Mobility Constraints of Children in Bangladesh: A Study on Travel to School in Dhaka City

Transcription

1 Mobility Constraints of Children in Bangladesh: A Study on Travel to School in Dhaka City Noor Ali Shah & Prof. Dr M. Shafiq-Ur Rahman Department of Urban and Regional Planning Jahangirnagar University Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh 1

2 Outline Background Research Objectives Methodology Case Study Area Demographic profile of respondents School Trips Existing scenario Factors influencing modal choice Users preferable mode Problems and suggestions Conclusion 2

3 Background Chaotic transportation system and congestion. School trips Influences trip generation Congestion School children Most vulnerable group Often neglected 3

4 Objectives i. To explore existing travel pattern of school children. ii. To derive influencing factors of modal choice for school trips. 4

5 Sample Design Methodology Sampling frame: Primary school children (5-13 years) Sampling method: Multistage Sampling Study area selection: Selected 7 areas 3 school types Sample size: Total sample size is 420 Data collection: Questionnaire Data analysis Exploratory data analysis 5

6 Study Area Old-Dhaka Jatrabari Khilgaon-Bashabo Mirpur Uttara Dhanmondi Gulshan-Banani 6

7 Demographic Profile of Respondents Age Male: Female = 100:62 Below 8 y 7.4% 9-12 years 58.8% Above 13 y (guardians) 33.8% Vehicle ownership of respondent CNG Percentage share of the family monthly income Other Cycle Motor bike Car No personal vehicle

8 School Trips: Usual Mode Share of modes for school trip 56.47% 17.85% 18.53% 0.59% 0.88% 1.47% 1.76% 2.65% Cycle Car Rickshaw CNG Bus School bus Modes Monthly cost (Tk.) Rickshaw 1125 School bus 1100 Bus 375 CNG % 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Others 55.60% Walking Student's travel distance 30.90% 11.40% Below 0.5 km km 1-2 km 2-5 km %

9 School Trips: Comfort Level Fully comfortable Walk Car Rickshaw School bus 8.8% 75.8% 2.2% 9.9% 60% Comfort level of travel modes Comfortable 75.2% 6.7% 11.4% 2.4% Moderately comfortable Uncomfortable 60% 50% 40% 51.4% 4.7% 38.3% 0.9% 50% 0% 50% 0% Comfort level of school trip 52.5% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Walk Cycle Car Rickshaw Cng Bus School bus 30% 20% 10% 0% 25.5% 18% 3.5% High Medium Moderately Low 0% High Medium Moderately Low 9

10 Factors Influencing Gender Age Travel distance Travel time Travel cost Comfort level Household income (monthly) Household vehicle ownership Student escort 10

11 School Trips: Influencing Factors Students below 8 years: prefer cars; 8+ years: prefer walking. Girls prefer rickshaw whilst boys prefer walking and biking. Modal choice changes with increase of travel distance & time. 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Modal variation with distance Below 0.5 km km 1-2 km 2-5 km Walk Cycle Car Rickshaw CNG Bus School bus Others 11

12 30 Travel time for car against travel dista Below 0.5 km km 1-2 km 2-5 km Below 15 min min min min Travel time for rickshaw against travel dista Below 15 min min min min 0 Below 0.5 km km 1-2 km 2-5 km 12

13 School Trips: Influencing Factors Car and rickshaw is preferred for a comfortable journey. HH income <Tk 30,000: students prefer walking (cost effective). HH Tk 30, ,000: students prefer rickshaw. HH Tk 100,000+: students prefer using cars Modal usage by family income Number of family Walk Cycle Car Rickshaw CNG Bus School Bus Others Family monthly income 13

14 School Trips: Influencing Factors Escort for safety (family members or others). Accompany person: Mostly family vehicle is used (if it is available). Accompany person 45.9% 30.3% 23.8% parents class mate others 14

15 Ranking of the Factors Factors Significant level Ranking Gender Age Travel distance Travel time Cost of travel Comfort level Family monthly income Household vehicle ownership Student escort

16 User s Preferable Mode for School Trips Most of the students prefer rickshaw for their school trips. Many Rickshaw and car users are interested to use school bus if available with convenient service level. Preferable mode 40.4% 16.4% 15.4% 19.2% 6.2% 0.5% 0.2% 1.7% Walk Cycle Rickshaw CNG Bus School bus School van Car 16

17 School Trips: Existing Problems Traffic jam Road construction work Dust, noise, air pollution Unsafe road crossing Walking facilities: absent or poor Insecurity. 17

18 Suggestions Providing school bus with adequate facilities Encourage parents for reducing use of cars Parking zones around school area Introducing walking school bus program Improve pedestrian facilities Ensure safety and security Encourage safe route to school program 18

19 Thank You 19