Chapter 10 Fluid Power Pneumatics (gas) & Hydraulics (liquid)
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1 Chapter 10 Fluid Power Pneumatics (gas) & Hydraulics (liquid) Use the Textbook Pages to help answer the questions
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3 Why You Learn So Well in Tech & Engineering Classes
4 1. Fluid power systems use the energy found in & to perform work. Pg. 227 Liquids & Gases Liquids & Solids Solids & Gases
5 2. systems control & transmit energy through the use of oils & liquids similar to oils. Pg. 228 Pneumatic Hydraulic Vacuum
6 3. systems control & transmit energy through the use of gases from our atmosphere. Pg CYL.gif Pneumatic Hydraulic Vacuum
7 4. The big advantage of fluid power is its ability to to generate strength. Pg. 229 Multiply Torque Multiply Force Multiply Distance
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9 5. Fluids (liquids & gases) will flow from an area of pressure to an area of pressure. Pg. 230 More to Less High to Low
10 6. A pressure measures the difference in the pressure within a fluid circuit as compared to the surrounding atmospheric pressure. (14.7 psi at sea level) (GHS is 794 ft. above sea level) Pg. 231 Gauge Wrench Valve
11 7. A is a device that measures the rate of flow in a fluid power system. Pg. 231 Slow meter Flow meter Grow meter
12 8. Flow rate in a pneumatic system is expressed in per (CFM). Cubic Feet per Hour Cubic Feet per Second Cubic Feet per Minute Pg. 231
13 9. Flow rate in a hydraulic system is expressed in per (GPM). Gallons per Hour Gallons per Minute Gallons per Second Pg. 231
14 10. is the measurement of a fluids resistance to flow or internal friction. Pg. 232 Viscosity Velocity Volumetric
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18 11. Hydraulic supply & transmit the pressure needed to operate a hydraulic power system. Pg. 233 Pumps Motors Gauges
19 12. Pumps can be either displacement or displacement. Pg. 234 Positive or Non Positive
20 13. Name the types of pumps pictured below. Pg. 236 Centrifugal Gear Vane or Piston
21 14. The pump in a pneumatic system is the. Air Compressor Air Depressor Air Regressor Pg. 236
22 15. Compressors are often mounted on a tank or that stores a large volume of air. Reservoir Box Shed Pg. 236 & 237
23 16. couplers fasten air hoses & pneumatic tools to the lines in a shop. Slow Quick Handy
24 17. To prevent dirt & from entering a pneumatic system, the air is filtered & dried. Pg. 238 Moisture Air Gasoline
25 18. A variable restrictor can start or stop the flow of air in a pneumatic system. Pg. 238 Variable Flow Restrictor Flow Air Gasoline
26 19. A pressure valve controls pressure coming from the compressor. Pg. 239 Regulating Relief Restrictor
27 20. A pressure valve is placed in a pneumatic system to limit the maximum pressure. (a.k.a. burp off valve) Pg. 239 Regulating Relief Restrictor
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29 21. Directional control valves are often called valves because of the way they are constructed. Pg. 239 Spool School Stool
30 22. Actuators, like those below can be either acting or acting cylinders. Single or Double Pg. 244
31 23. Fluid are devices that convert fluid power into rotary motion. (Vane type & Gear type) Motors Pumps Gauges Pg. 244
32 Safety rules to follow when working with any fluid power system are: * Always adjust pressure relief valves to provide a safe OPERATING pressure. * Always wear SAFETY glasses or a face shield to protect your eyes. * Make necessary changes and adjustments to fluid circuits when they are NOT under pressure. * Always respect the PRESSURE in fluid circuits & the SPEED at which cylinders can move. Pg. 246
33 25. Boyle s Laws remind us that liquids are not, but gases are. Flammable Compressible Sensible Pg. 246
34 70 PSI 324 PSI 8 Cubic Feet 2 Cubic Feet
35 26. Pascal s Laws mathematically relate,, and in hydraulic circuits Force, Pressure, Area Volts, Amps, Ohms Rate, Distance, Time Pg. 248
36 Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know TOP CRISS Main Ideas 2 Column Notes Supporting Details Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
37 Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know TOP CRISS Highlight Your Study Guides Before Tests Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
38 Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know TOP CRISS Read 3 Times Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
39 Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know TOP CRISS Ask Yourself These Questions Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests
40 Hydraulics: Use oil & other liquids to transmit force and to multiply force Pneumatics: Use compressed air, nitrogen, and other gases to transmit force and to multiply force Liquids & Gases both flow from high to low pressures A pressure gauge measures system pressure A flowmeter measures the rate of flow CFM or GPM Viscosity: Resistance of a liquid to flow (thickness)
41 Pumps: Supply a volume of flow Restrictions: Cause the pressure The pump in a pneumatic system is the air compressor Reservoirs hold a volume of fluid in both hydraulic & pneumatic systems Quick Connect fittings are used in both pneumatic & hydraulic systems Air must be conditioned by filtering & drying it
42 Always adjust pressure relief valves to provide a safe operating pressure. Always wear safety glasses or a face shield to protect your eyes. Make necessary changes and adjustments to fluid circuits when they are not under pressure. Always respect the pressure in fluid circuits and respect the speed at which cylinders can move.
43 Boyle s Law Boyle's Law relates the volume and pressure of an ideal gas held at a constant temperature. Robert Boyle (25 January December 1691) was an Anglo Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, inventor, and early gentleman scientist, noted for his work in physics and chemistry. He is best known for the formulation of Boyle's law. Although his research and personal philosophy clearly has its roots in the alchemical tradition, he is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry. He is very famous in the science world for being the first scientist that kept accurate experiment logs. Among his works, The Sceptical Chymist is seen as a cornerstone book in the field of chemistry.
44 Pascal's Law states that if you apply pressure to fluids that are confined (or can't flow to anywhere), the fluids will then transmit (or send out) that same pressure in all directions at the same rate. 10,000# 40,000# 1000 PSI 10 Square Inches 40 Square Inches
45 Pascal s Law Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Pascal's Law states that if you apply pressure to fluids that are confined (or can't flow to anywhere), the fluids will then transmit (or send out) that same pressure in all directions at the same rate. Blaise Pascal (pronounced [blez pɑskɑl]), (June 19, 1623 August 19, 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, and religious philosopher. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father. Pascal's earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the construction of mechanical calculators, the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalizing the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote powerfully in defense of the scientific method. He was a mathematician of the first order. Pascal helped create two major new areas of research. He wrote a significant treatise on the subject of projective geometry at the age of sixteen and corresponded with Pierre de Fermat from 1654 and later on probability theory, strongly influencing the development of modern economics and social science. Following a mystical experience in late 1654, he abandoned his scientific work and devoted himself to philosophy and theology.
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53 Input Force Output Force 18 In 2 Piston Area 2 In 2 Piston Area 9:1 Mechanical Advantage
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