FISH, FRIDAYS, AND FASTS:

Transcription

1 FISH, FRIDAYS, AND FASTS: GREAT HOUSEHOLD FASTING HABITS DURING THE EARLY ENGLISH REFORMATION RYAN WHIBBS CHEF SCHOOL, GEORGE BROWN COLLEGE On the Peripheries of the Reformation: An Interdisciplinary and International Conference Victoria College, University of Toronto Friday - Saturday, October 2016

2 DIET ACCOUNTS Diet Account of Alice de Bryene Suffolk, NA C47/4/8/B Henry VIII s Council Westminster, NA LS/9/1

3 HOUSEHOLDS Catholic Diet Accounts Eleanor of Brittany Bristol Castle, NA E 101/350/11 Katherine de Norwich Suffolk, BL Add. Roll Alice de Bryene Suffolk, NA C47/4/8/B William de Mountford, Warwickshire, SBT MS DR/37/Bo 73 (transcription) NA: National Archives, London BL: British Library, London CH: Chatsworth House, Midlands LP: Lambeth Palace, London Protestant Diet Accounts Henry VIII s Council Westminster, NA LS/9/1 3 rd Earl of Cumberland Midlands, CH MS BA/13 The 1 st Earl of Middlese London, LP MS/ th Earl of Cumberland Midlands, 1623 CH MS/SC/67 Royal household, Charles II Whitehall, NA LS/9/1

4 Saturday June 7 th eel, eggs BRISTOL CASTLE ELEANOR OF BRITTANY 1225 Friday, June 12 th salmon, turbot

5 KATHERINE DE NORWICH SUFFOLK 1336 Friday October 18 th Cod, whiting, herring October 31 st, 1336 (All Souls) Cod, herring, haddock

6 March 1 st ALICE DE BRYENE SUFFOLK 1413 Red herrings, salt salmon, stockfish January 6 th (Epiphany) Salt salmon, stockfish

7 WILLIAM DE MOUNTFORD WARWICKSHIRE 1413 Friday March 12 th, 1434 Oysters and smelt Saturday June 12, 1434 Salmon

8 HENRY VIII S COUNCIL WESTMINSTER Tuesday October 18, 1541 Herring, pike, salt salmon, flounder, eel, whiting, ling Thursday November 17 th, 1541 Herring, pike, salt salmon, flounder, greenfish, eel, whiting ling.

9 3 RD EARL OF CUMBERLAND MIDLANDS Friday January 20 th, 1576 Cod, stockfish, haddock, salmon, trout, cockle Friday, April 13 th, 1576 Eggs, stockfish, herring, sprat, cockle, pike, salmon, and eel

10 4 TH EARL OF CUMBERLAND MIDLANDS April 20 th, 1623 (Good Friday) Cod, eggs Friday December 22 nd, 1622 Lunch: cod, salmon, stockfish, trout, ling Dinner: mutton, beef, pork Tuesday March 27 th, 1622 Lunch: cod, salmon, cockle, trout, pike, eel Dinner: pork, poultry

11 Tuesday March 7 th 1 ST EARL OF MIDDLESEX LONDON 1623 Lunch: cod, whiting, carp, herring, roach, plaice, mussels, crab, lobster, cockle, and pickled oysters Dinner: beef, ham Friday February 22 nd Lunch: carp, whiting, lobster, oyster, salmon, flounder Dinner: mutton, bacon, pork

12 Species of Fish Included in Medieval Accounts Eleanor of Brittany Bristol Castle NA E 101/350/11 Katherine de Norwich Suffolk/Norfolk BL Add. Roll Alice de Bryene, Suffolk NA C47/4/8/B William de Mountford Warwickshire Shakespeare Birthplace Trust MS DR/37/Bo 73 Bream Burbot Carp Cockle Cod Crayfish Eel Fish Haddock Hake Herring Ling Mackerel Mussels Oysters Perch Pickerel Pike Plaice Prawns Quarreau Rad Razors Red Herring Roach Ruff Salmon Smelt Sole Stockfish Sturgeon Tench White Herring Whitefish Whiting

13 Species of Fish Included in Post-Reformation Accounts Council, Westminster 1541 NA E/101/96/3 3 rd Earl Cumberland CH MS BA/13 Middlese, Chelsea 1622 LP MS/1228 Clifford, London 1623 CH MS/SC/67 Royal, Whitehall 1663 NA LS/9/1 Carp Cockle Cod Conch Conger Crab Crayfish Eel Flounder Greenfish Haddock Herring Lamprey Ling Lobster Mackerel Mussels Oysters Perch Pickle oysters Pike Pickerel Plaice Red herring Roach Salmon Salt salmon Scallop Shrimp Skate Smelt Sole Sprat Stockfish Sturgeon Trout Turbot White herring Whiting

14 Eleanor of Brittany Bristol Castle NA E 101/350/11 Katherine de Norwich Suffolk/Norfolk BL Add. Roll Alice de Bryene, Suffolk NA C47/4/8/B William de Mountford Warwickshire Shakespeare Birthplace Trust MS DR/37/Bo 73 Bream Burbot Carp Cockle Cod Crayfish Eel Fish Haddock Hake Herring Ling Mackerel Mussels Oysters Perch Pickerel Pike Plaice Prawns Quarreau Rad Razors Red Herring Roach Ruff Salmon Smelt Sole Stockfish Sturgeon Tench White Herring Whitefish Whiting Pre-Reformation Council, Westminster 1541 NA E/101/96/3 Post-Reformation 3 rd Earl Cumberland CH MS BA/13 Middlese, Chelsea 1622 LP MS/1228 Clifford, London 1623 CH MS/SC/67 Royal, Whitehall 1663 NA LS/9/1 Carp Cockle Cod Conch Conger Crab Crayfish Eel Flounder Greenfish Haddock Herring Lamprey Ling Lobster Mackerel Mussels Oysters Perch Pickle oysters Pike Pickerel Plaice Red herring Roach Salmon Salt salmon Scallop Shrimp Skate Smelt Sole Sprat Stockfish Sturgeon Trout Turbot White herring Whiting

15 THANK YOU