Transportation for the Future

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1 Transportation for the Future 1 George Wentz, PE Principal/Vice President Dave Zelenok, PE Local Gov t Services Manager APWA PWX Minneapolis, MN August

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3 TODAY s DISCUSSION 3 Learn benefits of state-of-the-art traffic and transportation engineering techniques, and new urban planning concepts: New ways of creating and running large cities Reduced traffic volumes/speeds & traffic calming measures Improving a sense of community Enhanced neighborhood & pedestrian safety Traditional neighborhood and smart growth designs Transit-oriented development Emerging technologies - broadband, street lights, Smart Cities, Smart Vehicles, Sensors

4 TRUE or - FALSE 4 While many cities to grow by adding population No new, large cities are being formed. FALSE!! Many large cities are growing by consolidating New cities are forming from counties Often under a contract model - California, Georgia and Colorado

5 New: Mega Cities - Auckland 5 Suburbs Growing -BUT - Cities are CONSOLIDATING

6 Mega Cities 6 Housing Booms Downtown More JOBS in Suburbs Daily Commuting IS REVERSING Fatal Accidents Up 20% ADTs are DROPPING Single Family Houses <50%

7 New, LARGE Cities are Forming Jurupa Valley, CA (pop. 99,500, Est. 2011) 7 11 City Employees (Ontario/Riverside Area) 52 Total Employees

8 Jurupa Valley, CA Congestion Problems & Multi-Modal Transportation 8

9 CALIF Contract Cities Association Public Works/Engineering Staff Augmentation by Contract Q: Telecommuting (?) 9 On-Site Staff Augmentation JURUPA VALLEY - Services Include: Design / Project Management Permit Processing NPDES Compliance Construction Entitlement Review Program Management Management CIP Management Traffic Engineering Public Works Operations & Maintenance Inspection Grant Funding

10 Littleton & Highlands Ranch City of Centennial 10 Aurora 15 MILES Incorporated February 7, 2001 Pop 104,000 Typical Employee Count ~ 1,200 / Actual ~ 54

11 P2s and P3s and contracts in Centennial 11 Development Plan Review 2008 Reverted to City Staff Fire Districts Parks Districts Stormwater Districts Law enforcement County Sheriff Building Inspection Animal Services Sales Tax Collection Licensing CIP Management Water & Sewer Districts ~20

12 Public Works Traffic Engineering Street Maintenance 12 City Engineering

13 New Urbanism Illustrations The Streets at SouthGlenn Centennial, Colorado 2 - Belmar Lakewood, Colorado 3 - Lowell Neighborhood Colorado Springs

14 SouthGlenn Mall Demolition 14

15 Design Concept The Streets at Southglenn 15

16 Macy s 16

17 The Portola (luxury apartments) 17

18 Streets at SouthGlenn 18

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20 20 Residential Lofts Above Retail Formerly in the Mall Below

21 Learn the Lingo 21

22 Lowell Neighborhood, CO 22 6 Row houses 4-Granny Flats 3-Flats Police HQ 5 Sr. Apts. 1-School 2-Mixed Use

23 v 100- year old Lowell School 23

24 Conceived as a new Urban Village 24

25 Mixed Use - residential lofts and commercial 25

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27 Downtown Residential Community: Flats Note Reduced Street Width 27

28 Duplex Units over 2-car garages Granny Flats 28

29 Traditional Neighborhood Design 29

30 Traditional Neighborhood Design 30 4,000 ft 2 lots, vs 6,000 8,000 ft 2 Minimal Front Yards and Porches On-street parking, often one way Reduced street widths (20 curb-to-curb) and infrastructure.per unit Increased density, infrastructure and traffic volumes per acre.minimal setbacks (15-20 ft) Increased prices

31 Traditional Neighborhood Design Single Family As Built 31

32 Minimal setbacks Small yards Wider sidewalks 32 Note Steps from porch to sidewalk

33 Alleys are back with garages 33

34 34 Enclaves in typical sub-urban settings some with both only on-street parking on narrow streets in front and no garages

35 Forget the Classic 2-car garage Now Tandem 2-car garages 35 Note

36 Front Porches Facing Common Area 36

37 37 Cheyenne Mountain Front Porches Facing Sides of Neighbors, No Streets in Sight

38 The Corner Lot of the Future? 38

39 Speaking ` of Streets Note: on-street parking, width and setbacks 39 Q: Low budget construction Affordable Housing or - Traffic Calming (?)

40 Plenty of Free Parking 28 Signs 156 proposed NO PARKING 40 NO PARKING ON NO PARKING NO PARKING NO PARKING NO PARKING NO PARKING NO PARKING

41 Short driveways, No sidewalks 41 Mixing Pedestrians and autos on narrow streets

42 Minimal Setbacks but accessibility issues for disabled (?) Now VISIT-a- bility 42

43 TND s Next Generation Co-Housing 43

44 lots of Common Space 44

45 Where wide boulevards aka, STREETS Are relics of the past More - traffic calming 45

46 Common House 46

47 The Stats 47 4 Acres 34 units Cost - $350K ($100K over median) Size: 2,000 3,000 SF (Cost/SF 2x) Garages - $10K / space, Carports - $6K 1.5 spaces per unit Association dues - $190 / month Dining Voluntary Sold out Minimal infrastructure Good for Public Works

48 Co-Housing Summary 48 Approximately 160 Existing Projects 130 Co-Housing Projects under development 36 US States/ Canadian provinces Some Senior Only Co-Housing Projects Cohousing Association:

49 Emerging Trends 49 Median Size: SHRINKING ~ 4,000 SF to 3,000 SF Mostly Enclaves, But - often lacking continuity with: Other neighborhoods and schools Employment centers Mass transit Affordability Still automobile-centric Still in typical suburban settings

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51 Smart Growth Just - WHAT IS IT? A profound change in community planning, A flash in the pan, or A wolf in sheep s clothing (?) 51 Q: Who s in favor of Smart Growth?? A: Seemingly - EVERYBODY. Pro Growth Interests (Developers, Speculators, Financiers, etc.) Anti - Growth Interests (Neighborhoods, etc.) Downtown Interest Groups (Proponents of stadiums, CBD s, etc.) Environmental Groups So. Who is opposed to Smart Growth?

Common Tenets of Smart Growth Mom and Apple Pie 52 Preservation of open space, resources and habitat Comprehensive planning New town centers, transportation hubs, compact/infill

52 Common Tenets of Smart Growth Mom and Apple Pie 52 Preservation of open space, resources and habitat Comprehensive planning New town centers, transportation hubs, compact/infill development Traditional/urban neighborhoods Governmental partnerships city / county / state / federal school district/ utilities private sector Sense of place & community Co-Housing Development

53 Common Tenets of Smart Growth, con t. 53 not so fast Higher density and infill Opposition from existing neighborhood groups Affordable Housing Opposition from existing neighborhood groups Mixed income neighborhoods Downtown Vitality Opposition from suburban developers Regionalism coordination among governments Consolidation of local governments (Toronto) Agricultural products subsidies Open space preservation

54 Transit-Oriented Development Denver Light Rail Stations - Centennial, CO 54

55 Ped Bridges Over Major Highways Help BUT HOW DO YOU DO THE LAST ½ MILE? 55

56 TRAFFIC CALMING First Define the Problem 56 Accidents? Volumes? Speeding?

57 Cut-Through Traffic Usually VOLUMES + SPEEDS 57 Causes include: Bad Planning Good Planning New Developments Cut-thru from arterials Obstacles at outlets

58 Initial FAILED Traffic Calming Efforts 1 - Humps 2 - Roundabouts Narrowing 4 - Cops & Tickets

59 Initial Traffic Calming Efforts HUMP 59

60 Initial Traffic Calming Efforts 60 Let s try a whole buncha STOP SIGNS! STOP STOP STOP

61 Initial Traffic Calming Efforts OR - what KIND of GATE? 61

62 Initial Traffic Calming Efforts 62 Or, - how about a TRAFFIC CIRCLE WITH some STOP SIGNS?

63 Signs & Markings 63 Let s try PAINT! Quick response Perhaps 2-3 mph reduction City-wide now

Lessons Learned Bike Lane Cover-up Parking vs Bikes August 2012 64 You have wasted money

I will continue to drive on "my side" of Telluride Street, which will probably involve

64 Lessons Learned Bike Lane Cover-up Parking vs Bikes August You have wasted money on striping a street and have created a danger to the neighborhood. I will continue to drive on "my side" of Telluride Street, which will probably involve driving into the bicycle lane. When we bicycle, we will bike in the safe lane, which is now the parking lane.

65 Example: Fox Ridge 65 Perceived Problem: Neighborhood concerns: Speeding, High volumes Geometry: curve + hill Prone to icing Cost estimate: $200,000

66 The Solution: 66 Added Bike lanes Installed two speed signs Retimed the signal, dedicated RT lane COST: $35,000

67 Neighborhood Traffic Management Program Meetings, Meetings, More Meetings Calming Our Streets A Handbook on Traffic Calming for Existing Neighborhoods 67 City of Colorado Springs Traffic Engineering October 1998

68 Signs and Media 68

69 69 Close to 500 households returned pledge 10 Speed Zone Signs remain in place. No measurable decrease in speed. (85 %ile of 26mph at test site). Residents very pleased with results. Traffic complaints in area dropped considerably.

Strange, but True Stories Measuring Success 70 Speed Limit Sign Changes Carlson Drive 25mph RAISED to 30mph Speeds dropped 2 mph Mirage Drive 30 mph

70 Strange, but True Stories Measuring Success 70 Speed Limit Sign Changes Carlson Drive 25mph RAISED to 30mph Speeds dropped 2 mph Mirage Drive 30 mph RAISED to 35 Speeds dropped 2.5 mph Sometimes approaches with no technical effectiveness (e.g., speed and volumes) are well-received by neighborhoods

Lessons Learned Do s 71 Traffic Calming DO S: Double the amount of time you think you think you need to gain consensus Decide what you want to achieve lower speeds, volumes

71 Lessons Learned Do s 71 Traffic Calming DO S: Double the amount of time you think you think you need to gain consensus Decide what you want to achieve lower speeds, volumes OR happy neighbors? Assign one Point of Contact per neighborhood Expect your HUMP AHEAD signs to get stolen Gain political support for the PROCESS before focusing on SOLUTIONS

72 Measuring Success 72 Often the Constructed Solutions simply aren t worth the time or the money Calming Our Streets A Handbook on Traffic Calming for Existing Neighborhoods City of Colorado Springs Traffic Engineering October 1998

o Modern designs are safer and more efficient than old circles and rotaries o Measurable

73 Roundabouts 73 o Can be roughly same cost ROI from permanent delay reductions ($10+/hour) o No signal to build! o Modern designs are safer and more efficient than old circles and rotaries o Measurable progress in last 10+ yrs, but still underused o Proven in both low-speed urban and high-speed rural environments o Effective for both corridor and spot improvements Source: FHWA

74 Now introducing the 2-way, 5-roundabout Ring Junction 74

75 U-Turn Intersections 75 Restricted Crossing U- turn (RCUT) (aka J-turn, Superstreet) Median U-Turns (aka Michigan Left, Indirect Left) ThrU Turn HUH?!?! Source: Wisconsin DOT Source: FHWA-RD Source: Utah DOT

76 U-Turn Intersections: RCUT 76 Distinguishing Features: Cross street (minor road) traffic turns right, then accesses U-turn to proceed in desired direction. Main and U-turn intersections can be either signalized ( Superstreet) or unsignalized ( J-Turn ) Source: Wisconsin DOT

U-Turn Intersections: MU-T 77 Distinguishing Features Eliminates direct left-turns at main intersection Left turning traffic proceeds past main intersection to a

77 U-Turn Intersections: MU-T 77 Distinguishing Features Eliminates direct left-turns at main intersection Left turning traffic proceeds past main intersection to a U-turn location downstream Traffic then turns right at main intersection U-turn locations can be signalized and coordinated with main intersection Source: FHWA-RD

eliminated from main intersection Main difference is design of U-turn, substituting a paved bump-out or loon

78 U-Turn Intersections: ThrU Turn 78 Source: Utah DOT Source: Utah DOT Terms/Variants include: Bulb-out, Eyebrows, Loons and Jersey Jug-Handles Distinguishing Features Similar to MU-T in that direct left-turns are eliminated from main intersection Main difference is design of U-turn, substituting a paved bump-out or loon beyond the outside lane (or coinciding with a side street tee intersection or driveway) for the wide median of a MU-T

79 Displaced Left Turn (DLT) Intersection 79 SR 30 and Summit Rd in Fenton, MO Source: Bing

80 Easter/Havana DLT Animation 80 Triple Left Turns Best Conventional Option

81 Diverging Diamond Interchanges 81 Source: HDR Source:

82 Pennies on the Dollar RE-PURPOSING INFRASTRUCTURE 82

Repurposing Infrastructure SCADA - AMR & AMI

Next Generation - Fiber + Street Lights +

83 Repurposing Infrastructure SCADA - AMR & AMI 83 SCADA systems - Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition AMI - Automated Metering Infrastructure AMR - Automatic Meter Reading Next Generation - Fiber + Street Lights + SCADA + AMI FTTH systems - Huntsville - FTTX with Open Access

Municipal-Broadband Gigabit cities 84 Most cities: Wireless, coax, copper wires and fiber Coax & wire systems: ~ 20-40 megabits per second Wireless 2G 3G 4G L.T.E.

84 Municipal-Broadband Gigabit cities 84 Most cities: Wireless, coax, copper wires and fiber Coax & wire systems: ~ megabits per second Wireless 2G 3G 4G L.T.E. (~30 mbps) 1 fiber strand: 1,000+ mbps 2003: a few traffic signals on one strand Now ~ 5,000 households on one strand Plenty of excess capacity along major corridors $M s: Opportunity leasing capacity, conduits and strands Longmont: Colorado s 1 st major & Fastest US city 10,000+ customers growing to ~20,000: $50/mo for 1,000 mbps Nov 2013: $40M bond issue, annual revenues ~ $12M Colorado 2 years: 60+ cities, hundreds nationally gigabit cities CAUTION: 20 States: Restrict City Telecom

Street Lighting Streetlights 85 Colorado Springs shut off ~10,000/28,000 No incentive to convert to energy efficient lamps Xcel Energy base charge ~ $20/month IREA ~ $23/month

85 Street Lighting Streetlights 85 Colorado Springs shut off ~10,000/28,000 No incentive to convert to energy efficient lamps Xcel Energy base charge ~ $20/month IREA ~ $23/month Colorado Springs ~$28/month By recapitalizing ~$2/month for power (100w) ~$1/month to power LED s Energy Saver = $18-$19/light/month x 200,000 lights 80% reduction from simply recapitalizing

Street Lighting Technologies 86 $LED s reduce power expenses by 50%+ But power often < 20% of total expenses Cities now municipalizing lighting, Paying separately for energy

86 Street Lighting Technologies 86 $LED s reduce power expenses by 50%+ But power often < 20% of total expenses Cities now municipalizing lighting, Paying separately for energy Up-front capital and conversion costs R.O.I.s ~ 5-7 years MILLIONS in cost savings possible Better yet, Re-purposing street light systems: Traffic signals, utilities and public broadband!

87 Traffic Signal Improvements 87 Energy Savings: 70 w 8-17 watt LED Fiber-Optic based Inter-connections Coming Soon Mini, pico, nanos and Li-Fi (?) Transmitters - signals and/or 3,000 street lights

88 Emerging Global Trends 88 Virtual Everything BIG DATA Predicting Traffic Jams..

89 Emerging Global Trends 89 SMART CITIES Interconnecting everything: Streetlights Signals Repurposing Fiber Transit, Utilities, Pedestrians

90 More trends 90 IoT Internet of Things Bricks vs Clicks - Online sales Halal Economy - New Banking Systems Medical trends Mass diagnosis via computer Improved Prevention & Wellness

91 Mobile and shared 91 More people are living in cities and their lives will be 100% digital/mobile Mobile platforms - nearly every purchase or transaction Anything requiring reservations, tickets, physical resources, delivery, or scheduling VMT Reducing in Denver - Light Rail & TOD Sharing Time Time Shares on steroids now: Rides, Cars, Info (Waze), Bikes, Housing, everything!

92 Future of Energy 92 Lots of Disruption - Power Companies Solar buy/sell 10:1 Micro Grids Sharing Power Energy Storage (think: mega batteries) Electric Cars

93 Mega Cities 93 Housing Boom Downtown -BUT - JOBS migrating to the Suburbs This just in Single family homes now <50%

94 Emerging Trends 94 Crowd Sourcing WAZE App (Google owns) Data Sources Include: In Pavement Bluetooth O & D Overhead / Microwave: DOT Cell Phones (P.I.I. an issue?) User-Reported (Citizen Tweets) Last week: City-Reported: WAZE Colorado Springs Re-routing around daily cone zones

95 Emerging Trends Mobile Weather Sensors 95 Data Sources Include: Mobile Weather: Windshield & License Plate: Snow, Temps, etc

96 Emerging Trends: Parking Where s my spot? 96

97 Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) 97 Driverless vehicles on a guideway One to four seated passengers plus luggage Direct origin to destination service no stops On demand not scheduled, very short headways

98 Emerging Global Trends 98 NEW TERMS: MicroTransit HyperLocal Trip Aggregation

99 Emerging Trends 99 Seamless blending - trips among transit, shared cars & rides Integrated multi modal solutions is the future Route deviations Finding and catching the next (late) bus Tickets need to communicate among systems. Crowd management: via Bluetooth address monitoring. Event management locations/delays for entry gates, ticket lines, etc. Cone Zone Mgt, too! Fun Fact: More new cell phone subscriptions in cars than people Signals: Next up is adaptive, parametric and predictive control- No one is doing that now.

100 More Local Government Innovation Opportunities 100 Utilities Gas: Joint-use CNG Stations Fuels - Joint Management Maintenance of infrastructure Non-Pot/Storm/Ground Water Electric & Gas Emergency Services Fire Departments E-911 Dispatching Trunked Radio Systems Service Contracts: Fleet, security, refuse, facility Telecom / Broadband Services Housing Authority Construction & Ops Financing: Tax-free Bonds Transportation Revolutionary Designs Traffic Signal Ops & Maintenance Mass Transit Park and Ride Locations Remote Sensing Street Maintenance Joint Operations/Equipment Purchasing

101 Did We Cover Those Things Today?? 101 Learn benefits of state-of-the-art traffic and transportation engineering techniques, and new urban planning concepts: New ways of creating and running large cities Reduced traffic volumes/speeds & traffic calming measures Improving a sense of community Enhanced neighborhood & pedestrian safety Traditional neighborhood and smart growth designs Transit-oriented development Emerging technologies - broadband, street lights, Smart Cities, Smart Vehicles, Sensors

102 Credits & for more information State Offices of Smart Growth - Colorado Smart Growth: Neighborhoods, Opportunity, Landscapes, Moving Forward 102 American Planning Association National Center for Smart Growth Research and Education Urban Land Institute American Public Works Association Beth Denniston, Director, RTAP Saleem Khattak / Charlotte NC Public Works Lowell Development Partners, LLC Dan Hartman, City of Golden Morey Bean, AIA, Colorado s Architect of the Year Gold Hill Mesa, Bob Willard Kelly Ohaver, Craig Faessler, Edward Stafford, City of Centennial Peter Muller, Muller and Associates, Franktown, Colorado HDR & Colorado DOT FHWA: EDC Program Stephen Evans, INDECT Vince Jordan, Fathym, Weather Cloud City Hall Innovation Team Playbook, Bloomberg Philanthropies, March 2015

103 103 QUESTIONS FROM THE AUDIENCE

Presented By: Dave Zelenok, P.E. Chief Innovation Officer

To help protect your privacy, PowerPoint has blocked automatic download of this picture. Presented By: Dave Zelenok, P.E. Chief Innovation Officer Innovations in Action A Local Government s Perspective