Livable Community Principles City of North Las Vegas, Nevada June, 2005 Dan Burden, Glatting Jackson and Walkable Communities, Inc.

Transcription

1 Livable Community Principles City of North Las Vegas, Nevada June, 2005 Dan Burden, Glatting Jackson and Walkable Communities, Inc. What is the Purpose of Cities? 1

2 Dan has learned to see the world through the lens of his camera, carefully picking subjects of interest to illustrate his view of the world. Jon Marty Paul Earl Dale There is a saying among National Geographic photographers. National Geographic photographers stand on top of the garbage cans to photograph the flowers while Life magazine photographers stand in the flowers to photograph the garbage cans. Photo by Paul Dan s Arm Mayors Institute on City Design Charleston, South Carolina National Endowment of the Arts and the American Institute of Architects Debbie -- Retired School Teacher Painted rainbow crosswalks throughout town 2

3 What is your vision of Homer, Alaska? 3

4 What is Place? Littleton, New Hampshire Thornton, Colorado 4

5 100% Location Five Minute Walk 100% Location 100% Location Bridge Appropriate Technology Lift Visual Treats Activity Center 5

6 The World is Changing Expect: Option One: 25% more traffic every ten years. More intersections failing. More people spreading out into canyons, ridges and other high risk locations. Also Expect: More cars per household Limited new lanes and limits on intersections being rebuilt More demand for slowing traffic More demand for traffic to stay in motion More demand for safer streets More demand for quieter streets Los Angeles, Then Los Angeles, Now In the next past fifty years transportation planners/engineers have: will: Removed Add parking parking for safety for safety Removed Add trees for trees safety for safety Added Remove lanes for for safety Widened Narrow lanes for for safety Widened Narrow Intersections for for safety Taken Add sidewalks out sidewalks for added for added capacity capacity In the past future traffic planners and engineers have will be been seen seen as heroes as villains and heroines leading leading to the to decline the rise of cities and quality of life. 6

7 Option Two: People once fled cities for their health Return to Traditional streets and land uses More connectivity More walking, bicycling and transit People living closer to services, shorter trips by time and distance More funding for well located engine houses Improved and more appropriate equipment More ways to respond Fewer personal injury auto crashes Tennessee Avenue, Tallahassee, Florida Today people are returning to cities for their health Portland, Oregon 7

8 America s high level of dependence upon the automobile has lowered the standard of living, snarled traffic and lowered air quality. 8

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10 Designed by college graduates Narrow streets Short blocks Tight corner radii Great plazas Beautiful buildings Limited parking new Town, Key West, Florida Built by Pirates Old Town, Key West, Florida 10

11 Cars are happiest When they have Unlimited Freedom -- When few other cars are around Victoria, British Columbi a People are Happiest when there are many others around. Victoria, British Columbia DAN I HAVE ED YOU BEFORE. I HAVE A JOB OFFER IN SARATOGA SPRINGS (I'M FROM NEW YORK CITY). I DON'T DRIVE. IS IT TRULY WALKABLE IF I LIVED DOWNTOWN? THANKS AGAIN JEANNIE Yes, Jeannie it is Okay to downtown Saratoga Springs. Great Place. Enjoy! 11

12 Places of Discovery The Greatest Access on Earth 12

13 Building from our Values Standard Of Living Quality Of Life Very High Low 13

14 People Active Transportation Living By Design 14

15 Compact, lively town center Low speed streets, distributed volumes Fine grained streets, many trails, transit links Neighborhood schools and parks, within one quarter mile or one eighth mile Ten Steps To Walkability Public places with inviting features: benches, restrooms, shade, water and art Convenient, safe and efficient crossings Many people of all ages and abilities walking many hours Celebrated public space and public life, parades, markets, festivals, awards Land use and transportation partnerships Affordable, inspiring, well maintained streets and homes. Not Walkable High Car Dependency Serious Congestion Walkable Low Car Dependency Moderate Congestion The Popsicle Test Can you take a Popsicle to your your brother or sister from the store to your house before it melts? 15

16 Sprawl Origins and Sustainability 2001 National Geographic Magazine Article on Sprawl 1550 feet from NOTHING Orlando, Florida Photo by: Newsday Levittown New York 16

17 Pattern: Low Density(1-3 units/acre) Sprawl Costs: Does not pay its fair share Takes money from and weakens town center Takes over valuable forests, fields wetlands, preserves Moves town resources outward Fuels urban flight Forces other harmful land use Builds traffic congestion Adds to isolation, NIMBYism Trip Generation and Trip Quality Land Use Patterns 9 Traditional Conventional Soccer 4 5 Home

18 Connectivity Options Disappearing Trips Traditional Interior Perimeter Single Entry B B A Connected Street Spacing None A C Ped/Bike Spacing None C Connected Road Character All Streets Fronted Connectors Fronted Connectors Walled (No Connection) 3 Destinations 6 ITE Trips 3 Destinations 2 ITE Trips Bigger is Not better Parks It is always easier to leave Churches problems behind than it Shopping is to solve them Postal Lack of courage? Today The we bigger are learning the attraction, to the Face Fewer these people challenges What have Is access This? and We are The running more people out of have room to ask And resources for a ride. Provide Services Downtowns should provide essential services Postal Residential Commercial Public Space Restrooms Ferndale California 18

19 Not a good place Seniors The Cycle of Strip Development Poor Location for Shopping Plaza Okay Location for Shopping Plaza Best Location for Shopping Plaza Not a good place people with disabilities INPUTS Auto Oriented Business Single Use Zoning Single Family Residential Land Use Use Planning GROWTH GROWTH OUTCOMES Wider Roads Induced Traffic More Traffic Not a good place for the town hall Not a good place for multi-family OUTCOMES Isolated Neighborhoods Multiple Automobile Trips Poor Mobility Difficult Walking GROWTH GROWTH Transportation Planning INPUTS Traffic Demand Forecasting Congestion Breaking The Cycle of Strip Development INPUTS Diversity of Business Mixed Use Zoning Diversity of Residential Units Context Sensitive Solutions Community Involvement Land Use Community Transportation Planning Planning Planning Five keys to Success of Place Security Convenience Efficiency Comfort Welcome OUTCOMES Healthy Neighborhoods Choices of Transportation More Open Space Sense of Place Sense of Community GROWTH OUTCOMES Increased Mobility More Walking & Bicycling Increased Access 19

20 Density with Design Density with Design Dover Kohl & Partners Dover Kohl & Partners 1980s & 90s: Density, but In New Projects: Maintain the Relationship of Building and the Street Density with Design Density with Design In New Projects: Make the Streets Good Neighbors Dover Kohl & Partners In New Projects: Promote the Street as an Amenity, and Inspire Investment Dover Kohl & Partners 20

21 Victoria British Columbia Welcoming Eatery and Defensible Space 21

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23 Broadway, Vancouver, British Columbia 23

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25 Is This a House or a Garage? 25

26 Build for Multiple Uses Beauty Function Open Space Diversity, Inclusiveness Art/Music Green Friendly Economic prosperity Which building looks most like Southern Texas?? 26

27 40% of apartment residents choose to rent for lifestyle reasons not because they have to. Nearly one-quarter of renters earn $50K or more. Sources: Fannie Mae Foundation; U.S. Census Bureau Attracting the Best Some of the same solutions to our growth-related challenges, can help support new housing options. Crime and other social issues are highly correlated to lack of ownership, investment and pride. Attracting the Best Higher-density development offers homes that are within reach of vital community members such as: Teachers Nurses Fire fighters Police officers and our own children! A Plan for Tomorrow Build a new model. Strong, healthy communities have: Walkable, mixed-uses mixed income A rich mix of homes for a wide range of residents Many conveniences Green space Ownership/pride Strong economies Low crime Balanced budgets du/a du/a du/a 6-9 du/a 27

28 Sources: Massachusetts Citizens Housing and Planning Association; Byrne McKinney & Associates and Goody Clancy Architecture, Planning and Preservation Attract new retail development. Attract new retail development du/acre Densities of 8 to 12 homes per acre can create compact low-rise centers that can support a lively business district, mixed uses, and public transit nodes du/acre Densities of 8 to 12 homes per acre can create compact low-rise centers that can support a lively business district, mixed uses, and public transit nodes du/acre 1,000 to 2,000 new houses and apartments within a minute walk can support new retail areas. 1,000 to 2,000 new houses and apartments within a minute walk can support new retail areas du/acre 28

29 Thornton Park, Orlando, Florida Commercial, Retail, Residential Du/a

30 Du/a Du/a Du/a

31 Density Distribution Robinson Speeds reduced from to

32 Scaleybark Station South Corridor Station Areas New Bern Station Woodlawn Station Freeway Tyvola Station Archdale Station Arrowood Station Los Vegas Boulevard and Lake Mead Sharon Road West Station Arrowood Existing Conditions Arrowood Pedestrian Vision 32

33 Arrowood Bicycle Vision ARROWOOD URBAN DESIGN VISION 33

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35 Civic Center and Lake Mead Civic Center and Lake Mead 35

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