 / Animals in the desert try to stay cool in the heat. Which of these statements is not true? A Toads and turtles dig burrows. B C Some birds flutter their wings. Snakes move by rolling over and over.

236 Slide 185 (Answer) / Animals in the desert try to stay cool in the heat. Which of these statements is not true? A B C Toads and turtles dig burrows. Answer Snakes do not roll over and over. If they did their whole body would be touching the hot sand. Most desert snakes move in a "S" movement so their whole body doesn't touch the sand, only part touches as it "S" moves across Some birds flutter their wings. the sand. Snakes move by rolling over and over. [This object is a pull tab]

237 Slide 186 / 212 Desert Homes/Shelter Return to Table of Contents

238 Slide 187 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Desert Homes Many animals live in burrows under the ground. These burrows can be up to 33 feet long. They even contain storage space for food. Some animals will block the entrance to the burrow with plugs of sand to keep out the heat. Close the door or you will let the hot air in!

239 Slide 188 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Desert Homes The cactus is home to several kinds of birds and animals.

240 Slide 189 / 212 Adapting to the Desert Environment Desert Homes The ladderback woodpecker chisels out holes high above the ground, where it is cooler. When the woodpecker moves on, desert owls inhabit their old nesting holes in the cactus. Teacher Notes

241 Slide 190 / Desert birds might make their home in a cactus. True False

242 Slide 190 (Answer) / Desert birds might make their home in a cactus. True False Answer True, birds will live near the top of cactus where the air is cooler. [This object is a pull tab]

243 Slide 191 / Which animal would not live in a cactus. A coyote B owl C woodpecker

244 Slide 191 (Answer) / Which animal would not live in a cactus. Answer The coyote would not live in a cactus. The woodpecker drills a hole into the cactus. When the woodpecker moves to another home, the owl will move into the cactus. A coyote B owl C woodpecker [This object is a pull tab]

245 Slide 192 / 212 Desert Food Web Return to Table of Contents

246 Slide 193 / 212 Desert Food Web birds foxes spiders insects scorpions lizards plants food web snakes rodents Talk about each food chain (different colors). See how when you put them together you have a food web. Let's try to create our own chains and web. Teacher Notes

247 Slide 194 / 212 Desert Food Web Activity First, pass out different desert animal pictures to students. (They may draw or you provide pictures). 2.One child will hold picture of sun and one will hold picture of desert plant. 3. Divide students into groups that represent a food chain.(use previous slide as a guide). 4.Have the children stand apart connected by different colors of yarn for each chain. 5.Lead the groups in discussion of the order their group should follow. Which animal eats the previous animal? 6.Then interconnect the groups with each group starting from desert plant. 7.The sun should stand near the plant. 8.Finally ask the students, "What would happen if one of the animals was not in the chain?". What would happen if the plant died?

248 Slide 195 / A desert food web starts with plants. True False

249 Slide 195 (Answer) / A desert food web starts with plants. True False Answer True, a desert food web like all other food webs starts with plants. [This object is a pull tab]

250 Slide 196 / Which animal would be at the top of a desert food web? A lizard B snake C fox

251 Slide 196 (Answer) / Which animal would be at the top of a desert food web? Answer A fox would be at the top of a desert food change. The other choices are eaten by other animals. A lizard B snake C fox [This object is a pull tab]

252 Slide 197 / 212 People in the Desert Return to Table of Contents

253 Slide 198 / 212 People in the Desert People also live in the desert. Humans have been living in the desert for thousands of years. People's skin is darker to handle the sunlight and heat. They may live near oasis. An oasis is a pocket of water. They might farm close to this water supply.

254 Slide 199 / 212 People in the Desert Shelter Other people move from oasis to oasis hunting as they move across the desert; to find food and water. Nomads carry portable homes as they move from place to place. Tents may be made from woven goat hair.

255 Slide 200 / 212 People in the Desert Water People need water and salt to survive. Since the weather is so hot in the desert, people sweat (lose water). When they sweat their bodies also lose salt. If they do not have enough salt they will have cramping muscles and headaches. So they must carry water as they move or stay near a water source.

256 Slide 201 / 212 People in the Desert Clothing Because of severe heat, people have to dress carefully.they wear long, flowing robes that protect their skin from the sun and allow air to reach their bodies.they cover their heads to shield the sun. They may pull a veil across their face to protect it from the sun and keep sand out of their mouths.

257 Slide 202 / People that move across the desert, carry their homes with them. True False

258 Slide 202 (Answer) / People that move across the desert, carry their homes with them. True False Answer People that keep moving in the desert carry tents so they have a place to live and sleep. [This object is a pull tab]

259 Slide 203 / It is very hot in the desert. People need water and to survive. A sugar B salt C pepper

260 Slide 203 (Answer) / It is very hot in the desert. People need water and to survive. A sugar B salt C pepper Answer The correct answer is salt. Because it is so hot in the desert people sweat and their bodies lose salt. If they don't replace it they will get muscle cramps. [This object is a pull tab]

261 Slide 204 / 212 Changes in Environment Return to Table of Contents

262 Slide 205 / 212 Changes in Environment Plants and animals can change their environment to meet their needs. Let's look at a tree in the forest or even in your own yard. We have learned that the tree is home to many animals. At the bottom of the tree its roots spread into the soil. A squirrel can change the environment at the bottom and top of the tree.

263 Slide 206 / 212 Changes in Environment In the summer the squirrel will use leaves and twigs to build a nest high in the tree for baby squirrels. The squirrel will dig into the ground and hide its food. In the winter the squirrel will build another nest closer to the trunk of the tree.

264 Slide 207 / 212 Changes in Environment Foxes change the environment to make a home for their young. Foxes often dig their dens among the roots of trees, where they can rear up to five young cubs every year.

265 Slide 208 / 212 Changes in Environment A tree can change the environment as it grows. We often see the roots of a tree breaking the concrete of sidewalks. Humans may have to fix the sidewalks or remove the trees.

266 Slide 209 / 212 Changes in Environment When birds eat at a feeder they may drop some of the seeds to the ground. These may then sprout and grow into plants at that spot.

267 Slide 210 / 212 Changes in Environment Birds also like to eat berries on bushes. As the birds fly they may drop the seed to the ground.these seeds may grow into berry bushes at the new location.

268 Slide 211 / 212 Changes in Environment Nature Walk Take your class on a nature walk. Have them look for changes in the environment that were caused by animal behavior or plant growth. Have them record what they saw on activity sheet 29.