THE CURRENT STATE AND POTENTIAL OF ORNAMENTAL FISH PRODUCTION IN PERI-URBAN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM

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1 THE CURRENT STATE AND POTENTIAL OF ORNAMENTAL FISH PRODUCTION IN PERI-URBAN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM Dr. Le Thanh Hung, Dr. Vu Cam Luong Ng Thanh Tam, Ph Ngoc Tam, B.T.P. Thao, Thanh Truc

2 ORNAMENTAL FISH IN HO CHI MINH CITY HCMC is the leading producer and largest market in VN > 200 grow-out households, 19 million fish in 2004 >100 ornamental fish stores Export > 3 million fish, value 4 million USD per year Expected million USD exporting in 2010 Import 48,963 fish in 2004

3 HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT The first ornamental fish stores started in 1945 in LXT market Growing faster since 1967, and fastest during , with import-export activities During s: no market and less demand Since 1989: to rehabilitate rapidly Since 2003: growing steadly

4 Production: 34.4 millions fish Income: 12.8 billions VND (0.8 million USD) Ornamental fish culture in Ho Chi Minh City in 2005

5 Ornamental fish culture in Ho Chi Minh City Cu Chi 8 HHs 16 mil. fish/yr Hoc Mon 6 HHs 2.8 mil.fish/yr Binh Chanh 6 HHs 0.8 mil.fish/yr Dist HHs 1.6 mil.fish/yr Go Vap 10 HHs 0.9 mil.fish/yr Center Dist. 5 3 HHs 0.09 mil.fish/yr Dist HHs 7.2 mil.fish/yr

6 Ornamental fish culture systems 92.5% 32.5% CEMENT TANK AQUARIUM TANK HAPA 47.5% 47.5% POND

7 Years of experience of farmers % > <5 Income (ornamental fish culture / total income) = 84.5% years

8 Distribution channel from farms 75% 62.5% MIDDLEMEN /COLLECTORS EXPORTERS 25% 10% CONSUMERS STORES

9 PCA in Ward 15, District 8 PCA meeting was carried out on 19 Aug 2005 Participants: 18 ornamental fish grow-out out farmers, age: This is the original place where ornamental fish started in Saigon There was around 30 ornamental fish farms in the area, producing 7.2 millions fingerlings per year, value 3.6 billion VND per year

10 RESOURCES MAPPING Dist. 8 Periurban of HCMC River and canal systems, less polluttion Tap and well waters Infrastructure in average condition Business activities Agricultural activity: water spinach Ornamental fish production: main activity, good distribution channel to the city

11 Problems ranking in District % Capital Technique Seed Water source

12 PCA in Ward 17, Go Vap District The second PCA meeting was carried out on 24 Aug 2005 Participants: 20 ornamental fish grow-out out farmers, age: This is the new culture area, started since 1996 in small-scale scale During , 2005, production in larger scale, around ornamental fish farms in the area, producing 1 million fingerlings per year,, value 0.34 billion VND per year

13 RESOURCES MAPPING Go Vap Dist. Residental area nearby the city center River and canals, but pollutted Tap and well waters Good infrastructure Business activities Agricultural activities: vegetables, floriculture, livestock Ornamental fish production, and distribution channel to the city

14 Problems ranking in Go Vap District % Output Capital Culture technique Breeding

15 ORNAMENTAL FISH MARKETS Mobile ornamental fish vender Ornamental fish stores (with and without whole sale) Ornamental fish markets: 1 whole sale and 1 retail market Export market Import market Importing for re-export export market

16 VERY VIETNAM, MOBILE ORNAMENTAL FISH VENDER In-bags popular species: koi carp, golden fish, oscar Sources of fish: growout farmers, stores or middle man

17 THE SURVEY OF ORNAMENTAL FISH STORES Survey: 36 ornamental fish stores (1 Sep 15 Oct 2005) Retailer (Group A): 41.7% Whole sale and Retailer (Group B): 58.3% Previous experience working with fish: 0% Years of experience: >10yr (22.2%) - <5yr (47.2%)

18 OPERATING OF ORNAMENTAL FISH STORES Average operating time: 12 hours per day, 7 days per week Average number of labors: 3 person per store Business types: Freshwater ornamental fish (100%) Natural feed (72.2%) and pellet feed (94.4%) Submerged plants (80.6%) Glass tanks and equipments (61.1%) Design service (61.1%)

19 MAJOR SPECIES OF ORNAMENTAL FISH Among the most popular species produced by HCMC are: -Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) - Golden fish (Carassius auratus) - Discus (Symphysodon sp.) - Angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare)

20 MAJOR SPECIES OF ORNAMENTAL FISH Among the most popular species produced by HCMC are: - Guppy (Poecilia reticulate) - Fighting fish (Betta splenden) - Swordtail (Xyphophorus helleri) - Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus)

21 Golden fish Koi carp Guppy Fighting Swordtail Mollies Oscar Discus Angel fish Sumatra barb % TOP TEN SPECIES TO BE SOLD Species successfully bred in Vietnam

22 MAJOR WILD NATIVE SPECIES Among the most popular wild native species are: - Tetraodon fluviatilis (Nóc da beo) - Toxotes chatareus (Mang rổ) - Chilata ornata (Nàng hai) - Pangasius sutchi (Mập nước ngọt) - Monodactylus rebae (Chim bốn sọc)

23 MAJOR WILD NATIVE SPECIES Among the most popular wild native species are: - Datnioides quadrifasciata (Thái hổ) - Kryptopterus sp. (Trèn) - Scatophagus agus (Nâu) - Bostia sp. (Heo) - Apistogramma sp. (Phượng hoàng)

24 Tetraodon fluviatilis Toxotes chatareus Chilata ornata Pangasius sutchi Datnioides quadrifasciata Monodactylus rebae Kryptopterus sp. Scatophagus agus Bostia sp. Apistogramma sp. % TOP TEN SPECIES TO BE SOLD Wild native ornamental fish

25 Cichlidae sp. Osteoglossum ferrerai Osteoglossum bicirrh... Scleropage formosus Sciaenochromis ahli Paracheirodon innesi Paracheirodon innesi Phractocephalus hemil... Cichlasoma citrinellum Corydoras aeneus % TOP TEN SPECIES TO BE SOLD Imported ornamental fish

26 SOURCE OF FISH Cu Chi 25% Dong Nai 30.6% Hoc Mon 38.9% Dist % Go Vap 33.3% Center Mekong Delta 58.3% (wild fish) Dist % Dist. 8 75%

27 SOURCE OF FISH in SPECIES Cu Chi 4 species Dong Nai 5 species Hoc Mon 4 species Dist.12 6 species Go Vap 6 species Center Mekong Delta (wild fish) Dist. 5 All species Dist. 8 6 species

28 DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL TO THE STORES PRODUCERS MIDDLE MAN SELF-PRODUCTION 83.3% 72.2% 19.4% 8.3% 8.3% COLLECTOR 8.3% IMPORTER

29 TRENDS OF SELLING % Increase Decrease Compared to the past Predicted for future Returns compared to the past

30 EXPORT MARKET in Quantity 826 Year: 2004 Quantity: >5 millions fish Tetraodon sp. Guppy Fighting Koi carp Kryptopterus sp. Golden fish Discus Thousand fish

31 IMPORT MARKET in Quantity From Jan to Feb 2005 Source: Taiwan, Hongkong, Singapore, Thailand Total: 43,929 fish Guppy Paracheirodon innesi Cichlasoma bifasciatum Corydoras aeneus Osteoglossum spp. Koi carp Fish

32 PROJECT S OUTPUTS ORNAMENTAL FISH MOVIE SOS REPORT FISH CHART (POSTER) INFORMATION on WEB

33 THANK YOU!