Design and Analysis of New Sierpinski Carpet Fractal antenna

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1 Volume 2, No.3, May Jue 2013 Iteatioal Joual o Miowaves Appliatios B.T.P.Madav et al., Iteatioal Joual o Miowaves Appliatios, 2(3), May Jue 2013, Available Olie at ttp://wase.og/pds/2013/ijma pd ISSN Desig ad Aalysis o New Siepiski Capet Fatal atea 1 B.T.P.Madav, 2 D. Ujwala, 3 J. Ravidaat Cowday, 3 A. Siva Nageda Reddy, 3 C. Kati, 3 Sai Kuma Bidiadai 1 Assoiate Poesso, Depatmet o ECE, K L Uivesity, Gutu DT, AP, Idia 2 Assistat Poesso, Depatmet o ECE, K L Uivesity, Gutu DT, AP, Idia 3 Pojet Studets, Depatmet o ECE, K L Uivesity, Gutu DT, AP, Idia ABSTRACT Desig ad aalysis o ew geomety miostip pat Siepiski apet atal atea is disussed. Tis Fatal stutue is implemeted o squae ad seveal iteatios ae applied o iitial sape. Tis atea as low poile wit dimesios o 80X80X1.6 mm, low weigt ad easy to abiate wit oaxial eedig. Te simulatio esults sow tat te poposed atea as vey good pemae i etu loss, impedae badwidt ad adiatio aateistis. Fiite elemet metod as bee employed studyig vaious ote atea paametes like gai ad ield distibutios. Eet o atea iteatios stesses upo eduig metal usage teeby savig ost ad also aieved good eletio oeiiet. Keywods: Siepiski Capet, Fatal Atea, Impedae badwidt, Field distibutios. 1. INTRODUCTION Fatal atea as bee poved to be a eetive teique to desig small ad multibad ateas. Fatal atea geomety epesets sel similaity ad epeats itsel i dieet dimesios illig te spae eetively [1-2]. Te advatages wit te atals ae o multiple eleti dimesios, sel loaded to 50 om, auxiliay eatae ad apaitae ot eeded, mutual ouplig betwee aay elemets a be edued substatially ad may moe. Seveal geometies ae available like Helix, Ko uve, Hilbet uve ad Siepiski apet et. te easo wy tee ae o moe ovel atal ateas emeged i eet yeas is mostly tat atal geomety is ompliate ad diiult to be ostuted toug its oiguatio ule is oly vitually simple iteatio[3-5]. Tee is a impotat elatio betwee te atea dimesios ad te wavelegt. Te elatio states tat i atea size is less ta λ/4 te atea is ot eiiet beause adiatio esistae, gai ad badwidt ae edued ad teee atea size is ieased. Fatal geomety is vey good solutio tis poblem. Tese stutues ae eogized by tei sel similaity popety ad atioal dimesio [6-8]. I te eet yeas, te geometial popeties o sel simila ad spae illig atue as motivated atea desig egiees to adopt tis geomety a viable alteative to meet te taget o multibad opeatio. Fatal dimesios, sel simila ad salig popeties, aateize tese stutues. Te stutues tat ae studied as atea ae ot te oe tat we obtaied ate iiite iteatio but tose ate iite iteatios as 108 desied by te desige. Te spae illig popety lead to uves tose ae eletially vey log but it ito a ompat pysial spae. Tis popety a lead to te miiatuizatio o ateas [9-10]. 2. ANTENNA GEOMETRY Te poposed atea osists o a Siepiski apet adiato o te top side o substate mateial. A substate mateial o RT-duoid wit dieleti ostat 2.2 ad loss taget is take i te desig. Te Siepiski apet atea is i essee a squae metalli pat divided ito dieet oguet sub squaes as sow i te igue. Ulike to te oigial Siepiski atea ostutios epoted i te liteatue i wi smalle slot elemets ae added to te basi stutue [11-12], i te ew desig, ige iteatios, te smalle slot elemets ae subtated. I te ist iteatio, equal spaed double squae slots ae plaed o te two sides o te pat as sow i igue 1. I te seod iteatio, sigle olum squae slots ae plaed o eite side to te pat as sow i igue 2. Fom tid iteatio owads we ieased te umbe o slots ad plaed tem i a systemati way. Te eedig loatio is let uoveed wit slots to elimiate eedig poblems. Te total dimesio o te atea is aoud 80X80X1.6 mm. Te alulatio esoat equey oespodig to te opeatig bad is Fo ovetioal siepiski gasket geomety, te sale ato is take to be two. Sog et al poposed te ollowig expessio te esoat equey i a give bad, wi is valid eve i ases wee te geomety is petubed to get dieet sale atos: 1 ( ) ( ) k Wee is te atio o te eigt o te gasket i te k t k 1 1 iteatio to tat i te (k+1) t iteatio ad, is te sale ato, as metioed. I 2 te is 0.5, ad,

2 0, k 0 x 1, k 1 Te simpliiatio o te equatio povided by te Puete et al.is illustated as 245 o te above otes,te equatio wit te eetive eigt, osideatio o te lagest siepiksi gasket a be give as: [ ( )] 0. I ligt s e is give as 3 e s e 2 s s t( ) e 0.5 Wit t beig te eetive tikess o te substate, te ilusio o te eetive eigt a be give as simulato o te Fiite Elemet Metod (FEM). By osideig te eletial pemae o te atea, simulatio esults o etu loss paamete S11 ae sow i igue 2, wi osistig o etu loss uve all te iteatios wit espet to te equey. Te impedae matig equiemets at tese equeies ae ully satisied as idiated by te simulated values o S11, te etu loss ad te esoatig equeies ae tabulated all eigt iteatios ae peseted i te table 1. Te badwidt o te atea is alulated at -6dB etu loss by takig its limits at te uppe equey ad lowe equey. ( x ) 0.26 e e ( ) Figue 2 : Retu loss Vs Fequey all te s We a use te ollowig expessio te peditio o te esoat equey: ( x) 0.26 ( ) I te above equatio Figue 3: VSWR Vs Fequey all te s Fo ist ive iteatios te atal atea is esoatig at sigle bad, but om iteatio six to eigt, it is esoatig at dual bad. Supisigly all te eigt iteatio models tee is o su age i te esoat equey, exept te dual bad om iteatio six. Te peak gai ad adiatio eiiey is also sowig stable esults all te iteatios. Figue 1: Siepiski Capet Fatal Atea s 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION I ode to assess te eetiveess ad eliability o te desig, aalysis is aied out ad some epesetative esults ae epoted i te ollowig to give a oveview o te pemae. All te simulated data ave bee obtaied by meas o a eletomageti 109 Figue 4 : Radiatio Patte at pi=0 0 ad 90 0 at 3GHz ad 4.3 GHz o 8

3 Figue 5 : Cuet distibutio plots 8 s Table 1 : Atea Results S.No Resoat equey(ghz) Retu loss(db) VSWR Gai(dB) % Badwidt % % % % % & & & % & & & % & & & % 110

4 Table 2: Atea Output Paametes S.No Atea Paametes Max U Peak Dietivity Peak gai Peak ealized gai 5 Radiated powe 6 Aepted powe 7 Iidet powe 8 Radiatio eiiey 9 Fot to bak atio , Fo essetial evilemet o atal beavio o te poposed geomety, we illustated suae uet distibutio o esoat equeies o all te models, as sow i te igue 5. Te atal ateas ae ed wit oaxial pobe wit peet matig by plaig at pope eed loatio. EM wave popagates alog te atal lateal sides to te base side atteuatig o ad o. Low equey as log wavelegt ad a tavel to te utemost wile ig equey as a sote wavelegt ad a oly tavel to te poximal eds away om te base side veties. Figue 4 sows te atea adiatio patte at pi=0 0 ad 90 0 iteatio 8, wi is esoatig at dual bad. 4. CONCLUSION Novel Fatal miostip ateas wit dieet iteatios ae suessully demostated. Te atea is ompat, simple to desig ad easy to abiate. A sigiiat stable gai is aieved. Te poposed atea as iula polaizatio at oe o its esoae equeies, wi is ealized by poduig a petubatio o its iitial stutue. Fute miiatuizatio o atea is obtaied by uttig slots o its stutue. Te etu loss ad te gai ae almost stable at te esoatig equeies all te iteatios ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Autos like to expess tei gatitude towads Depatmet o ECE ad maagemet o K L Uivesity tei suppot ad eouagemet duig tis wok. Fute autos like to tak E.K.Satyaaayaa gau, Pesidet, K L Uivesity povidig exellet R&D ailities at ECE depatmet o K L Uivesity to ay out tis wok. Tis wok is suppoted by depatmet o siee ad teology (SR/FST/EIT-316/2012) toug FIST pogam. REFERENCES: [1] Vioy, K. J., Fatal saped atea elemets widead multi-bad wieless appliatios, Tesis, Pesylvaia, Aug [2] Giavittoio, J., Fatal ateas: Desig, aateizatio ad appliatio, Maste s Tesis, Uivesity o Caliia, Los Ageles, [3] D.H. Wee, R.L. Haupt, P.L. Wee, Fatal Atea EgieeigTe Teoy ad Desig o Fatal Atea Aays, IEEE Ateas ad Popagatio Magazie, vol. 41, No.5, pp.37-59, Otobe 1999.

5 Auto Biogapy [4] J. Aguea, C. Puete, C. Boja, ad J. Sole, Fatalsaped ateas: a eview, iwiley Eylopedia o RF ad Miowave Egieeig, K. Cag, Ed., vol. 2, pp , Wiley, New Yok, NY, USA, [5] J. P. Giavittoio ad Y. Ramat-Samii, Fatal ateas: a ovel atea miiatuizatio teique, ad appliatios, IEEE Ateas ad Popagatio Magazie, vol. 44, o. 1, pp , [6] W.-L. Ce, G.-M.Wag, ad C.-X. Zag, Badwidt eaemet o a miostip-lie-ed pited wide-slot atea wit a atal-saped slot, IEEE Tas. Ateas Popag., vol. 57, o. 7, pp , Jul [7] D. H. Wee ad S. Gaguly, A oveview o atal atea egieeig esea, IEEE Tas. Ateas Popag. Mag., vol. 45, o. 1, pp , Ja [8] S.-L. Yag, A. M. Kisk, ad K.-F. Lee, Widebad iulaly polaized atea wit L-saped slot, IEEE Tas. Ateas Popag., vol. 56, o. 6, pp , Ju [9] J. Giavittoio, Fatal Ateas: Desig, Caateizatio ad Appliatios. Los Ageles: Uiv. o Caliia, B.T.P.Madav was bo i Idia, A.P, i He eeived te B.S, M.S, MBA, M.Te degees om Nagajua Uivesity, A.P, Idia i 2001, 2003, 2007, ad 2009 espetively. Now e is pusuig is PD i te ield o ateas om K L Uivesity. Fom e woked as letue ad om 2007 to 2011 e woked as Assistat Poesso ad om 2011 to till date e is wokig as Assoiate Poesso i Eletois ad Commuiatio Egieeig. He as publised moe ta 135 papes i Iteatioal, Natioal jouals ad Coeees. He is eviewe tee iteatioal jouals ad seved as eviewe tee iteatioal oeees. His esea iteests ilude ateas, liquid ystals appliatios ad wieless ommuiatios. He is a lie membe o ISTE, IACSIT, IRACST, IAENG, UACEE ad ellow o IAEME. He is oe o te editoial boad membe o IJETAE, TIJCSE, IJECR, ad IJECSE, IJARCSEE, IJCER, IJLRST, IJAEEE, IJAEST, IJITCS, IJACT. Teial boad membe o IJETTCS. Advisoy boad membe o IJEIT ad WARSE. He is atig as Sub-Edito IJST. [10] C. Boja ad J. Romeu, Fato vibatio modes i te Siepiski miostip pat atea, i Po. IEEE Ateas Popag. So. It.Symp., Bosto, Jul. 2001, pp [11] C. T. P. Sog, P. S. Hall, ad P. S. Gaoui-Siaz, Soted Siepiski gasket moopole atea, IEE Eleto. Lett., vol. 37, o. 16, pp , [12] B.T.P.Madav, J. Ravidaat Cowday, Potlui Niaai, A. Siva Nageda Reddy, S. Hais Cakavaty, Fatal Apetue Atea Wi-Fi Appliatio, Elixi Ele. Egg. ISSN: X, Vol 54, Issue 1, (2013), pp