Regulatory framework on free-floating bike share for Flemish and Dutch cities Case Leuven. Tim Asperges Advisor mobility policy Leuven

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1 Regulatory framework on free-floating bike share for Flemish and Dutch cities Case Leuven Tim Asperges Advisor mobility policy Leuven

congestion Modal split 40% commuting/ school trips

2 Population: inhabitants students + increasing number of jobs Dynamic city: 20 km east of Brussels Capital Fastest growing city in Belgium Challenges on traffic congestion Modal split 40% commuting/ school trips by bicycle 20% cycling in all trips Leuven Vision and ambitions LKN 2030

3 High dynamic region increase transport trips / congestion Inhabitants: (2017) (2030) Students: (2017) (2030) Jobs: (2030) 3

8 Business City s government Academia Community

10 STORY SOCIAL POWER SCIENCE

11 City vision SUMP bicycle policy plan Public bikes in last mile public transport chain / interchanging point (major PT-Hubs, Park and Rides) Bike sharing for specific target groups: (VeloKadee, Velo at school, cargobikesharing system, ) Citywide bike bike to many sharing system???? freefloating????? Bicycle owner ship is KEY to higher cycle use Bicycle parking management to decrease level of bike parking pressure on public domain by: o High level of bicycle parking offer: short term, long term, resident parking,. o High level op bicycle parking management / enforcement (orphan bikes)

12 Back to one bike sharing system Blue-Bike 1. PT-Hubs 2. Park & Ride 3. Integrated in MaaS High service level expensive system

13 Bike sharing for specific target groups - VeloKadée VeloKadée - Affordable growing-up-bike -60 per year -12 for social target groups

14 Bike sharing for specific target groups Velo at School Velo at school - Shared bikes for short school trips - Replacement of bus trips per bike full service contract - Local social economy company Velo vzw

15 Bike sharing for specific target groups Buggy Booker

17 Bike sharing for specific target groups Cargobike sharing Start up civil coperation energy shared e-mobility e-cargobike for every neighbourhood Cargoroo system

Status of shared mobility in Leuven To Aarschot Abdij van keizersberg Stella Artois Cambio car

Buurt Centrum Shared kid s bike Gasthuisberg Buurt Centrum Kruid tuin STUK Grote Markt Trein

existing locations, 6 in inner city) Another 32 locations are under planning - in and around

19 Status of shared mobility in Leuven To Aarschot Abdij van keizersberg Stella Artois Cambio car share at more than 30 locations in and around inner city Blue-bike (180) at Railway Station Kerk Buurt Centrum Shared kid s bike Gasthuisberg Buurt Centrum Kruid tuin STUK Grote Markt Trein Station Stad Kantoor Pram/buggy on shared basis at Grote Markt Vehicle charging points (Total 15 existing locations, 6 in inner city) Another 32 locations are under planning - in and around inner city Phillips Site An implementation of Cargo bike share and Free-Floating bike share system are in process

20 Concept of Mobipunt in Flanders The mobipunt is a place where car sharing, bicycle facilities and a stop for collective transport (public transport, office bus or shuttle bus) can be created. It has a unique branding and unique name. Types of locations can be in neighborhoods, public parkings, business zones etc. It can be set up in both urban and rural areas. Please refer for more details Essential Functions Space for Car Share Space for Bike share Public Transport Stop Shuttle or office bus Stop, Bicycle parking Facilities for extra comfort Public space, waiting area and sitting spaces Dustbins Well-lit up spaces Toilet and place for baby care WIFI Additional mobility functions Electric charging point Velo boxes for parking bicycles in a locked space Cycle repairing facilities K+R zone Carpool Zone Additional facilities Shared digital lockers (for online shopping delivery, AirBnB, shared kid s car chair etc) Charging points for smart phones Post box Information board (neibourhood activities, real time PT info etc) Book exchange cabinet, free newspaper and magazine distribution cabinet Refrigerated lockers for

22 But what about free floating

bikes Coin acces Smart stations Smart Bikes Overheid als opdrachtgever Interoperable (MaaS)

23 5th generation bike sharing Gratis fietsen Coin acces Slimme stations Docking stations Domme fietsen Slimme fietsen App s Real time info Interoperabel / MaaS Freefloating Multi-aanbieders Free bikes Coin acces Smart stations Smart Bikes Overheid als opdrachtgever Interoperable (MaaS) Overheid als kaderstellend Initiative by Local Government Initiative by market Local Government as Market Master

24 Types of bike sharing 24

25 Why the Chinese are comming?

26 Why the Chinese are comming? Knocking at the door of Leuven.. Flemish and Dutch cities Chinese aanbieders: OFO, O-Bike, Mobike, Cronos, Urbo Europese/Belgische aanbieders: Mobit, Clear Channel, Urbo, Donky.Republic

27 Why the Chinese are comming? Waarom komen de Chinezen? Recent capital injections: o Ofo 580 milj $ o Mobike 410 milj $ o Bluegogo 65 milj $ o Investors: Didi, Allipay, WeChat, 50 milj shared bikes by end 2018 in Chinese cities Taking the European and American market 1. Online payment platforms are the major trigger for investors. (New banks, Ofo asked bank licence in Luxemburg) 2. Data and behaviour of users are the second trigger for investors. (In Smart Cities data = money) 3. Advertisements via Smartphones/apps are the third trigger for investors. The quality / service level of the mobility product and the quality of our public domain is/was a minor trigger for investors.

28 Why the Chinese are leaving?

29 Why the Chinese are leaving?

30 Mythes (1): More bicycle use because of bike sharing? Bike sharing suppliers promise MORE cycle use with LESS bikes Following exercise nuances this impact for the Leuven innercity: +/- number of inh., students, employees, visitors = Number of trips per day = 3,5 (OVG Flanders) Bike share in modal split city centre Leuve = 41 % TOTAL NUMBER OF CYCLE TRIPS IN CITY CENTRE LEUVEN = ca public bikes 5 trips per day per bike (= high level of public bike use). TOTAL NUMBER OF PUBLIC BIKE TRIPS IN CITY CENTRE LEUVEN = ca Public bikes represent max. 2% of all trips in city centre of Leuven or 5% of all cycle trips To catch all cycle trips in the city centre of Leuven you need min public bikes. 95% of cycle trips will always be done by private/lease bikes

31 Mythes (2): More public bikes Less bicycle parking pressure Recent experiences with freefloating public bikes are not very promissing

32 Mythes (2): More public bikes Less bicycle parking pressure Also freefloating bikes need parking facilities / public space!! Ex. At 4h30 p.m the number of riding shared bikes will be limited. The freefloaters also need 1 to 1 parking space Station based public bikes guarantee for bikes AND space to park the bikes. Can freefloating offer the same service level? What at public spaces with a high bicycle parking pressure? What guarantee to have a bike for the return trip? You need a high density of freefloating bikes to offer the same service level as station based public bikes. There is no experience yet that existing cyclists massively change the personalized bike for a public bike.

33 Shared bicycle can support Increase in cycle use, Decrease of bicycle parking pressure, Decrease of car use / possession If they fit in an integrated cycling strategy

34 Fietsbezit = sleutel voor meer fietsgebruik Conclusie: In een fietsstad zoals Leuven is fietsbezit nog steeds de belangrijkste sleutel tot meer fietsgebruik. Deelfietsen zijn een welkome aanvulling op het vervoersaanbod voor zowel bezoekers als bewoners en moeten vooral gezien worden als aanvulling op het openbaar vervoer. (= vraagafhankelijk aanvullend OV vervoersregio s) Vb. 25% van de Velo-ritten vindt plaats tssn 22:00 en 6:00, als alternatief voor het dan ontbrekende openbaar vervoer. Deelfietsen brengen de fiets op een toegankelijke manier bij nieuwe doelgroepen die nog niet fietsen. Net zoals bij autodelen, kan een deelfiets een welkome aanvulling zijn in het vervoersaanbod voor doelgroepen die af en toe een (deel)fiets nodig hebben. Vb. 1 maal per week gaan winkelen met een deelbakfiets. Deelfietsen kunnen een vervanger zijn voor de (tweede) stationsfiets, sporadisch gebruikte studentenfiets, reservefiets, waardoor ze een positieve impact kunnen hebben op de fietsparkeerdruk

rules: - High service level for end user - Protecting the

35 Flemish and dutch cities prepared a regulaory frame work for (freefloating) bike sharing Defining the playing rules: - High service level for end user - Protecting the quality of the public domain - Innovation through stimulating market

36 Local governement as market master Free Parking Drop Zone Parking Zone Reserved parkingspace Stations Freedom flexibility Cost Space regulating Local Government as Market Master 36

37 Market regulation : liberating - regulating - stimulating Open - License/permit - concession - tender

38 yes, no provider = only = without

39 Bikesharing policy buttons! Operator quality Service quality Space usage Data Interoperability MaaS Enforcement

41 Geofencing - Afspraken gebruik openbaar domein - Handhaving mogelijk op voorwaarde dat GPS is geïnstalleerd

42 Hybrid systems No FREE FLOATING in areas with high parking pressure FREE FLOATING in areas with less parking pressure

43 Clustering shared mobility services - e-hubs To Aarschot Vision: Providing e-mobility as a service and last mile connectivity through shared spaces Abdij van keizersberg Stella Artois City wide distribution of e-hubs with varied level of service(12-15 Kerk Buurt Centrum locations) Trein Station Stad Kantoor Can support existing and future Gasthuisberg Buurt Centrum Grote Markt demands Kruid tuin Smooth transition from other modes STUK of transport Integrated with regional mobility plans and development plans Phillips Site Easy for users

Concept of Mobipunt in Flanders Essential Functions Space for Car Share Space for Bike share Public Transport Stop Shuttle or office bus Stop, Bicycle parking Facilities for extra comfort Additional

44 Concept of Mobipunt in Flanders Essential Functions Space for Car Share Space for Bike share Public Transport Stop Shuttle or office bus Stop, Bicycle parking Facilities for extra comfort Additional mobility functions Electric charging point Velo boxes for parking bicycles in a locked space Cycle repairing facilities K+R zone Carpool Zone Additional facilities The mobipunt is a place where car sharing, bicycle facilities and a stop for collective transport (public transport, office bus or shuttle bus) can be created. It has a unique branding and unique name. Types of locations can be in neighborhoods, public parkings, business zones etc. It can be set up in both urban and rural areas. Please refer for more details Public space, waiting area and sitting spaces Dustbins Well-lit up spaces Toilet and place for baby care WIFI Shared digital lockers (for online shopping delivery, AirBnB, shared kid s car chair etc) Charging points for smart phones Post box Information board (neibourhood activities, real time PT info etc) Book exchange cabinet, free newspaper and magazine distribution cabinet Refrigerated lockers for

46 E-HUBS + MaaS = Physical Internet

Overstraetenplein 1-3000 Leuven T +32 (0)16

50 Tim Asperges Urban planner / advisor mobility policy Professor Van Overstraetenplein Leuven T +32 (0) M +32 (0) Tim.asperges@leuven.be

The benefits of cycling. Enfield conference 8 april 2016

The benefits of cycling. Enfield conference 8 april 2016 The benefits of cycling Enfield conference 8 april 2016 Frans Botma City of the Hague Department of Urban Development/Traffic Key Figures Population & jobs 2011: 0,5 million (city) - 1 million (agglomeration)