Rewriting the Playbook: Updating Traffic Engineering and Planning Manuals to Reflect Livability Principles

Transcription

1 Rewriting the Playbook: Updating Traffic Engineering and Planning Manuals to Reflect Livability Principles Reid Ewing Department of City and Metropolitan Planning University of Utah

2 Probably Not the Right Speaker Several widely-used traffic engineering reference manuals (several ITE manuals, Highway Capacity Manual, Highway Safety Manual, etc.) have recently been updated to reflect current best practices in livable communities. This presentation would provide an overview of these updates, how they were initiated and accomplished, and what research is needed for standard practice manuals that still require major updates.

3 ITE s Major Thoroughfares

4 AASHTO s Guide for Achieving Flexibility

5 Three Bibles of Transportation AASHTO s Green Book TRB s Highway Capacity Manual ITE s Trip Generation Report

6 Faster Isn t Necessarily Better

7 Faster Isn t Necessarily Better

8 Faster Isn t Necessarily Better

9 Faster Isn t Necessarily Better

10 AASHTO Green Book

11 Wider, Straighter, Longer, Faster every effort should be made to use as high a design speed as practical to attain a desired degree of safety

12 One Cross-Section Presently

13 Different Approaches to Context Sensitivity

14 Maryland s Approach Flexible Design ( Smart Use of Green Book) Minimum Versus Desirable

15 Reconstruct within Existing Footprint

16 VAOT s Approach 8' parking 9' travel 9' turn 9' travel 8' parking 43' VERMONT 8' parking 10' travel 10' turn 10' travel 8' parking 46' AASHTO

17 Lane Width vs. Speed

18 Rural vs. Urban Sections

19 North Carolina s TND Streets

20 New Urbanist Cross Section

21 Missouri s Complete Street Cross Section

22 TRB s Highway Capacity Manual

23 Research Projects NCHRP Project 03-60, "Capacity and Quality of Service of Interchange Ramp Terminals NCHRP Project 03-64, "Highway Capacity Manual Applications Guide NCHRP Project 03-65, "Applying Roundabouts in the United States NCHRP Project 03-70, "Multimodal Level of Service Analysis for Urban Streets NCHRP Project 03-75, "Analysis of Freeway Weaving Sections NCHRP Project 03-79, "Measuring and Predicting the Performance of Automobile Traffic on Urban Streets NCHRP Project 03-82, "Default Values for Capacity and Quality of Service Analyses NCHRP Project 03-85, "Guidance for the Use of Alternative Traffic Analysis Tools in Highway Capacity Analyses".

24 Old Speed Paradigm -> Roadway LOS

25 Wide Lanes

26 Make Room for Traffic Calming

27 Operationalizing Livability

28 New Paradigms

29 Florida s Multimodal LOS

30 What Really Matters

31 Best Performance Measures Safety Crash rates (-50%) Congestion Hours of delay (-10%) Climate change CO2 emissions (-40% ) Active Travel Trips (+300%) VMT Per person (-10%) Affordability Cost per household (-25%) Access Destinations (+50%) (Portland, Oregon 2035 Targets)

32 Daily VMT per person (to meet climate goals) Miles

33 ITE s Trip Generation Report

34 More Land Uses 12 new land use classifications are included, for a total of 162 land uses. Several land uses were expanded significantly with the addition of new data. These include: High- Cube Warehouse (152); Free-Standing Discount Superstore (813); Home Improvement Superstore (862); Discount Home Furnishing Superstore (869); and Drive-in Bank (912).

35 Still Suburban Single-Use Categories Data were primarily collected at suburban localities with little or no transit service, nearby pedestrian amenities, or travel demand management (TDM) programs.

36 Still Trip Generation, Not Traffic Generation At specific sites, the user may want to modify the trip generation rates presented in this document to reflect the presence of public transportation service, ridesharing or other TDM measures, enhanced pedestrian and bicycle trip-making opportunities, or other special characteristics of the site or surrounding area.

37 ITE s Trip Generation Handbook

38 Two Efforts to Reward Smart Growth NCHRP Project 8-51, Enhancing Internal Trip Capture Estimation for Mixed Use Developments. Adding four sites to the three that currently form the basis for internal capture calculations in ITE s Trip Generation Handbook, the project has developed an estimation procedure that includes a proximity adjustment to account for project size and layout.

39 Our Effort EPA s Mixed-use Development and Vehicle Trips: Improving the Standard Estimation Methodology The purpose of this study is to create new methodology for more accurately predicting the traffic impacts of MXDs. Uses household travel records for 36,000 trips to/from/within 239 MXDs in six regions

40 Internal Capture Home-Based Work Home-Based Other Non-Home Based Coeff t P coeff t p Coeff t p Constant EMP AREA <0.001 JOBPOP <0.001 INTDEN <0.001 HHSIZE < < <0.001 VEHCAP < <

41 External Walking Home-Based Work Home-Based Other Non-Home Based Coeff t p Coeff t p Coeff t p Constant AREA <0.001 ACTDEN JOBPOP <0.001 INTDEN <0.001 EMPMILE < <0.001 HHSIZE < < VEHCAP < <

42 External Transit Use Home-Based Work Home-Based Other Non-Home Based Coeff t p Coeff t p Coeff t p Constant ACTDEN INTDEN <0.001 EMP30T HHSIZE < <0.001 VEHCAP < < <0.001 BUSSTOP <0.001 pseudo-r NA NA

43 External Auto Trip Length Home-Based Work Home-Based Other Non-Home Based Coeff t p Coeff t p Coeff t p Constant AREA JOBPOP INTDEN EMP20A < <0.001 EMP30A <0.001 HHSIZE < < VEHCAP < < <0.001

44 Am I being too negative?