Reading a PRC Performance Registration Certificate documents ownership and genetic merit of animals registered through the American Angus Association.

Transcription

1 Readig a PRC Performace Registratio Certificate documets owership ad geetic merit of aimals registered through the America Agus Associatio. by Shaua Rose Hermel, editor, & Toya Ame & Chris Stallo, America Agus Associatio O e of the corerstoes for recordkeepig i a registered-agus herd is the Performace Registratio Certificate, or PRC. This documet summarizes some of the most pertiet iformatio available o a aimal icludig details of owership, pedigree, performace, geetic coditios ad geetic merit as well as performace iformatio o the aimal s parets ad progey. The PRC is the ower s certificate of autheticity, if you will, that the aimal is ideed registered through the America Agus Associatio, says Da Moser, presidet of Agus Geetics Ic. (AGI), otig that there are a lot of black cattle that are udocumeted ad ukow. For owers, it represets the fruit of their efforts i collectig weights ad measures ad submittig the data to Agus Herd Improvemet Records (AHIR ) to be icluded i atioal cattle evaluatio by the America Agus Associatio. While the most effective selectio is based o EPDs (expected progey differeces), there is beefit to documetig the iformatio that wet ito compilig the EPDs, says Moser, otig that the PRC cotais more of that backgroud iformatio i the form of ratios, cotemporary group size, etc. Ultimately, EPDs ad geomic equatios deped o the data that go ito the formulatio, so documetig complete data reportig is importat. Commerce of ay type ultimately depeds o documetatio of a product i terms of its value, source ad origi. That s what the PRC is for a Agus bull, says Moser, explaiig the documet describes the aimal s relatio to its acestors ad documets its ow performace, that of its acestors, ad ultimately, its progey. The iformatio here is the biggest driver of the value of the aimal, Moser says. There are pheotypic thigs that are ot reflected here, but we re i a highly datadrive ecoomy ad the relative value of aimals compared to others is i large part documeted here. For the buyer, it provides a ubiased source of iformatio comig straight from the Associatio, says Moser. There s o marketig ifluece here; this is the real deal. At first glace the PRC may seem a bit complicated; however, closer examiatio with a little study provides some valuable iformatio. Let s go through the documet sectio by sectio. CA DD M Cotractural arachodactyly Developmetal duplicatio t mutatio for double musclig NH Neuropathic hydrocephalus D PRKG gee mutatio for dwarfism DM Double musclig DW Dwarfism RD Red gee WT Wild-type color gee HG Hor gee HI Heterochromia irides OS Osteopetrosis SN Sydactyly Header sectio The top portio of the PRC deals with pertiet iformatio such as ame, registratio umber, sex, tattoo, breeder ad first ower. The breeder is the Associatio member who owed the dam at the time the aimal was coceived. The first ower is the perso who was the dam s ower of record whe the calf was bor. The followig sigle letter descriptors appearig after a geetic coditio code have the followig P refers to a potetial carrier based o a acestor kow to carry that specific F refersto a aimal tested for oe or more geetic coditios ad determied to be free of that specific C refers to a aimal tested for oe or more geetic coditios ad determied to be a carrier of that specific A refers to a aimal tested for oe or more geetic coditios ad determied to be homozygous for (i.e., possesses two copies of) that specific mutatio. It may or may ot exhibit the pheotype associated with that geetic coditio. Paretage/geomic iformatio This area provides iformatio about what paretage ad/or geomic tests have bee performed o the aimal. If paretage has bee verified, the paper will specify whether by blood type; microsatellite markers; or, the most recet techology, sigle-ucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). DNA evaluatios icluded i the America Agus Associatio Natioal Cattle Evaluatio (NCE) to provide geomicehaced expected progey differeces (GE-EPDs) have evolved over time. If a aimal has bee DNA-tested, the paper will idicate which test was performed the origial Igeity test (IG); the Igeity test (IG); the high-desity test offered by Zoetis, formerly Pfizer (PF0); or the highdesity test offered by GeeSeek (GGPHD). The followig letter desigatios describe cases i which there is more tha oe geetic coditio preset: XF Free of more tha oe geetic coditio XC Carrier of more tha oe geetic coditio XA Affected by more tha oe geetic coditio RTF Recessive-trait free (produced or more calves from daughters without a observed geetic defect) Keys to Success Recordkeepig ANGUSJoural November 0 Geetic coditios If a aimal is a potetial carrier of a geetic coditio or if it has bee tested to determie its status for a particular coditio, that iformatio will be coveyed immediately below the aimal s registratio umber at the top of the PRC. The America Agus Associatio curretly recogizes the followig geetic coditios: AM Arthrogryposis multiplex The geetic-coditio codes ad descriptors reflect the available, reported geetic-coditio status of the aimal at the time the PRC was prited. The Associatio does ot warrat or guaratee that ay

2 Fig. a: Workig example of frot side of a PRC Processed Date //0 CONTINUED ON PAGE November 0 ANGUSJoural

3 Readig a PRC CONTINUED FROM PAGE Fig. b: Workig example of back side of a PRC ANGUSJoural November 0

4 aimal is free of all geetic coditios, whether coded or ot coded. Avoidace of matig carrier aimals with the same geetic coditio is a essetial compoet of maagig the icidece of geetic coditios, as is the strategic use of DNA testig. to trasmit birth weight to his progey compared to that of Weaig Weight EPD (WW), expressed i pouds, is a predictor of a sire s ability to trasmit weaig growth to his progey compared to that of Yearlig Weight EPD (YW), expressed i pouds, is a predictor of a sire s ability trasmit yearlig growth to his progey to compared to that of Residual Average Daily Gai (RADG), expressed i pouds per day, is a predictor of a sire s geetic ability for postweaig gai i future progey compared to that of other sires, give a costat amout of feed cosumed. Yearlig Height EPD (YH) is a predictor of a sire s ability to trasmit yearlig height, expressed i iches, compared to that of Scrotal Circumferece EPD (SC), expressed i cetimeters, is a predictor of the differece i trasmittig ability for scrotal size compared to that of Docility (Doc) is expressed as a differece i yearlig cattle temperamet, with a higher value idicatig more favorable docility. It predicts the average differece of progey from a sire i compariso with aother sire s calves. I herds where temperamet problems are ot a issue, this expected differece would ot be realized. EPD sectio This sectio of the PRC documets the expected progey differeces ad dollar value idexes for the aimal, its sire ad its dam as established through NCE. To review, let s use the descriptios published i the Sire Evaluatio Report as to what some of these terms ad acroyms mea. EPD is the predictio of how future progey of each aimal are expected to perform relative to the progey of other aimals listed i the database. EPDs are expressed i uits of measure for the trait, plus or mius. Iterim EPDs may appear for youg aimals whe their performace has yet to be icorporated ito NCE procedures. This EPD will be preceded by a I ad may or may ot iclude the aimal s ow performace record for a particular trait, depedig o its availability, appropriate cotemporary groupig, or data edits eeded for NCE. EPDs are ehaced by geomic results geerated by GeeSeek ad Zoetis. Accuracy (ACC) is the reliability that ca be placed o the EPD. A accuracy of close to.0 idicates higher reliability. Accuracy is affected by the umber of progey, acestral records icluded i the aalysis, ad geomic test results. $Values are multi-trait selectio idexes, expressed i dollars per head, to assist beef producers by addig simplicity to geetic selectio decisios. The $Value is a estimate of how future progey of each sire are expected to perform, o average, compared to progey of other sires i the database if the sires were radomly mated to cows ad if calves were exposed to the same eviromet. EPDs offered by the America Agus Associatio for productio traits iclude: Calvig Ease Direct (CED) is expressed as a differece i percetage of uassisted births, with a higher value idicatig greater calvig ease i first-calf heifers. It predicts the average differece i ease with which a sire s calves will be bor whe he is bred to firstcalf heifers. Birth Weight EPD (BW), expressed i pouds, is a predictor of a sire s ability EPDs ad $Values offered by the America Agus Associatio for materal traits iclude: Heifer Pregacy (HP) is a selectio tool to icrease the probability or chace of a sire s daughters becomig pregat as first-calf heifers durig a ormal breedig seaso. A higher EPD is more favorable, ad the EPD is reported i percetage uits. Calvig Ease Materal (CEM) is expressed as a differece i percetage of uassisted births with a higher value idicatig greater calvig ease i first-calf daughters. It predicts the average ease with which a sire s daughters will calve as first-calf heifers whe compared to daughters of other sires. Materal Milk EPD (Milk) is a predictor of a sire s geetic merit for milk ad motherig ability as expressed i his daughters compared to daughters of other sires. I other words, it is that part of a calf s weaig weight attributed to milk ad motherig ability. Mature Weight EPD (MW), expressed i pouds, is a predictor of the differece i mature weight of daughters of a sire compared to the daughters of Mature Height EPD (MH), expressed i iches, is a predictor of the differece i mature height of a sire s daughters compared to daughters of Cow Eergy Value ($EN), expressed i dollar savigs per cow per year, assesses differeces i cow eergy requiremets as a expected dollar savigs differece i daughters of sires. A larger value is more favorable whe comparig two aimals (more dollars saved o feed eergy expeses). Compoets for computig the cow $EN savigs differece iclude lactatio eergy requiremets ad eergy costs associated with differeces i mature cow size. EPDs offered by the America Agus Associatio for carcass traits iclude: Carcass Weight EPD (CW), expressed i pouds is a predictor of the differeces i hot carcass weight of a sire s progey compared to progey of Marblig EPD (Marb), expressed as a fractio of the differece i USDA marblig score, is a predictor of the differece i marblig score of a sire s progey compared to progey of Ribeye Area EPD (RE), expressed i square iches, is a predictor of the differece i ribeye area of a sire s progey compared to progey of Fat Thickess EPD (Fat), expressed i iches, is a predictor of the differeces i exteral fat thickess at the th rib (as measured betwee the th ad th ribs) of a sire s progey compared to progey of Group/progey (C Grp/ Pg ad U Grp/ Pg) reflect the umber of cotemporary groups ad the umber of carcass ad ultrasoud progey icluded i the aalysis. $Value idexes are multi-trait selectio idexes, expressed i dollars per head, to assist beef producers by addig simplicity to geetic selectio decisios. The $Value is a estimate of how future progey of each sire are expected to perform, o average, compared to progey of other sires i the database if the sires were radomly mated to cows ad if calves were exposed to the same eviromet. $Value idexes offered by the America Agus Associatio iclude: Weaed Calf Value ($W) is the expected average differece i future progey performace for preweaig merit. $W icludes both reveue ad cost adjustmets CONTINUED ON PAGE November 0 ANGUSJoural

5 Readig a PRC CONTINUED FROM PAGE associated with differeces i birth weight, weaig direct growth, materal milk ad mature cow size. Feedlot Value ($F) is the expected average differece i future progey performace for postweaig merit compared to progey of Grid Value ($G) is the expected average progey performace for differece i future carcass grid merit compared to progey of Quality Grade ($QG) represets the quality-grade segmet of the ecoomic advatage foud i $G. $QG is iteded for the specialized user watig to place more emphasis o improvig quality grade. The carcass marblig (Marb) EPD cotributes to $QG. Yield Grade ($YG) represets the yieldgrade segmet of the ecoomic advatage foud i $G. $YG is iteded for the specialized user watig to place more emphasis o red-meat yield. It provides a multi-trait approach to ecompass ribeye, fat thickess ad weight ito a ecoomic value for red meatyield. Beef Value ($B) is the expected average differece i future progey performace for postweaig ad carcass value compared to progey of More details about $Values ca be foud at the idividual ad their respective records. Sire The productio ad materal sectios of the third lie reflect records of the sire s progey. Dam The productio ad materal sectios of the last lie reflect records of the dam s progey. Pedigree sectio This sectio reveals the aimal s threegeeratio pedigree. Symbols are used with a registratio umber to idicate specific iformatio about a aimal. Embryo trasfer (ET) aimals will show a plus sig (+) before the registratio umber. A % symbol idicates a ET calf derived from a split embryo, while symbol idicates a ET cloe. A cell cloe is idicated by a caret (^). A poud sig (#) before the registratio umber idicates the aimal is a Pathfider Sire or a Pathfider Dam. Aual listigs of Pathfiders ad the related requiremets ca be foud at PathfiderIfo.aspx. Ower/service sire sectio This sectio lists the ame of the recorded ower, their member umber ad the date of sale. If the aimal is owed by multiple owers, that will be oted alog with the umber of owers. If the PRC is for a cow ad the cow has bee bred (or the cow is sold ope) the iformatio will prit i this of the PRC. The service dates ad the sectio registratio umber ad ame of the service bull are listed i this sectio. The umber of times this aimal has bee trasferred is also prited i this sectio. See Fig. below. completely ad mail the completed form to the America Agus Associatio with proper paymet to complete the trasfer. The first lie is for the seller s sigature (or a authorized aget s sigature) ad member code authorizig the trasfer of owership o AAA s records. The sale date reflects the date the chage i owership occurred followed by a check box idicatig whether or ot the seller is retaiig a iterest i the aimal. The ext sectio allows for the trasfer of owership to up to three buyers. Associatio rules allow up to three owers, ad the PRC does ot reflect percetage owership. Breedig records (service) must be reported o all females over days of age or the female is recorded as ot bred (ope). Use the checkbox to idicate the female is ope. This sectio allows up to six service records to be reported o a trasfer of owership. The services may be AI service date(s) or atural exposure date(s) to bull(s). If a female is sold with a AI Breedig Privilege to oe of the seller s bulls, the check box eeds to be checked. Whe a female is serviced by atural service to a bull ot owed by the seller of the female, this bull permit (allowig registratio of the resultig calf), should be siged by the ower of the service sire. Prit date Just below the EPD/$Value block is a prit date. This is the date of the most recet NCE from which the EPDs were calculated at the time the paper was prited. Productio Numbers Above the pedigree is a table that cotais performace data o the idividual ad its sire ad dam. Id The first lie is the idividual iformatio o the aimal. For example, this bull was calved uassisted (calvig-ease score of ). He had a birth weight ratio of (% heavier tha the average of the hisgroup). His weaig calves i ratio was (compared to the same group of calves). His yearlig ratio was ; however, oly of the calves i his weaig group were kept to yearlig age i his maagemet group. Prog The productio ad ultrasoud sectios of the secod lie reflect the performace of the idividual s progey. I the calvig-ease colums, oly records from first-calf heifers are used. The materal sectio deals with daughters of Bottom sectio At the bottom of the PRC, the date represets the date the listed owership was processed i the Associatio database. It is accompaied by the file umber of the office trasactio recordig the owership ad the barcode of the aimal s registratio umber. ANGUSJoural November 0 Trasfer sectio This sectio provides space to trasfer the aimal to a buyer. Fill out this sectio Geetic code sectio This block lists geetic coditios ad descriptors that, whe applicable, will be at the ed of the registratio umber of the aimal (ad uder the registratio umber i sectio ) ad each aimal i the pedigree. For more iformatio about registerig ad trasferrig Agus cattle, visit the Maagemet tab of the Associatio s website, Editor s Note: The core explaatios of the PRC were compiled i committee ad is available o the Associatio s website, Both o the committee, Toya Ame is geetic services director ad Chris Stallo is vice presidet of operatios for the America Agus Associatio. Fig. : Illustrated example of ower/service sire sectio SERVICE DATE BULL NO. SERVICE BULL NAME TRF. NO. 0//0 0//0 0//0 0//0 0//0 Need AI Cert. -//0 -//0 -//0 -//0 0//0 0//0 -//0 -//0