SAFE WAY TO SURVEY P R E S E N T E D B Y D E B O R A H A L D E R I N K - C I H, R N S U R V E Y I N G P A R T I E S S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y

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1 engineers scientists architects constructors NO. 1 GOAL P R O V I D E A S A F E W O R K E N V I R O N M E N T SAFE WAY TO SURVEY P R E S E N T E D B Y D E B O R A H A L D E R I N K - C I H, R N S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y B E G I N B Y R E C O G N I Z I N G A N D E V A L U A T I N G A L L H A Z A R D S ( C H E M I C A L A N D P H Y S I C A L ) A T A L L J O B S I T E S S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y S U R V E Y I N G P A R T I E S Surveying parties on and along highways, streets, railroads, in both rural and urban areas, encounter occupational hazards. For example: Traffic on existing roads, animals (wild and tame), noxious plants, transporting crews, equipment, and crossing physical obstacles. (National Safety Council Data Sheet)

2 SAFE WAY TO SURVEY MDOT, Part 6, 6D.01-6D.03, Worker Safety and Temporary Traffic Control Basically all workers shall be trained on how to work next to motor vehicle traffic in a way that minimizes their vulnerability SAFE WAY TO SURVEY Assuring workers wear high visibility garments while in work zones Assuring motorists have clear and positive guidance in work zones via proper channelization, advanced warning signage, appropriate taper lengths, etc. The Michigan Manual of Traffic Control Devices Part 6, MIOSHA Part 22 and specific traffic control plans should be used for guidance Assure all employees, including traffic regulators (flaggers) are trained to perform their jobs safely Utilize police patrols in work zones when necessary NEAR OR IN AN ACTIVE ROADWAY Face traffic or have a lookout Do not make sudden movements that may cause evasive movements by drivers Avoid interrupting traffic as much as possible Protect the crew with appropriate barriers Use proper equipment carrying procedures Competent person responsible for maintaining traffic Use flaggers when in doubt of the effectiveness of other precautions E Q U I P M E N T H A Z A R D S

3 S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y E Q U I P M E N T H A Z A R D S E Q U I P M E N T H A Z A R D S Traffic laws, safety rules, and property rights are to be observed at all times. When moving across areas not normally traveled, precautions must be taken not to damage the vehicle or equipment, harm the crew members, or destroy property. (National Safety Council Data Sheet) Personnel being transported from one site to another must be provided with proper seating, including safety belts. The equipment being carried must be secured and stored in such a manner so as not to be a hazard to crew members. Racks, tie downs, compartments, and screening devices can all be used to secure and contain. S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y E Q U I P M E N T H A Z A R D S E Q U I P M E N T H A Z A R D S : W O R K I N G A L O N E Tools must be handled in a safe manner All handles must be tight and free of cracks or splinters Measuring devices (cloth and metallic tapes, chains, level rods, and range poles) require that caution be used when working near electrical systems Two hands cannot carry all the equipment Lawn cart is being used to keep the rover rod vertical, minimizing loss of lock

4 LASER II Low power visible laser. (ANSI Z136) Denotes a laser or laser system which, because of the normal human bright light aversion response (blink reflex), does not present a hazard. These lasers do not have enough output energy to injure a person accidentally. May be hazardous if stared without blinking for extended periods of time (e.g. intentional extended viewing). SUPERFUND SITE SAFE WAY TO SURVEY SURVEYING ON A HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE, SUPERFUND SITE, OR UST SITE 40-hour site worker training. Read site Health and Safety Plan (HASP). Prepare a task specific HASP. Report abnormal conditions on site. Use proper personal protective equipment. Use the buddy system. Understand the evacuation/emergency plan. DISCOVERING HAZMATS: ABANDONED METH LABS

5 EXCAVATION HAZARDS Entrapment (cave-ins) Crush injuries Head injuries Trip and falls S U R V E Y I N G N E A R A N O P E N E X C A V A T I O N S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y S U R V E Y I N G I N A C O N F I N E D S P A C E S U R V E Y I N G I N A C O N F I N E D S P A C E Recognize a confined space Understand the hazards associated with entering a confined space Complete an education and training course for an entrant, attendant, and entry supervisor Only enter in accordance with your company s written Confined Space Entry Program

6 S A F E W A Y T O S U R V E Y S U R V E Y I N G N E A R W A T E R W A Y S S U R V E Y I N G N E A R W A T E R W A Y S Wear a life jacket or buoyant work vest Have a ring buoy with a minimum of 90 feet of line Ensure an operating boat is onsite (MIOSHA Rule Where a possibility of drowning exists, an employee working over, or adjacent to, water shall wear a life jacket or buoyant work (USCG) vest. FALL PROTECTION Any (unguarded) open edge higher than 6 feet Guardrail system Safety net system Personal fall arrest system Any fixed ladder higher than 20 feet Ladder safety device (with body harness) Safety cage with offset landings every 30 feet S U R V E Y I N G O N E L E V A T E D S U R F A C E S

7 Shock Absorbing Lanyard Self Retracting Lifelines Rope and Cable Grabs Carabiners Cross-arm Strap Full Body Harness F A L L P R O T E C T I O N P E R S O N A L P R O T E C T I O N E Q U I P M E N T WORKER VISIBILITY RULE On November 24, 2006, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) added Part 634, Worker Visibility to Title 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). The purpose of this change was to decrease the likelihood of worker fatalities or injures caused by motor and construction vehicles and equipment while working within the right-ofway on Federal-aid highways. The rule states all workers within the right-of-way of a Federal aid highway who are exposed to either traffic or construction equipment within the work area shall wear highvisibility safety apparel. This apparel must meet the Performance Class 2 or 3 requirements of the ANSI/ISEA publication, American National Standard for High Visibility Safety Apparel and Headwear. WORKER VISIBILITY RULE Workers are defined as people on foot whose duties place them within the right-of-way of a Federal-aid highway, such as highway construction and maintenance crews, survey crews, etc. Federal-aid highway is any state or federal highway and any other roadway projects, even those on non-state highways, that receives federal aid, including bridges.

8 PROTECTIVE GARMENT CLASSES ANSI Standard Classes III, II, and I REVISED ANSI HIGH-VISIBILITY SAFETY APPAREL AND HEADWEAR September 15, 2004, the ANSI approved a revised edition of the standard, ANSI/ISEA This standard provides a uniform, authoritative guide for the design, performance specifications, and use of high-visibility and reflective apparel including vests, jackets, bib/jumpsuit coveralls, trousers, and harnesses. Garments that meet this standard can be worn 24 hours a day to provide users with a high level of conspicuity through the use of combined fluorescent and retro-reflective materials. PROTECTIVE GARMENT CLASSES Class III: Garments provide the HIGHEST level of visibility to workers in high-risk environments involving high task loads, a wide range of weather conditions and traffic exceeding 50 mph. Class III garments provide coverage to the arms and/or legs, as well as the torso, and can include jackets, coveralls, or rain gear. The standard recommends these garments for all roadway construction personnel, vehicle operators, utility workers, survey crews, emergency railway workers, and accident site investigators. C L A S S I I I P R O T E C T I V E G A R M E N T S

9 PROTECTIVE GARMENT CLASSES Class II: Garments are for users who need greater visibility in poor weather conditions for activities occurring near roadways where traffic speeds exceeds 25 mph. This includes railway workers, school crossing guards, parking and toll gate personnel, and law enforcement directing traffic. PROTECTIVE GARMENT CLASSES Class I: Garments are intended for workers who have ample separation from vehicular traffic speeds not exceeding 25 mph. This includes safety vests for service attendants, workers in warehouses with equipment traffic, shopping cart retrieval, maintenance workers, and delivery vehicle drivers. Class I apparel is not permitted for workers on or near Federal-aided highways. Class I garments are marked on the label. People who use Class I garments include parking lot attendants, warehouse workers, sidewalk maintenance, and shopping cart retrievers. The main difference between Class I and II is the amount of fluorescent background material and retro-reflective material. PROTECTIVE GARMENT MAINTENANCE High-visibility safety apparel should be replaced when it becomes faded, torn, dirty, soiled, worn, or defaced, or if it is not visible at 1,000 feet, day or night. The typical useful service life of high-visibility safety apparel depends on the type of work an individual performs while wearing the apparel. Apparel worn on a daily basis has a service life expectancy of approximately six months to three years OTHER HAZARDS OF THE JOB Poisonous plants Fields sprayed with pesticides Snake bites Bee stings Animal hazards Power lines and electrical storms Railroads Fence crossings Uneven terrain (slip and falls) Temperature extremes

10 POISONOUS PLANTS (NOXIOUS WEEDS) Poison Ivy Poison Sumac Poison Oak Poison sumac grows exclusively in very wet or flooded soils, usually in swamps and peat bogs in the eastern U.S. and Canada Poison oak (Western and Atlantic) grows in sandy soils in eastern U.S. and on the Pacific Coast Poison ivy grows throughout the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. It is found in woody areas, especially along edges. It also grows on exposed rocky areas and in open fields. Shade tolerant, it grows in a wide variety of soil types and ph. P O I S O N O U S P L A N T S & P E S T I C I D E S POISONOUS PLANTS Be cautious around thorns Leaves of three let them be. (recognize and avoid) First-aid kits NOT CONTAGIOUS P E S T I C I D E S : S U R V E Y I N G I N A F I E L D T H A T H A S J U S T B E E N S P R A Y E D

11 SNAKES Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Sistrurus catenatus catenatus Size: 2 to 3 feet Status: Michigan's only venomous snake Food: Rodents and frogs Habitat: Near water, marshes, and swamps Other: Up to 20 live young born in late summer, a shy snake that avoids people BEE STINGS Honey Bee Bumble Bee Large fuzzy black and yellow Nest in the ground BEE STINGS Yellow Jacket Nests are typically underground Most people are stung by the Yellow Jacket Bald Faced Hornet Large, black and white Pear-shaped nest Aggressive painful sting BEE STINGS Wasps Build their nests anywhere protected from elements Aggressive Attack when nest is disturbed

12 BEE STINGS If you are allergic to bee stings an emergency plan is a must! Make sure everyone on survey crew trained to use Have a plan A N I M A L H A Z A R D S ANIMAL HAZARDS General considerations when surveying crews come into contact with both tame and wild animals. 1. Always try to avoid scaring an animal 2. May have to contact the animal s owner 3. Properly equipped first-aid kit 4. Wear proper apparel (against bites, stings) A N I M A L H A Z A R D S

13 POWER LINES, RAILROADS, FENCE CROSSINGS, AND UNEVEN TERRAIN General rules to follow: Before going into an area, size-up the job (plant, animal, topo, other dangers). Fences can snag someone carrying equipment over it. Make crossing empty handed. When working along or near railroad tracks, the railroad should be contacted to alert of the crews presence along its tracks. When working near electrical, oil, gas, water, sewer, telephone, or cable lines, take great care and have good planning. Always be alert for the possibility of slipping from a bank, cliff, hill, swamp, etc. S E V E R E W E A T H E R TORNADOS An average of 16 tornadoes occur in Michigan each year. Between 1950 and 1996, a total of 237 people have been killed. OUTDOOR SAFETY If you have time, get to a sturdy structure for shelter (hail and lightning) Avoid sheltering using groups of trees (lightning) Abandon vehicle and take shelter in a road-side ditch or other low spot If highway overpass is only shelter option, only consider it if it has sturdy roadway supports (avoid smooth concrete support-less span at all cost)

14 LIGHTNING Lightning causes an average of 80 fatalities and 300 injuries per year Occurs with all thunderstorms 30/30 Rule: Go indoors if, after seeing lightning, you cannot count to 30 before hearing thunder. Stay indoors for 30 minutes after hearing the last clap of thunder FLASH FLOODS Most flash floods are caused by slow-moving thunderstorms, thunderstorms repeatedly moving over the same area, or heavy rains from hurricanes or tropical storms. Even six inches of fast-moving flood water can knock you off your feet, and a depth of two feet will float your car! Never try to swim, walk, or drive through swift water. Nearly half of all flash flood fatalities are auto related. FLASH FLOODS Go to higher ground Do not attempt to cross flowing streams Never drive through flooded driveways If the vehicle stalls, leave it stat If flash flood warning Evacuate If water is at ankles Turn around Anything contaminated with flood waters Decontaminate or destroy WEATHER-RELATED EMERGENCIES Be alert for changing weather NOAA, National Weather Service, television, etc. Stick to your plan Now is not the time to change Account for everyone Alert anyone working outside or in confined spaces Give the all clear

15 TEMPERATURE EXTREMES: COLD EXPOSURE Layer clothing Proper boots have better footing on snow, ice, and frozen surfaces, and keep feet warm Keep hands and feet warm TEMPERATURE EXTREMES: HEAT EXPOSURE Wear proper clothing Drink water Wear proper head protection Work/rest cycles ADA PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY IN THE PUBLIC WAY DURING CONSTRUCTION Construction in the public way can be particularly hazardous to pedestrians with either visual or mobility impairments. Therefore, it is critical that each construction site is properly and adequately protected with a barrier or barricade. Merely placing caution tape and traffic cones is not acceptable. ADA PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY IN THE PUBLIC WAY DURING CONSTRUCTION This is a very busy street with no marked crosswalk There is no alternate circulation path, no barricading, and no provisions made for pedestrians

16 ADA PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY IN THE PUBLIC WAY DURING CONSTRUCTION Warnings shall be located at both the near side and the far side of the intersection preceding a temporarily, completely blocked pedestrian access route. Signage shall be located at the intersection preceding the blocked way. Where directional signage or warnings are provided, they should be located to minimize backtracking, especially if there is no safe refuge at a corner under construction. In some cases, this could mean locating a warning or sign at the beginning of a route, not just at the inaccessible site. SAFE WAY TO SURVEY Effective hazard recognition and control programs are those that involve both management and employees Report all hazards, injuries, illnesses, and especially near-miss accidents Include compliance with relevant OSHA/MIOSHA/DOT/FHWA/ADA Rules, Regulations & Standards SAFE WAY TO SURVEY Effective hazard recognition and control programs are those that involve both management and employees Report all hazards, injuries, illnesses, and especially near-miss accidents Include compliance with relevant OSHA/MIOSHA/DOT/FHWA/ADA Rules, Regulations & Standards