Crash Reporting in Vermont: On the Road to Real Time Reporting

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1 Crash Reporting in Vermont: On the Road to Real Time Reporting William Clements, Ph.D. xecutive Director Vermont Center for Justice Research

2 The Problems: PDeclines in police reported crashes PTimeliness <Crash Report filing <Data for analysis PRepeated manual data entry PAn "old" crash report form (early 1980s) PRise of the "short form" non-reportable crash

3 Number Crashes Reported by Police vs Operator ,000 16,000 12,000 Total Reported 8,000 Police-Reported 4,000 Operator-Reported Year

4 The Legacy System MV Crash Reported Short Form 60 days Reported to DMV 5-7 months DMV Processing 3-6 months Vtrans Processing Crash Data Analysis 9-24 months

5 Planning the Solution PSystem Audit PTraffic Records Strategic Plan <Crash reporting system #1 priority PCrash From Planning Committee <Review existing form element by element <Justification to keep specific elements <MMUCC elements incorporated PTraffic Records Committee (NHTSA 411) <Report form revision <Reporting system development PVTrans: Accident Reporting System (ARS) <MMUCC elements

6 Vision PUnified Form <"non-reportables" <Investigated crashes <Commercial crashes P100% capture POverlay System PMMUCC/NGA elements Plectronic reporting PReal-time data access PPublic Access

7 Uniform Crash Report Project PFirst Step to automated system PConsultation with law enforcement over numerous drafts POverlay system with operator copies <"short form" capability <Copies for operators at scene <"Investigated" crash section PField Testing <Vermont State Police - Middlebury Barracks <Hartford Police Department <Norwich Police Department PTarget date for statewide use: Jan 1, 2002

8 Incident Number STAT OF VRMONT UNIFORM CRASH RPORT Reporting Agency Date Time H A City/Town Street Address TH# VT# US# I - O1 O2 B1 B2 O3 O4 Intersection with Distance (From Nearest Int. St) Feet Posted Speed O P R A T O R Miles Direction (From Nearest Int. St) N S W VHICL #1 Name: Last First M.I. Address City/Town State Zip Telephone Sex DOB Nearest Intersecting St or Landmark Coordinates Latitude Longitude License Restrictions State Seat Belt Mile Marker Class CDL P1 P2 I J K P3 C O W N R Same as Operator Name: Last First M.I. Address City/Town State Zip Tel. Insurance Co. Policy No. P4 D Q1 Q2 V H I C L Registration No. Type: 1. Pass Veh 2. Truck 3. Motorcycle Damage stimate Towed By Plate Type State VIN Vehicle Yr. Make Model None <$1000 $ Hood 10 Roof 11 Trunk 12 Undercarriage 13 Total st. Speed Direction of Travel N S W Comm Veh If yes, see Overlay 2 and Page 3 Q4 L Q5 Q3 F O P R A T O R VHICL #2 Name: Last First M.I. Address City/Town State Zip Telephone Sex DOB License Restrictions State Seat Belt Class CDL Q6 M S1 R1 O W N R Same as Operator Name: Last First M.I. Address City/Town State Zip Tel. Insurance Co. Policy No. S2 R2 G T1 T2 V H I C L Registration No. Plate Type Type: 1. Pass Veh 2. Truck 3. Motorcycle Damage stimate Towed By Non-vehicle Property Damage Owner Vehicle Yr. Make None <$1000 $1000+ Address State VIN Model Hood 10 Roof 11 Trunk 12 Undercarriage 13 Total st. Speed Direction of Travel N S W Phone Comm Veh If yes, see Overlay 2 and Page 3 N T5 T6 T3 Damage Description T7 T4 Other Persons and Witnesses Involved Name (For investigated crashes see Page 3.) Address Phone T8 Reporting Officer Date Approved Date

9 Incident Number Vehicle Number Carrier's Identification Numbers Commercial Vehicle US DOT ICC MC Interstate Carrier: State Name State Number Carrier's Name Carrier's Address City State Zip Source: Vehicle Side Shipping Papers Driver Vehicle Information Axles on Vehicle (Including Trailers) Gross Vehicle Wt Rating lbs or kg Length of Vehicle (Incl. Trailer) ft or meters Length of Trailer ft or meters Trailer License Number State Trailer Identification Number Hazardous Material Placard: Spill: Name or 4 Digit Number from Diamond or Box Non-commercial Trailer Vehicle 1 Year Make Model Plate No. State Small Number from Bottom Vehicle 2 Year Make Model Plate No. State Additional Operator Information Alcohol Test 1. None Given 2. Refused 3. Blood/Serum 4. Urine 5. Other 6. Breath Preliminary 7. Breath videntiary Vehicle 1 Test Result 0. Vehicle 2 Test Result 0. BAC BAC Drug Test 1. None Given 2. Refused 3. Blood/Serum 4. Urine 5. Other Veh 1 Drug Test Result 1. Marijuana 2. Cocaine 3. Opiate Veh 2 4. Amphetamine 5. PCP 6. Other Veh 1 Veh 2 Citations issued - Veh 1 Citations issued - Veh 2 Ticket # Violation Code Ticket # Violation Code MS Run number MS Agency Destination Hospital Operator and Other People Involved Name Veh # Type Sex Age Seat Injury jected Restr P/C-Act P/C-Loc CODS Type 1. Operator 2. Occupant 3. Pedestrian 4. Bicyclist 5. Unknown Seat Location Injury 1. Fatal 2. Injury - Incapacitating 3. Injury - Non-incapacitating 4. Possible Injury 5. No injury 6. Unknown jected 1. Not jected 2. Totally jected 3. Partially jected 4. Not Applicable 5. Unknown Pedestrian/Cyclist Codes on Overlay 1 Restraint 0. Unknown 1. None Used 2. Shoulder Belt Only 3. Lap Belt Only 4. Shoulder and Lap Belt 5. Child Safety Seat Used 6. Helmet Used - ye Protection 7. Helmet Used - No ye Prot. 8. Not Reported 9. Belt, Harness, Bag 10. Belt and Harness 11. Air Bag Only 12. Belt and Air Bag 13. Harness and Air Bag Page 3

10 Crash Narrative Incident Number Reporting Agency Officer's Signature Page 2

11 Incident Number Crash Diagram Indicate North by Arrow Page 4

12 nvironmental and Roadway Conditions 1 st 2nd A. Crash Type 1. Property Damage Only 2. Injury 3. Fatality B. Vehicle 1 Collided With 1. Pedestrian 2. MV in Traffic 3. MV Parked 4. RR Train 5. Pedalcycle 6. Deer 7. Moose 8. Other Wild Animal 9. Domestic Animal 10. Snowmobile 11. Other Movable Object C. Manner of Collision 1. Rear nd 2. Head On 3. Same Direction Sideswipe 4. Opp Direction Sideswipe 5. Rear-to-rear 6. Single Vehicle Crash 7. Other D. Direction of Collision NO TURNS 12. Overturned 13. Other, Non-collision 14. Guard Rail, Curb 15. Tree 16. Pole, Sign 17. Ledge, Boulder 18. Other Fixed Object 19. Moped 20. Motorcycle 21. Work Zone quipment 22. Unknown LFT & RIGHT TURN H. Road Characteristics 1. Not at a Junction 2. Four-way Intersection 3. T-intersection 4. Y-intersection 5. Traffic Circle / Roundabout 6. Five-point, or More 7. On Ramp 8. Off Ramp 9. Crossover 10. Driveway 11. Railway Grade Crossing 12. Shared-use Paths or Trails 13. Parking Lot 14. Unknown 15. Other I. Road Align 1. Straight 2. Slight Curve 3. Sharp Curve 4. Unknown J. Road Design 1. Up/Down Hill 2. Top of Hill 3. Bottom of Hill 4. Level 5. Unknown K. Road Type 1. Blacktop 2. Gravel 3. Dirt Trail 4. Concrete 5. Other 6. Unknown RIGHT TURNS LFT TURNS L. Surface Condition 1. Dry 2. Wet 3. Snow 4. Ice 5. Sand, Mud, Dirt, Oil, Gravel 6. Water (Standing, Moving) 7. Slush 8. Other 9. Not reported 10. Unknown F. Weather Conditions 1. Clear 2. Cloudy 3. Fog, Smog, Smoke 4. Rain 5. Sleet, Hail (Freezing Rain or Drizzle) 6. Snow 7. Severe Crosswinds 8. Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt, Snow 9. Other 10. Not Reported 11. Unknown G. Light 1. Daylight 2. Dawn 3. Dusk 4. Dark - Lighted Roadway 5. Dark - Roadway Not Lighted 6. Dark - Unknown Roadway Lighting 7. Other 8. Not Reported 9. Unknown. Traffic Control 1. No Control 2. Stop Signs on Cross St Only 3. Stop Signs on Mainline Only 4. All-way Stop Signs 5. All-way Flasher (Red on Cross Street) 6. All-way Flasher (Red on Mainline) 7. All-way Flasher (Red on All) 8. Yield Signs on Cross Street Only 9. Yield Signs on Mainline Only 10. Traffic Signal (Normal Operation) 11. Traffic Signal (Flashing) 12. Officer 13. Flagman 14. Other 15. Unknown Pedestrian/Cycle Action Codes (used on Page 3) 1. Improper crossing 6. Inattentive (talking, eating, etc.) 2. Darting 7. Failure to obey traffic signs, 3. Lying and/or illegally in roadway signals, or officer 4. Failure to yield right of way 8. Wrong side of road 5. Not visible (dark clothing) 9. Other 10. Unknown M. Contributing Road Conditions 1. None 2. Road Surface Condition (Wet, Icy, Snow, Slush, etc.) 3. Debris 4. Rut, Holes, Bumps 5. Work Zone (Construction/Maintenance/Utility) 6. Worn, Travel-polished Surface 7. Obstruction in Roadway 8. Traffic Control Device Inoperative, Missing, or Obscured 9. Shoulders (None, Low, Soft, High) 10. Non-highway Work 11. Other 12. Not Reported 13. Unknown Pedestrian/Cycle Location Codes (used on Page 3) 1. Marked Crosswalk at Intersection 9. Shoulder 2. At Intersection but No Crosswalk 10. Sidewalk 3. Non-intersection Crosswalk 11. Within 10 Feet of Roadway (but Not Shoulder, 4. Driveway Access Crosswalk Median, Sidewalk, or Island) 5. In Roadway 12. Beyond 10 Feet of Roadway (Within Trafficway) 6. Not in Roadway 13. Outside Trafficway 7. Median (but Not on Shoulder) 14. Shared-use Path or Trails 8. Island N. RR Crossing 1. Yes 2. No Overlay 1

13 Additional Operator Information Veh 1 Primary Secondary Veh 2 Primary Secondary O. Apparent Operator Condition 1. Apparently Normal 2. Physical Impairment 3. motional (e.g., Depressed, Angry, Disturbed) 4. Illness 5. Fell Asleep, Fainted, Fatigued, etc 6. Under the Influence of Medications/Drugs/Alcohol 7. Had Been Drinking 8. Other P. Contributing Circumstances - Driver 1. No Improper Driving 2. Failed to Yield Right of Way 3. Disregarded Traffic Signs, Signals, Road Markings 4. xceeded Authorized Speed Limit 5. Driving Too Fast for Conditions 6. Made an Improper Turn 7. Wrong Side or Wrong Way 8. Followed Too Closely 9. Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running Off Road 10. Operating Vehicle in rratic, Reckless, Careless, Negligent or Aggressive Manner 11. Swerving or Avoiding Due to Wind, Slippery Surface, Vehicle, Object, Non-motorist in Roadway, etc 12. Under the Influence of Medication/Drugs/Alcohol 13. Visibility Obstructed 14. Inattention 15. Distracted 16. Fatigued, Asleep 17. Operating Defective quipment 18. Other Improper Action 19. Distraction Caused by Technology 20. Unknown Operator 1 Operator 2 Additional Vehicle Information Veh 1 Veh 2 Q. Defective quipment 1. Brakes 7. ngine 2. Tires 8. Glass 3. Steering 9. Other 4. Front Lights 10. Unknown 5. Rear Lights 11. No defects 6. xhaust Veh 1 Veh 2 R. Vehicle Configuration 1. Bus (Seats 16 or More Including Driver) 2. Light Truck 3. Passenger Car 4. Bus (Seats 9 to 15 Including Driver) 5. Single Unit Truck: 2 Axle, 6 Tires 6. Single Unit Truck: 3 or More Axles 7. Truck/Trailer 8. Truck Tractor (Bobtail) 9. Tractor/Semi-trailer 10. Tractor/Doubles 11. Other 12. Unknown Heavy Truck 13. Any 4-tire Vehicle with Placard Commercial Vehicles Only S. Cargo Body Type 1. Bus (Seats 16 or More Including Driver) 2. Bus (Seats 9-15 Including Driver) 3. Van/nclosed Box 4. Cargo Tank 5. Flatbed/Stake Body 6. Dump 7. Concrete Mixer 8. Auto Transporter 9. Garbage/Refuse 10. Grain, Chips, Gravel 11. Pole 12. Not Applicable 13. Other Veh 1 Veh 2 Veh 1 vent 1 T. Sequence of vents Veh 2 vent 1 1. Ran off road 12. Collision involving pedacycle 2. Jackknife 13. Collision involving animal vent 2 3. Overturn (rollover) 14. Collision involving fixed object vent 2 4. Downhill runaway 15. Collision involving other movable object 5. Cargo loss or shift 16. Noncollision: Cross median/centerline vent 3 6. xplosion or fire 17. Noncollision: qipment failure (brake, tires, etc) vent 3 7. Separation of units 18. Noncollision: Other vent 4 8. Collision involving pedestrian 19. Noncollision: Unknown 9. Collision involving motor 20. Collision with work zone maintenance vent 4 vehicle in transport 10. Collision involving parked motor vehicle equipment 21. Collision with unknown movable object 22. Other 11. Collision involving train Overlay 2

14 lectronic Reporting Parameters and Plans PVermont Incident Based Reporting System (VIBRS) <Records management and CAD <Network infrastructure B92%+ agencies BWeb based direction PParameters <Integration with Public Safety systems <Minimized field support <Cost-effective technology <Long-term support costs

15 Current Plan PFour Models Reviewed <Centralized architecture <Web-based <Decentralized (local data storage) <Modify current system PWeb-based data capture <Browser at user end <Server at Public Safety <Govnet network or secure dial-in PLaw enforcement crash repository <Link to existing RMS <Open to Vtrans ARS database <Link to DMV driver improvement section

16 Interim Steps PAdopt new paper crash form <Field test results are highly positive <Little time to learn new form <ase of use reported PDevelop electronic version of form PIssue RFP for DPS system (early fall 2001) PLate 2002/early 2003 electronic reporting

17 Lessons Learned PLaw nforcement involvement is critical <Understand what is happening in the field for all department types <Integration of crash reporting with existing RMS PBroad participation by data users <Justification of elements collected <Linked elements - reduce need to collect through cooperation PPersistence! <Tradition, bureacracy, and funding obstacles

Maine Department Of Transportation - Traffic Engineering, Crash Records Section Crash Summary Report Report Selections and Input Parameters

Maine Department Of Transportation - Traffic Engineering, Crash Records Section Crash Summary Report Report Selections and Input Parameters REPORT SELECTIONS Crash Summary I - Single Node REPORT DESCRIPTION