Road Safety Audit Course Participant Guidebook. August 22 & 23, Cleveland Avenue Columbus, Ohio

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1 Road Safety Audit Course Participant Guidebook August 22 & 23, 2017 Cleveland Avenue Columbus, Ohio 1

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3 Table of Contents Executive Summary... 5 Cleveland Avenue City of Columbus... 6 Road Location Details... 7 Steps for Conducting a Road Safety Audit... 9 Funding Percentages for Improvements Ohio LTAP Center - Rural Roads Safety Audit Assistance Program Reviewer Field Documentation Possible Counter Measures FHWA 9 Proven Safety Counter Measurements General Counter Measures Annual Average Daily Traffic Crash Data Chart 1 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Severity Chart 2 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Year and Severity Chart 3 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Year Chart 4 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Day of the Week Chart 5 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Hour Chart 6 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Month Chart 7 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Crash Type 24 Chart 8 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Light Condition Chart 9 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Location Chart 10 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Road Condition Chart 11 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Animal Crashes Chart 12 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Work Zone Crashes

4 Chart 13 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Road Contour Chart 14 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Contributing Factor Chart 15 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Contributing Factor Chart 16 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Action Chart 17 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Action Chart 18 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Object Struck Chart 19 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Driver 1 Alcohol Chart 20 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Driver 2 Alcohol

5 Executive Summary The Ohio Department of Transportation s Safety Program, within the Office of Program Management, has partnered with the Ohio Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Center to educate Ohio s Local Public Agencies (LPAs) on the Road Safety Audit (RSA) process. During the summer of 2017, LTAP is partnering with various Municipal Planning Organizations (MPOs) and Rural Transportation Planning Organizations (RTPOs) to host the National Highway Institute (NHI) Road Safety Audits course in various locations throughout Ohio. These courses are being funded with a grant from the Ohio Department of Public Safety s Office of Traffic Safety (OTSO), and therefore participation is at no-cost for Ohio s transportation professionals. A key component of the RSA course is a field visit to perform an actual RSA. Based on crash data from 2011 through the present, the Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Commission (MORPC) has reviewed roads within and around the City of Columbus to identify a roadway where the Ohio LTAP Center may, in conjunction with Federal, State, and local transportation personnel, first responders, and consultants, conduct a Road Safety Audit (RSA) as a part of this Road Safety Audit course. For this session, the RSA will be conducted on a segment of Cleveland Avenue as described in this participant packet. Through the Road Safety Audit Course, participants will be able to experience the RSA process & terminology, perform a simple RSA, and assess the benefits of an RSA on a local and statewide basis. Participants will also be a part of an actual RSA on a roadway with a substantial crash history. Participants will be able to see the entire process and can then provide assistance within their own agency s area to transform their high crash roadways into safer roadways through an RSA. The guide for funding percentages is given on page 10 of this document. The recommendations for improvements made by the participants after conducting the RSA will then be submitted for possible funding by the Ohio Department of Transportation s Safety Program. 5

6 Cleveland Avenue City of Columbus (Note not all triangles could be shown due to the high number of 546) Image 1 Cleveland Avenue - GCAT 6

7 Road Location Details 7

8 Image 2 Cleveland Avenue Google Maps Cleveland Avenue between Huy Road and Elmore Avenue is listed as #8 in the Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Commission s (MORPC s) top 100 high crash locations for Central Ohio 1 for 2013 to At this location: The City of Columbus has roadway ownership From 2013 to 2015: o The crash frequency is 94 o Average Daily Traffic was 29,800 This location was rated #25 on the listing moving it up the rankings by 17 places LED signals and back plates were added in 2016 as part of a regional systematic safety improvement pilot project 1 8

9 Steps for Conducting a Road Safety Audit The following is an outline of the steps in which a multidisciplinary team will be following when completing a Road Safety Audit: 1. Preparation by all parties involved on the multidisciplinary team 2. Initial Meeting a. Discussion of why i. Local Public Agency (LPA) and others (LTAP, ODOT, Private Businesses, etc.) review qualifying roadways ii. Invited to be a part of multidisciplinary team iii. The RSA Process 1. Team reviews times 2. Equipment to be utilized 3. Resources/Subject Matter Experts that will be available b. Review of accident information per corridor c. Schedule coordination for RSA team physical reviews of locations d. Determination of meeting time to compile recommendations report (recommended to immediately follow physical reviews) 3. RSA Team Physical Reviews a. Conduct field inspection of the roads and determine if and/or what changes should be recommended to improve the roadway s safety b. Standard recommended visit times: (modify based on crash data) i. Morning peak travel time ii. Noon peak travel time iii. Afternoon peak travel time iv. Night peak travel time c. Complete the reviewer field documentation guide during the various physical reviews 4. Recommendations Meeting a. After the physical field reviews are completed, the team will meet to: i. Compile issues identified ii. Possible recommendations b. The team then ranks and prioritizes the recommendations so the information can be utilized by the LPA and other consultants in preparing a recommendations report and grant application for possible High Risk Rural Roads (HRRR) safety improvements funding through the ODOT Safety Program 9

10 Funding Percentages for Improvements The following items are eligible for 100% Federal Funding when approved as a part of a safety improvement project: Pavement Markings Installation of Traffic Signs Traffic Lights Guardrails Impact Attenuators Concrete Barrier End Treatments Breakaway Utility Poles Traffic Controlled Signalization Roundabouts Safety Rest Areas Commuter Carpooling and Vanpooling Rail-Highway Crossing Closure Priority Control Systems for Emergency/Transit Vehicles at Signalized Intersections All other approved safety improvements are eligible for funding at 90% Federal Funds with a 10% match by the LPA 10

11 Ohio LTAP Center - Rural Roads Safety Audit Assistance Program Reviewer Field Documentation Reviewer Name: Date: Road Name: To: From: Intersection or curve: Mile Marker: Speed Limit: Ball bank indicator reading: Observations general: 11

12 Observations: Weather: 12

13 Possible collision generators: (NOT all inclusive) Is signage missing? Is the signage faded? Is the signage retroreflective? Is the signage properly installed? Is there too much signage? Is additional signage needed? Is the signage visible? (unobstructed) Are the pavement markings visible? Are the pavement markings appropriate? Are the pavement markings retroreflective? Are there skid marks? What is the condition of roadway drainage? Is there overgrown brush along the roadway obstructing driver views? Is something causing a limited sight distance issue? Is the pavement condition impacting drivers on the roadway? Are curves properly signed? Are crossroads properly identified (signed)? Is the speed limit for a curve properly set? Is the proper type of curve sign being utilized? Could the curve benefit from chevrons? Are accidents occurring disproportionately when vehicles are attempting to turn? Is there sufficient lighting to highlight the roadway features? Or alternatively, are they properly marked with retroreflective signs and markings? Is there landscaping which is interfering with the sight distance? 13

14 Are guardrails used along the roadway? Are they needed? Are the signs on breakaway posts if within the crash zone? 14

15 Possible solutions: 15

16 Possible Counter Measures FHWA 9 Proven Safety Counter Measurements 1. Roundabouts 2. Corridor Access Management 3. Backplates with Retroreflective Borders 4. Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads 5. Enhanced Delineation and Friction for Horizontal Curves 6. Safety Edge 7. Medians and Pedestrian Crossing Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas 8. Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon 9. Road Diet General Counter Measures Remove vegetation and/or objects obstructing a road user s view Remove fixed objects in the clear zone Upgrade signage Upgrade pavement markings Turn lanes Relocate obstructions and/or fixed objects Create better turn radii Pedestrian crossings Bike lanes Raised pavement markings 16

17 Annual Average Daily Traffic Image 3 Cleveland Avenue Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) 17

18 Crash Data Frequency of Crashes by Severity 177, 34% Injury Crash 349, 66% Property Damage Crash Chart 1 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Severity 18

19 80 Frequency of Crashes by Year and Severity Injury Crash Property Damage Crash Chart 2 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Year and Severity 19

20 Frequency of Crashes by Year 37, 7% 77, 15% 92, 18% 91, 17% 70, 13% 79, 15% , 15% Chart 3 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Year 20

21 Frequency of Crashes by Day of the Week Friday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Saturday Sunday Chart 4 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Day of the Week 21

22 70 Frequency of Crashes by Hour Chart 5 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Hour 22

23 60 Frequency of Crashes by Month Chart 6 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Month 23

24 250 Frequency of Crashes by Type of Crash Other Non-Collision Unknown Animal Pedalcycles Fixed Object Backing Parked Vehicle Head On Sideswipe - Meeting Pedestrian Left Turn Sideswipe - Passing Rear End Angle Chart 7 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Crash Type 24

25 Frequency of Crashes by Light Condition 16, 3% 14, 3% 4, 1% 28, 5% 46, 9% Daylight Dark - Lighted Dark - No Lights Light Not Stated Dusk Dawn 418, 79% Chart 8 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Light Condition 25

26 250 Frequency of Crashes by Location Y-Intersection Unknown T-Intersection Driveway/Alley Access Four-Way Intersection Not An Intersection Chart 9 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Location 26

27 Frequency of Crashes by Road Condition 10, 2% 4, 1% 2, 0% 2, 0% 104, 20% 404, 77% Road - Dry Road - Wet Road - Snow Road - Ice Other Road Condition Road Condition Not Stated Chart 10 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Road Condition 27

28 600 Frequency of Animal Crashes Animal Not Stated Other Animal Deer Hit Chart 11 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Animal Crashes 28

29 Frequency of Work Zone Crashes 526, 100% Unknown or Not in Work Zone Chart 12 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Work Zone Crashes 29

30 Frequency of Crashes by Road Contour 44, 8% 2, 1% Straight - Level Straight - Grade Contour Not Stated 480, 91% Chart 13 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Road Contour 30

31 Frequency of Crashes by Contributing Factor 1 Ran Stop Sign Other Non-Motorist Operating Defective Equipment Inattentive None Non-Motorist Unsafe Speed Load Shifting/Falling/Spilling Operating Vehicle In Negligent Failure To Yield Right Of Way Improper Backing Left Of Center Other Improper Action Improper Crossing Failure To Control Ran Red Light None Improper Turn Improper Lane Unknown Followed Too Closely/ACDA Failure To Yield Chart 14 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Contributing Factor 1 (None means no factor was listed on the crash report) 31

32 Frequency of Crashes by Contributing Factor 2 Ran Red Light Improper Crossing Improper Backing Stopped Or Parked Illegally Improper Turn Improper Start From Parked Position Followed To Closely/ACDA Other Improper Action Failure To Yield None Non-Motorist Unknown None Chart 15 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Contributing Factor 2 (None or blank means no factor was listed on the crash report) 32

33 Walking, Running, Jogging, Playing, Cycling Entering Or Crossing Specified Location Frequency of Crashes by Action 1 Leaving Traffic Lane Other Motorist Action Other Non-Motorist Action Backing Overtaking/Passing Slowing Or Stopped In Traffic Changing Lanes Unknown Making Right Turn Entering Traffic Lane Making Left Turn Straight Ahead Chart 16 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Action 1 33

34 Overtaking/Passing Other Motorist Action Changing Lanes Backing Walking, Running, Jogging, Playing, Cycling Parked Entering Traffic Lane Frequency of Crashes by Action 2 Entering Or Crossing Specified Location Unknown Making Right Turn Making Left Turn Slowing Or Stopped In Traffic Straight Ahead Chart 17 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Action 2 34

35 600 Frequency of Crashes by Object Struck Total Chart 18 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Object Struck 1 35

36 7, 1% 1, 0% Driver 1 Alcohol 1, 0% 68, 13% None 0 Yes - Alcohol Suspected 449, 86% Yes - Alcohol And Drugs Suspected Yes - HBD Not Impaired Chart 19 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Driver 1 Alcohol Driver 2 Alcohol 13, 10, 1, 3% 2% 0% None 502, 95% 0 Yes - Alcohol Suspected Chart 20 Cleveland Avenue - City of Columbus Frequency of Crashes by Driver 2 Alcohol 36