ANNUAL VEHICLE CRASH ANALYSIS: 2017

Transcription

1 ANNUAL VEHICLE CRASH ANALYSIS: 2017 Sarah Van Woert, CRIME ANALYSIS UNIT ST. LOUIS COUNTY POLICE DEPARTMENT

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3 CONTENTS Introduction Overview... 2 Multi Year Comparison... 7 Crashes with Injury...10 Fatal Crashes...13 Contributing Factor Analysis...17 Five Major Roadway Analysis...21 Clayton Road...22 Highway Highway Manchester Road...28 Old State Road...30 Other Roads of Interest...32 Roundabout Analysis...35 Deer Strike Analysis...37 Conclusion...40 Recommendations...41 Glossary of Terms

4 INTRODUCTION The St. Louis County Police Department produces an annual report identifying the locations and trends of automobile crashes occurring within the. By identifying the locations and trends of crashes, the purpose of this report is to help the St. Louis County Police Department,, the St. Louis County Department of Transportation, and Missouri Department of Transportation. Beyond determining where the St. Louis County Police Department should conduct directed traffic enforcement, this report further aims to help aid the, the St. Louis County Department of Transportation, and the Missouri Department of Transportation in making changes to infrastructure. For instance, refining road signage, making roadway improvements, adjusting speed limits, and promoting safer driving behaviors are alternatives to enforcement, which should be considered when discussing crash reduction efforts within Wildwood. The overall goal of this process is to reduce the total number of crashes, and additionally, to reduce the number of injuries and deaths which occur because of crashes. The information in this report was gathered from reports prepared for vehicle crashes which occurred within the from January 1, 2017 to December 31, It is important to understand while most crashes are reported, some crashes go unreported and are not be accounted for in this report. Crash data is gathered manually and entered into an independent database at the Wildwood Precinct. A significant effort was made to correct data errors and to ensure validity. Some changes in the methodology of report preparation occurred to present the most valid data possible. Consequently, some inconsistencies may be noticeable if a comparison is made with any previously published annual crash reports. This analysis includes the following: an overview of the crashes in 2017 including an analysis of crashes resulting in injuries or fatalities, probable contributing circumstances, a comparison of the number of crashes occurring annually between 2013 and 2017, an analysis of the crashes occurring on the 5 major roadways, roundabouts, and deer strike locations OVERVIEW Overall in 2017, the saw a 1.9% decrease in the number of crashes compared to 2016, decreasing from 523 to 513 crashes. Figure 1 on page 4 shows the concentration of crashes by street segment. This map shows the streets with the highest concentration of crashes in red and lower concentrations in blue. Table 1 and Table 2 list the locations of crashes which occurred in the in Alike to both 2015 and 2016, Highway 109 and Highway 100 are the roadways with the highest number of crashes. Beyond location, several other factors can influence the number of crashes such as time of day, day of the week, road type and weather conditions. To analyze crashes related to the time of day, crashes were grouped into four broad time-of-day ranges which correlate to heavy traffic periods. While the time periods are not uniformly 2

5 divided into equal time periods, they divide a 24-hour period into identifiable time periods for purposes of comparison. The first group consists of crashes which occurred between 6am and 9am, which is the morning rush hour. The next group consists of crashes which occurred during the day between 9am and 3pm, followed by the evening rush hour consisting of crashes occurring between 3pm and 7pm. The last group is the overnight hours of 7pm to 6am. In 2017, the day time hours experienced approximately 31% of the crashes, which is the same as was experienced in The time of day with the second highest percentage of crashes was the evening rush hour with 29.4% of the crashes, compared to (31%) in The overnight hours experienced 24.6% of the crashes, compared to (23.6%) in 2015 and Finally, the morning rush hour accounted for 15% of the total number of crashes, compared to (13.6%) in Due to the differing numbers of hours in each of the defined time periods, it is important to look at the average number of calls each hour during the period. While the daytime hours had the largest percentage of crashes overall, the evening rush hour between 3pm and 7pm had the highest number of crashes per hour. The evening rush hour had 38 crashes per hour on average, while the day time hours had 26 crashes per hour. The morning rush hour had 25 crashes per hour and the overnight hours had 11 crashes per hour. Table 3 (see page 7) shows a comparison of crashes by day of the week and hour of the day. The day of the week with the highest volume of crashes was Wednesday and Thursday. Additionally, the time of the day with the highest number of crashes was 3pm, which was the same as Data from 2017 revealed the highest volume of crashes occurred on Thursdays at 3pm, compared to Wednesday at 3pm in Overall, the time of vehicle crashes remained quite similar to what was seen in In addition to temporal factors, environmental factors, particularly weather, may contribute to the number of crashes occurring in the. The condition of pavement due to weather conditions at the time a crash occurs is noted in crash reports. In 2017, 84.41% of crashes occurred on dry pavement versus 13.84% on wet pavement, 0.39% on icy pavement, and 0.19% on snowy pavement, and 1.17% on unknown road conditions (delayed reports not investigated at the scene where road condition at the time of crash could not be determined by investigating officer). Overall, 14.42% of crashes occurred on roads that were not classified as dry. Along with road condition, the roadway type can influence the number of crashes. Figure 2 (see page 6) shows the number of crashes per type of roadway in To make this comparison, roadways are classified into five categories: 5 major roadways (Clayton Road, Highway 100, Highway 109, Manchester Road and Old State Road these are roadways which transect a significant portion of the city and have high traffic volume), city streets, and private property. The 5 major roads are typically the roads with the most crashes, which is no different than previous years. 3

6 FIGURE 1 4

7 TABLE 1 Number of Crashes by Location in Port Of Nantucket 1 Alt Rd 3 Hwy T 4 Sandalwood Creek Village Plaza View 1 Bald Eagle 1 Jedberg Rd 1 Shepard Rd Village Plaza View 1 Bay Harbour Ct 1 Jubilee Hill Dr 1 St Albans Rd Manchester Rd 1 Beacon Point Ln 1 Kehrs Mill 3 St Paul Rd Manchester Rd 1 Berry Hollow 1 Kolbie Manor 1 Still Creek Pass Manchester Rd 1 Booness Ln 1 Lace Bark Ct 1 Stonington Forest Dr Clayton Rd 8 Bountiful Pointe Cir 1 Lasiandra Dr 1 Strecker Rd Manchester Rd 2 Bouquet Rd 1 Main St 2 Taylor Rd Pond 1 Cambury Ln 1 Manchester Rd 22 Third St Manchester Rd 1 Caulks Creek Ridge 1 Maple Crossing 2 Thunderhead Canyon Hidden Valley 1 Centaur Rd 2 Mission Bay Ct 1 Timber Ridge Estates Centaur Rd 1 Cherry Hills Meadows 1 Model Realty 1 Turnberry Pl Woodmor Ridge Dr 1 Clayton Rd 39 Nantucket Island 1 Valley Rd Rue De La Salle 1 Darthmouth Crossing 1 Nantucket Meadows 1 Victoria Crossing Hwy Dartmouth Bend 1 New College Ave 5 Village Hills Pkwy Taylor Rd 2 Forest Leaf Parkway 1 Old Eatherton Rd 5 Washington Ave Taylor Rd 1 Fox Creek 9 Old Fairway 1 Waterford Manor Taylor Rd 5 Garden Valley 1 Old State Rd 24 Westglen Farms Timber Ridge Estates 1 Grand Meridien Ct 1 Orrville Rd 1 Westhampton View Old Eatherton Rd 1 Hickory Crest 2 Ossenfort Rd 2 Westhampton Woods Harbour Pointe Dr 1 Hickory Pine Ln 2 Peppermill Dr 1 Wild Horse Creek Hwy Hidden Valley 2 Pine Bend Dr 1 Wildridge Dr Fountain Pl 1 Highland Summit Dr 1 Pond Rd 4 Windsor Meadow Golden Cherry 1 Hunters Spur 1 Radcliffe Place Dr 1 Woods Rd Crown Pointe Estates 1 Hwy Ridge Rd Strecker 1 Hwy Rieger Rd 2 Allenton Rd 3 Hwy BA 5 Rosemar Ln 1 5

8 # of Crashes TABLE 2 Location by Number of Crashes in 2017 (Highest to Lowest) Hwy Ossenfort Rd Rue De La Salle 1 Kolbie Manor 1 Hwy Hwy Fountain Pl 1 Sandalwood Creek 1 Clayton Rd 39 Rieger Rd 2 Rosemar Ln 1 Lace Bark Ct 1 Old State Rd Taylor Rd Golden Cherry 1 St Albans Rd 1 Manchester Rd 22 Hickory Pine Ln 2 Cambury Ln 1 Lasiandra Dr 1 Strecker Rd 11 St Paul Rd 2 Highland Summit Dr 1 Still Creek Pass 1 Fox Creek 9 Hidden Valley Taylor Rd 1 Beacon Point Ln Clayton Rd 8 Thunderhead Canyon 2 Hunters Spur 1 Caulks Creek Ridge Dr 1 Wild Horse Creek Manchester Rd 2 Turnberry Pl Pond 1 Valley Rd 7 Maple Crossing Manchester Rd 1 Third St 1 Taylor Rd Timber Ridge Estates 1 Washington Ave 1 Berry Hollow 1 Old Eatherton Rd Hwy Village Plaza Vw 1 Timber Ridge Estates Taylor Rd 5 Pine Bend Dr 1 Westhampton Woods 1 Mission Bay Ct 1 New College Ave Manchester Rd 1 Orrville Rd Village Plaza View 1 Highway BA Crown Pointe Estates Harbour Pointe Dr 1 Model Realty 1 Woods Rd 4 Darthmouth Crossing Port Of Nantucket 1 Village Hills Pkwy 1 Shepard Rd 4 Cherry Hills Meadows 1 Booness Ln 1 Nantucket Island 1 Pond Rd 4 Dartmouth Bend 1 Bald Eagle 1 Waterford Manor Ct 1 Hwy T 4 Bountiful Pointe Cir 1 Peppermill Dr 1 Nantucket Meadows 1 Westglen Farms 4 Forest Leaf Parkway 1 Jedberg Rd 1 Westhampton View 1 Kehrs Mill 3 Stonington Forest Dr Woodmor Ridge Manchester Rd 1 Alt Rd Manchester Rd 1 Jubilee Hill Dr Old Eatherton Rd 1 Allenton Rd 3 Victoria Crossing 1 Radcliffe Place Dr Hidden Valley 1 Ridge Rd 3 Garden Valley 1 Bay Harbour Ct 1 Windsor Meadow 1 Hickory Crest 2 Wildridge Dr 1 Bouquet Rd 1 Main St 2 Grand Meridien Ct 1 Old Fairway 1 Centaur Rd Strecker Centaur Rd 1 FIGURE Crashes by Roadway Type in Major Roads City Street Private Property 57 6

9 TABLE Crashes by Day of the Week and Time Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Total 0: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Total MULTI YEAR COMPARISON There was a 1.9% reduction in the number of crashes from 2016 to As shown in Figure 3, in a month by month comparison of crashes over the last three years, crashes in 2017 did not follow the same pattern as 2015 or In previous years, crashes were lower in the spring and summer and higher in the winter. However, in 2017, the peak month for crashes was May, and the crash counts in winter months were some of the lowest. In the same five-year period, the number of vehicles involved in crashes remained consistent. Figure 4 shows the five-year comparison of single versus multiple vehicle crashes. Consistently, there have been more multiple vehicle crashes than single vehicle crashes each year since

10 # of Crashes # of Crashes Table 4 (on page 9) shows the roadways which had the most crashes from 2013 to The table does not show every crash location between 2013 and The cells are colored to show the highest number of crashes in red and the lowest number of crashes in green. From 2013 to 2017 the intersection of Highway 100 and Taylor Road had the highest number of crashes. Of the five years of data included, the number of crashes at this intersection was highest in 2017 (with 17 crashes). The number of crashes for Hwy 100 and Manchester in the east and west ends of Wildwood are listed separately. This shows that the intersection of Hwy 100 and Manchester/Westglen Farms has many more accidents than the intersection of Hwy 100 and Manchester/Booness Ln in the western part of Wildwood. FIGURE 3 Crashes by Month: 3 Year Comparison Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec FIGURE 4 Vehicles Involved in Crashes by Year Single Multiple

11 TABLE 4 Top Locations for Crashes: Address Total Hwy 100 & Taylor Rd Hwy 109 St & Babler Park Dr Hwy 109 St & Shepard Rd Hwy 109 St & Hwy Hwy 109 St & Hidden Valley Forest Hwy 109 St & Old State Rd Hwy 100 & Pond Rd Clayton Rd Hwy 100 & Manchester Rd* Hwy 100 & Westglen Farms* Hwy 100 & St Albans Rd Hwy 109 St & Bent Ridge Dr Hwy 109 St & Pond Grover Loop Manchester Rd & Hwy 100* Hwy 109 St & Old Eatherton Rd Taylor Rd Hwy 109 St & Clayton Rd Hwy 100 & Hwy 109 St Hwy 109 St & Manchester Rd Manchester Rd & Pierside Ln Clayton Rd & Mcbride Pointe Dr Hwy 109 St & New College Ave Clayton Rd & Strecker Rd Hwy 109 St & Wild Horse Creek Rd Hwy 109 St & Alt Rd Clayton Rd & Hwy 109 St Hwy 109 St & Rockwood Forest Valley Hwy 109 St & Rockwood Forest Ridge Hwy 109 St & Rocky Ridge Fox Creek Rd & Model Realty Rd Hwy 109 St & Eatherton Rd Taylor Rd & Hwy Hwy 109 St & Garden Valley Dr Hwy 100 & Manchester Rd (East)* Highway 100 & Manchester Rd (West)* Manchester Rd (East) & Hwy 100* *Crashes that occurred on Highway 100 and Manchester were calculated differently this year, thus 2017 numbers were not comparable to the numbers from previous years. 9

12 CRASHES WITH INJURY While the overall number of crashes decreased in 2017 compared to 2016, the number of crashes with injuries went up approximately 6.2%. Of the 513 crashes in 2017, there were 86 crashes which resulted in some type of injury (16.8%). This is slightly up from 2016, when there were 81 crashes with injuries of the 523 total crashes (15.5%). Table 5 shows the top locations for crashes with injuries with the same color scheme as Table 4. Not surprisingly, many of the top locations for crashes with injuries were the same as the top locations of total crashes. Most notably, while the intersection of Highway 109 and Highway 100 is a top location for crashes, it is not a top location for crashes with injuries (there were no crashes with injuries at this location in 2017). In comparison, there were 7 crashes which resulted in injury at the intersection of Highway 100 and Taylor Rd in 2017, which is 41% of the total crashes at this intersection during the year (17 total crashes). Figure 5 on the following page is a map detailing the areas where the highest concentrations of crashes with injuries occurred. 10

13 TABLE 5 Top Locations for Crashes with Injuries: Address Total Hwy 100 & Taylor Rd Hwy 109 St & Babler Park Dr Hwy 109 St & Shepard Rd Hwy 100 & Pond Rd Hwy 100 & St Albans Rd Fox Creek Rd & Model Realty Rd Clayton Rd & Strecker Rd Hwy 109 St & Eatherton Rd Hwy 109 St & Old Eatherton Rd Hwy 109 St & Bent Ridge Dr Hwy 109 St & Rockwood Forest Valley Hwy 109 St & Hidden Valley Forest Hwy 100 & Manchester Rd* Hwy 100 & Westglen Farms* Hwy 109 St & Manchester Rd Hwy 109 St & Angelica Woods Ln Hwy 109 St & Garden Valley Dr Hwy 109 St & Acacia Dr Hwy 109 St & Woods Rd Strecker Rd & Shepard Rd Manchester Rd & Pierside Ln Clayton Rd & Mcbride Pointe Dr Hwy 109 St & Old State Rd St Paul Rd & Kiefer Creek Hwy 109 St & Hwy Hwy 109 St & Rockwood Forest Ridge Hwy 109 St & Wild Horse Creek Rd Strecker Rd & Mulberry Hill Clayton Rd & Prospector Ridge Old State Rd & Chimney Top Farms Babler Park Dr & Pond Rd 3 3 Hwy 100 & Hwy 109 St Hwy 109 St & Emerald Oaks Ct Clayton Rd & Valley Rd Wild Horse Creek Rd & Babler Forest Rd 3 3 Hwy 100 & Wild Horse Creek Rd Hwy 100 & Manchester Rd (East End)* 3 3 Highway 100 & Manchester Rd (West)* Manchester Rd (East) & Hwy 100* *Crashes that occurred on Highway 100 and Manchester were calculated differently this year, thus 2017 numbers were not comparable to the numbers from previous years. 11

14 FIGURE 5 12

15 Table 6 shows the factors contributing to the crashes with injuries in The top probable contributing factors for crashes were: speeding/too fast for conditions, failure to yield, following too close, and improper lane usage/change. TABLE 6 Contributing Factors to Crashes with Injuries 2017 Factor Number of Crashes Speed / Too Fast For Conditions 19 Failed To Yield 12 Following Too Close 12 Improper Lane Usage / Change 10 Alcohol/Drugs 6 Distracted / Inattentive 6 Improper Turn 4 Violation Signal / Sign 4 Driver Fatigue / Asleep 4 Other 3 Physical Impairment 3 Animal(S) In Roadway 2 Improper Backing 1 FATAL CRASHES Over the past five years, there have been fourteen crashes resulting in fatalities. Figure 6 (see page 15) is a map which shows the locations of these fatal crashes. Nine of the fourteen crashes involved only one vehicle. There were six fatal crashes in 2017, which is more than in any of the previous four years. The following is a summary of all fourteen fatal crashes occurring between 2013 and Homestead Manor Drive and Homestead Summit Drive: On August 13 around 9:40 p.m., a single vehicle, off-roadway crash occurred due to speed and careless and imprudent driving. The vehicle contained the driver and three passengers (one in the front, two in the rear). The vehicle left the roadway and struck several fixed objects resulting in the death of the driver and both rear seat passengers. The driver and right rear passenger were not wearing seatbelts, but the front seat passenger and rear left passenger were wearing seatbelts. The front seat passenger was uninjured. Seatbelt use for the rear seat passengers was irrelevant due to the nature of injuries St. Albans Road, north of MO 100 near St. Albans Road: On September 28 around 9:14 p.m., a vehicle travelling south on St. Albans Road in excess of the posted speed limit drifted off the southbound edge of the roadway. It appeared as though the driver overcorrected in an attempt to redirect the vehicle back onto the roadway. The vehicle crossed the oncoming lane of traffic on St. Albans Road, left the roadway, 13

16 overturned and landed on its roof. The driver was the only occupant of the vehicle and suffered fatal injuries. The driver was wearing their seatbelt Hwy 109 and Hawthorne Village Parkway: A two-vehicle crash occurred on June 14 involving one passenger vehicle and a motorcycle. The crash occurred in the intersection of Highway 109 and Hawthorne Village Parkway. The passenger vehicle completed a left hand turn from northbound Hwy 109 at Hawthorne Village Parkway failing to yield to a motorcycle travelling southbound on Hwy 109. The motorcycle struck the vehicle causing fatal injuries to the operator of the motorcycle. Hwy 109 and Turkey Track Road: On August 28 around 1:50 a.m., a single occupant vehicle, travelling north on Hwy 109 at a high rate of speed, lost control, striking the guardrail on the east shoulder of Hwy 109. The vehicle went over the guardrail, crashing into the embankment. The driver was ejected from the vehicle and suffered fatal injuries. The driver was not wearing a seatbelt. Shepard Road and Bent Ridge Court: On December 2 around 6:03 p.m., a single vehicle failed to negotiate a turn in the roadway. The vehicle left roadway and struck a tree. Exceeding the speed limit was listed as a probable contributing factor to the crash. The driver was ejected from the vehicle and suffered fatal injuries. The driver was not wearing a seat belt Centaur Road and Eatherton Road: A single vehicle crash occurred on January 22 around 4:57 p.m. The vehicle passed several vehicles on Centaur Road in a no passing zone in a high rate of speed. The vehicle lost control of his vehicle and ran off roadway. The vehicle struck a tree where the driver suffered fatal injuries. Exceeding the speed limit was listed as a probable contributing factor to the crash. The driver was wearing a seatbelt. Highway 109 and Shepard Road: On April16 around 6:45 p.m., a vehicle struck a pedestrian on Highway 109 at Shepard Road. The victim was crossing Highway 109 when a vehicle was making a left turn onto southbound on Highway 109 from the parking lot of Babler Elementary School, when the vehicle struck the pedestrian. The driver did not see the pedestrian in the roadway. Pedestrian inattention was a contributing factor to the crash. Highway 100 and Taylor Road: On July 23 around 2:11 a.m., a two- vehicle crash occurred in the westbound lanes on Highway 100 and Taylor Road. One vehicle traveled the wrong direction on Highway 100 and struck another vehicle head on the westbound lanes on highway 100.The driver traveling Westbound Highway 100 suffered fatal injuries due to the crash. The driver who was traveling the wrong way was ejected from the vehicle and suffered fatal injuries. The driver was not wearing a seatbelt. Alcohol was listed as probable contributing factor to the crash. 14

17 2017 Highway 109 and Angelica Woods Lane: On January 18 th around 2:04 p.m., a two vehicle crash occurred in the northbound lane on Highway 109. A vehicle travelling southbound on 109 crossed over into the oncoming lane and stuck a vehicle head on in the northbound lanes. The driver traveling on northbound Highway 109 suffered fatal injuries. The driver was wearing a seatbelt. Driver fell asleep behind the wheel and fail to maintain a single lane were the probable contributing factors to the crash. Highway 100 and Highway T: On May 21 st around 4:30 p.m., a two vehicle crash occurred in the westbound lanes on Highway 100. A vehicle turned from eastbound Highway 100 towards northbound Highway T into the path of the other vehicle traveling westbound Highway 100. The driver traveling on westbound Highway 100 suffered fatal injuries due to the crash. Driver was not wearing a seatbelt. Driver fail to yield was the probable contributing factor to the crash. Overlook Hills and Highway 100: On September 25 th around 10:57 a.m., a single vehicle crash occurred when a vehicle traveling in the eastbound lane travelled off the roadway and stuck a tree near Overlook Hills and Westbound Highway 100. The vehicle caught on fire upon impact. The driver had perished in the crash. The driver was wearing a seatbelt. Physical Impairment was the probable contributing factor to the crash. Highway 109 and Eatherton Road: On October 9 th around 2:10 p.m., a single vehicle crash occurred when a vehicle traveling on northbound Highway 109 traveled off the roadway and stuck a utility pole. The driver suffered fatal injuries due to the crash. The driver was not wearing a seatbelt. Driver fell asleep behind the wheel and fail to maintain a single lane were the probable contributing factors to the crash. Highway 109 and Old Eatherton Road: On October 17 th around 11:00 a.m. A two vehicle crash occurred in the northbound lane on Highway 109. The vehicle travelling southbound on Highway 109 crossed over into the oncoming lane and stuck a vehicle head on in the northbound lane of Highway 109. The driver suffered fatal injuries due to the crash. The driver was wearing a seatbelt. Physical Impairment and fail to maintain a single lane were the probable contributing factors to the crash. Old State Road and Red Tail Hawk Road: On November 7th around 9:45 p.m., a single vehicle crash occurred when the vehicle was traveling at a high rate of speed and ran off the roadway. The driver suffered fatal injures due to the crash. The driver was not wearing a seatbelt. Driving too fast for conditions was the probable contributing factor to the crash. 15

18 FIGURE 6 16

19 CONTRIBUTING FACTOR ANALYSIS Investigating officers include probable contributing factors within their crash reports. These factors are the officers conclusions of what caused the crash to occur. For a complete list of probable contributing factors, please see the glossary on page 43. Table 7 lists the most commonly recorded contributing factors for crashes occurring in Following too close, distracted/inattentive, animal(s) in the roadway, and speeding/too fast for conditions were the most common contributing factors in Figures 7 through 10 show the street segments having the highest concentration of crashes with the four top contributing factors. The time of occurrence of crashes with the contributing factors of following too close, distracted/inattentive, animal(s) in roadway, and speeding/too fast for conditions occurred at the busy times discussed earlier in this report. Specifically, the highest concentration of crashes with these contributing factors occurred during the day time hours, followed by the evening hours (see Table 8). TABLE 7 Contributing Factors to Crashes 2017 Factor Number of Crashes Following Too Close 94 Distracted / Inattentive 79 Animal(S) In Roadway 67 Speed / Too Fast For Conditions 56 Improper Lane Usage / Change 53 Failed To Yield 50 Improper Backing 31 Improper Turn 20 Driver Fatigue / Asleep 13 Alcohol/Drugs 11 Violation Signal / Sign 11 Other 10 Improper Passing 6 Physical Impairment 5 Failed To Secure Load / Improper Loading 4 Improperly Parked 3 TABLE Top Contributing Factors by Time of Day Contributing Factor Day Evening Rush Hours Morning Rush Hours Overnight Total Following Too Close Distracted/Inattentive Animal(s) in the Roadway Speed/Too Fast for Conditions Improper Lane Usage/Change Failed To Yield Total

20 FIGURE 7 18

21 FIGURE 8 19

22 FIGURE 9 20

23 FIGURE 10 21

24 FIVE MAJOR ROADWAY ANALYSIS Within the, there are five major roadways which transect the city and have high traffic volume. With increased traffic volume, these locations also have higher crash rates. The five major roadways in the are Clayton Road, Highway 100, Highway 109, Manchester Road, and Old State Road. Over the past five years, these five roads account for just fewer than 55% of the crashes occurring within the (Table 9). In 2017, crashes on the five major roadways accounted for 59.6% of crashes within the city. Similarly, five of the six fatal crashes occurred on one of the major roads in Table 10 shows the percentage of crashes with injuries which occurred on each of the main roads compared to other roadways in Wildwood. In 2017, 64.4% of the crashes with injuries occurred on one of the five major roadways. In 2016 and 2017 data concerning motor vehicles in transport (MV in Transport) crashes were broken into five sub categories which more specifically describe the type of collision with another motor vehicle in transport, fixed objects, or animals. These categories are angle, front impact, head on, rear impact and side impact. TABLE 9 Percentage of Crashes on 5 Major Roadways: Street To tal Other Roadways 47.1% 45.0% 47.9% 44.6% 40.4% 45.1% Clayton Rd 4.8% 6.8% 5.8% 5.2% 7.6% 6.0% Hwy % 15.1% 11.8% 12.0% 16.8% 13.4% Hwy % 26.9% 27.3% 28.7% 26.3% 27.7% Manchester Rd 4.3% 3.2% 4.3% 5.4% 4.3% 4.3% Old State Road 3.2% 3.0% 3.1% 4.2% 4.7% 3.6% TABLE 10 Percentage of Crashes with Injuries on 5 Major Roadways: Street To tal Other Roadways 45.2% 29.3% 37.9% 31.7% 33.7% 35.6% Clayton Rd 6.8% 8.0% 4.9% 8.5% 8.1% 7.2% Hwy % 22.7% 11.7% 9.8% 25.6% 16.2% Hwy % 32.0% 35.0% 43.9% 25.6% 34.1% Manchester Rd 0.0% 5.3% 6.8% 4.9% 1.2% 3.8% Old State Road 1.4% 2.7% 3.9% 1.2% 5.8% 3.1% CLAYTON ROAD Clayton Road had a 44.4% increase in crashes between 2016 and As shown in Figure 11, 39 was the highest number of crashes on Clayton Road for the last 5 years. Front impact was the most common subcategory within MVs in transport (see Table 11). The top probable contributing factor for crashes over the past five years on Clayton Road has been Following too close as seen in Table 12. Finally, Figure 12 displays the concentration of crashes on Clayton Road. 22

25 Number of Crashes FIGURE Crashes on Clayton Road: TABLE 11 TABLE 12 Crash Classifications on Clayton Rd Classificatio ns To tal MV in Transport Animal Fixed Object Parked Motor Vehicle Other 2 2 Pedalcycle 1 1 Probable Contributing Factors on Clayton Rd Factors Total Following Too Close Other/Not Noted In Report Failed To Yield Distracted/Inattentive Animal(s) In Roadway Improper Lane Usage/Change Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Alcohol/Drugs Violation Signal/Sign Improper Turn Physical Impairment Of Driver Improper Backing Improper Passing 1 1 Driver Fatigue/Asleep

26 FIGURE 12 HIGHWAY 100 As shown in Figure 13, the number of crashes on Highway 100 was higher in 2017 than it was in any of the previous four years. Specifically, there was a 36.5% increase in crashes on Highway 100 in 2017 over In 2017, the top crash classifications were animal and front impact (Table 13- front impact is included as part of MV in transport). The top contributing factor in 2017 was animal(s) in the roadway, followed by following too close (see Table 14). The map in Figure 14 shows the areas along Highway 100 which experience the most crashes. 24

27 Number of Crashes FIGURE Crashes on Highway 100: TABLE 13 Crash Classifications on Highway 100 Classificatio ns To tal MV in Transport Animal Fixed Object Other Pedalcycle Pedestrian 1 1 Parked Motor Vehicle 1 1 TABLE 14 Probable Contributing Factors on Hwy 100 Facto rs To tal Other/Not Noted In Report Following Too Close Animal(s) In Roadway Failed To Yield Distracted/Inattentive Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Improper Lane Usage/Change Violation Signal/Sign Alcohol/Drugs Physical Impairment Of Driver Improper Turn Failed To Secure Load/Improper Loading Improper Backing Vehicle Defects 2 2 Driver Fatigue/Asleep 1 1 Improper Passing

28 FIGURE 14 HIGHWAY 109 Highway 109 experienced a 10% decrease in the number of crashes occurring in 2017 compared to 2016 (Figure 15). The top crash classification in 2017 was front impact (Table 15- as part of the MV in transport category). The top contributing factor each year between 2013 and 2017 has been following too close (see Table 16). Figure 16 shows the areas along Highway 109 with the highest numbers of crashes. 26

29 FIGURE Crashes on Highway 109: TABLE 15 Crash Classifications on Highway 109 Classificatio ns To tal MV in Transport Animal Fixed Object Other Parked Motor Vehicle Roll Over Pedalcycle 1 1 Pedestrian 1 1 TABLE 16 Probable Contributing Factors on Hwy 109 Factors Total Following Too Close Distracted/Inattentive Other/Not Noted In Report Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Failed To Yield Animal(s) In Roadway Improper Lane Usage/Change Driver Fatigue/Asleep Alcohol/Drugs Violation Signal/Sign Improper Turn Physical Impairment Of Driver Improper Backing Failed To Secure Load/Improper Loading Improper Passing 4 4 Vehicle Defects

30 FIGURE 16 MANCHESTER ROAD Between 2016 and 2017, Manchester Road experienced a 25% decrease in the number of crashes (Figure 17). The top crash classification in 2017 was front impact (Table 17- as part of MV in transport category). The top contributing factors in 2017 were distracted/inattentive, failure to yield, and following too closely (see Table 18). Figure 18 shows the areas with the highest concentration of crashes along Manchester Road. 28

31 Number of Crashes FIGURE Crashes on Manchester Rd: TABLE 17 TABLE 18 Crash Classifications on Manchester Rd Classificatio ns To tal MV in Transport Fixed Object Animal Pedalcycle Other Parked Motor Vehicle 1 1 Probable Contributing Factors on Manchester Rd Factors Total Failed To Yield Distracted/Inattentive Following Too Close Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Other/Not Noted In Report Improper Lane Usage/Change Alcohol/Drugs Animal(s) In Roadway Improper Turn Improper Backing Violation Signal/Sign Physical Impairment Of Driver Driver Fatigue/Asleep

32 FIGURE 18 OLD STATE ROAD In 2017, compared to 2016, Old State Road experienced a 9.1% increase in crashes (Figure 19). However, the number of crashes on Old State Road was rather low, so this simply means there were two more crashes in 2017 compared to The most common crash classification in 2017 on Old State Road was fixed object, followed by front impact (Table 19, front impact is included in MV in transport). As shown in Table 20, top contributing factors of crashes on Old State Road in 2017 were speed/too fast for conditions and improper lane usage/change. The locations with the most crashes on Old State Road are shown on the map in Figure

33 Number of Crashes FIGURE 19 Crashes on Old State Rd: TABLE 19 Crash Classifications on Old State Rd Classificatio ns To tal MV in Transport Fixed Object Animal Other Rollerover 1 1 TABLE 20 Probable Contributing Factors on Old State Rd Facto rs To tal Following Too Close Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Failed To Yield Distracted/Inattentive Improper Lane Usage/Change Other/Not Noted In Report Alcohol/Drugs Animal(s) In Roadway Driver Fatigue/Asleep Failed To Secure Load/Improper Loading

34 FIGURE 20 OTHER ROADS OF INTEREST In the, crash data for Fox Creek Road, St. Albans Road, Strecker Road, and Wild Horse Creek Road are also of interest. The number of crashes on these four roads has remained fairly consistent over the past five years, particularly on Fox Creek Road and St. Albans Road. As shown in Table 21, the biggest change from one year to the next occurred on Wild Horse Creek Road, where there was a large drop in the number of crashes which occurred in 2017 (8 crashes) compared to 2016 (18 crashes). Tables show the crash classifications for crashes occurring on these other roads of interest. The top crash classification for 2017 for Fox Creek Road, Strecker Road and Wild Horse Creek Road was fixed object. However, the top crash classification on St. Albans Road over the past five years varies, and in 2017 it was animals in roadway. Additionally, Tables show the probable contributing factors to the crashes on the other roads of interest from The top probable contributing factor on Fox Creek Road and Strecker Road was speeding/too fast for conditions. Notably, speeding/too fast for conditions was also the top probable factor for Wild Horse Creek Road in 2016, but in 2017 there were no crashes with this factor. Instead, in 2017 the top probable cause on Wild Horse Creek was Improper Lane Usage/Change. 32

35 TABLE 21 Crashes on Other Roads of Interest Ro adways To tal Wild Horse Creek Rd Strecker Rd Fox Creek Rd St Albans Rd TABLE 22 Crash Classification on Fox Creek Rd Classificatio n To tal Fixed Object MV in Transport Other Animal 1 1 TABLE 23 Crash Classification on St Albans Rd Classification Total Animal MV in Transport Fixed Object Other Parked Motor Vehicle 1 1 TABLE 24 Crash Classification on Strecker Rd Classificatio n To tal Fixed Object MV in Transport Animal Other TABLE 25 Crash Classification on Wild Horse Creek Rd Classificatio n To tal Fixed Object MV in Transport Other Animal 1 1 Rollerover 1 1 Pedalcycle

36 TABLE 26 Probable Contributing Factors on Fox Creek Road Facto rs To tal Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Distracted/Inattentive Improper Lane Usage/Change Animal(s) In Roadway Other/Not Noted In Report Alcohol/Drugs Failed To Yield 1 1 Improper Backing 1 1 TABLE 27 Probable Contributing Factors on St Albans Rd Facto rs To tal Other/Not Noted In Report Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Animal(s) In Roadway 4 4 Distracted/Inattentive Improper Passing 1 1 Improper Turn 1 1 Following Too Close 1 1 Improper Backing 1 1 Improper Lane Usage/Change 1 1 TABLE 28 Probable Contributing Factors on Strecker Rd Facto rs To tal Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Other/Not Noted In Report Distracted/Inattentive Improper Lane Usage/Change Alcohol/Drugs Failed To Yield Following Too Close Driver Fatigue/Asleep 1 1 Improper Backing 1 1 Violation Signal/Sign 1 1 Animal(s) In Roadway 1 1 Improper Passing

37 TABLE 29 Probable Contributing Factors on Wild Horse Creek Rd Factors Total Speed/Too Fast For Conditions Improper Lane Usage/Change Other/Not Noted In Report Distracted/Inattentive Failed To Yield Alcohol/Drugs Animal(s) In Roadway Physical Impairment Of Driver Driver Fatigue/Asleep Improper Passing Violation Signal/Sign 1 1 Following Too Close 1 1 Vehicle Defects 1 1 Improper Backing

38 ROUNDABOUT ANALYSIS To help the flow of traffic and to reduce congestion, the constructed several roundabouts between 2014 and The roundabouts are located on Highway 109 at Highway 100, on Highway 109 at Pond Grover Loop, Old Fairway at Roaring Fork, and Old Fairway and Nantucket Island Drive. Table 30 shows the number of crashes which occurred at each of the roundabout locations between 2013 and Crashes at the intersection of Highway 109 and Highway 100 were common between 2013 and 2015, but dropped to lower levels in 2016 and Additionally, there were 52.6% fewer crashes at roundabouts in 2017 than there were in Of the nine crashes which occurred at roundabouts in 2017, there was not one particular contributing factor as shown in Table 31. Notably, there were no crashes with the probable contributing factors of following too close or speeding/too fast for conditions at roundabouts in It should be noted since 2015 there have been no crashes with injuries at any of the roundabout intersections. TABLE 30 Crashes at Roundabout Locations: Roundabout Location Total Hwy 109 & Hwy Hwy 109 & Pond Grover Loop Manchester Rd & Taylor Rd Old Fairway & Nantucket Island* Old Fairway & Waterside 3 3 Plaza & Fountain Old Fairway & Elderberry 1 1 Old Fairway & Roaring Fork *Old Fairway & Nantucket Island roundabout was installed in 2014 TABLE 31 Contributing Factors for Crashes at Roundabouts: Facto r To tal Following Too Close Distracted/Inattentive Failed to Yield Other/Not noted in report Improper Lane Usage/Change Speed/Too Fast for Conditions Improper Turn Violation Sign/Signal 2 2 Alcohol/Drugs 2 2 Vehicle Defects 1 1 Animal 1 1 Driver Fatigue/Sleep Crash totals were calculated from all crashes occurring on all roadways feeding into the roundabout. For example, crashes which occurred at the intersection of Highway 109 & Pond Grover Loop as well as the intersection of Pond Grover Loop & Highway 109 make up the chart category of Hwy 109 & Pond Grover Loop. 36

39 Number of Deer Strikes DEER STRIKE ANALYSIS One of the top four contributing factors to crashes in the in 2017 was animals in the roadway. Most of the crashes involving animals in the roadway are related to deer. While some deer strikes are reported to police, many crashes often go unreported resulting in less accurate statistics. To best account for deer related crashes, statistics are gathered from crash reports, computer aided dispatch records and euthanasia totals. In 2017, 40 deer were euthanized by officers of the Wildwood Precinct 2. The total number of deer strikes in 2017 was 252, which was slightly lower than the total in 2016 (257). When looking at the months in which deer strikes were most frequent, it appears that more deer strikes occur in the winter months associated with the Missouri Deer Hunting season (see Figure 21). As shown in Figure 21, this has remained constant for the last three years, though deer strikes were higher in both 2016 and 2017 compared to Figure 22 shows the street segments with the highest concentration of deer strikes in Figure 23 compares the locations of the deer strikes caused by crashes and the strikes in which officers found deer on the side of the road. FIGURE Deer Strikes by Month: Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec The dataset to analyze deer strikes is different from the dataset for all crashes occurring in the. Deer strike data is based on calls for service, not crash reports; therefore, the number of deer strikes may differ from the number of crash reports with animals as a probable contributing factor. 37

40 FIGURE 22 38

41 FIGURE 23 39

42 CONCLUSION It is the goal of the St. Louis County Police Department to reduce the number of crashes occurring on roadways through the enforcement of traffic laws, driver education efforts and by recommending physical improvements to our roadways. For some locations having consistently high numbers of crashes, physical improvements to roadways could be the more effective means of reducing crashes at a given location. Such improvements could consist of changes such as the addition of guardrails or interactive signage (such as permanent speed display signs). Due to the nature of many of the roadways within the, it is difficult for officers to conduct enforcement activities in certain locations. Factors such as narrow roadways with no shoulder, limited sight distances or lack of observation points can make it challenging to effectively conduct enforcement operations. Therefore, in some areas greater emphasis may need to be placed on roadway improvements, traffic calming measures and/or driver education efforts to impact crash rates. Historically, police departments have focused efforts on traffic enforcement to impact crash rates. While this practice may be effective in certain situations, it generally limits crash reduction to periods when active enforcement is in place. Generally, drivers will modify their behavior for a short period of time after they see a police vehicle, but when the visual presence of police vehicles is removed, drivers will return to their previous habits (and crash rates will no longer be reduced from the enforcement efforts). Efforts must be made to explore new alternative methods, which may reduce crash rates in a more stable, permanent and effective manner. It is the goal of the Department to facilitate the implementation of permanent solutions to reduce crash-related concerns at specific locations throughout the city. Information contained in this report will be used to direct the allocation of police resources and patrol strategies in the department s efforts to reduce the number of crashes within the. In the 50%to 60% of all crashes occur on one of the five major roadways. Efforts will continue to focus on these roadways to have an impact on overall crash reduction. Furthermore, since speeding/driving too fast for conditions remains a common probable contributing factor of crashes (and is the most common factor in crashes with injuries), speed related enforcement activities will continue. However, speed enforcement should be more directed to specific areas at specific times to have the maximum effect on crash rates. Additionally, since following too close is the most common probable contributing factor, new initiatives concerning enforcement of violations relating to this factor will be implemented in 2018 in an effort to reduce the number of crashes. When examining five-year trends, it is clear the 5 major roadways have higher crash rates and other high crash locations tend to be on roadways which intersect with one of the 5 major roadways. In 2017, the section of Highway 100 from Taylor Rd to Westglen Farms had a particularly high concentration of crashes. Specifically, Highway 100 and Taylor Rd had 17 crashes in 2017, which is higher than the number of crashes at this location in previous years. In over half of the crashes at the intersection of Highway 100 and Taylor Rd, the probable contributing factor was following too close. 40

43 The hours between 3 pm and 7 pm were still the most common for crashes, as during this time period there were an average of 38 crashes per hour (the next most common time range was day time hours with 26 crashes per hour). Thus, efforts to concentrate enforcement during the evening rush hour should be made, However, there are a couple of important caveats. First, it is likely due to the large number of vehicles on the road during this timeframe, it will continue to be the time period with the highest number of crashes. Second, since this time period correlates with the time period in which the highest numbers of calls for service are received, it will be more difficult for officers to conduct enforcement at specific locations. Finally, for some specific locations, this was not the peak time for crashes. For instance, at the Highway 100 and Taylor St intersection as previously discussed, the peak time for crashes was actually day as opposed to evening rush hours. If enforcement efforts are going to be time and location specific, it is important to verify peak enforcement times at specific locations prior to making enforcement assignments. RECOMMENDATIONS Consideration should be given to reducing the speed limit on Hwy 100. Specifically, there are a high number of crashes which occur at or near the intersections of Hwy 100 and Westglen Farms and Hwy 100 and Taylor Road. From the Ellisville/Wildwood border, the speed limit on Hwy 100 ranges from 40 mph to 50 mph. Just west of Ellisville, the speed limit increases from 50 to 55 mph to the western border of the City of Wildwood. Higher speed limits are known to increase the likelihood of crashes occurring at intersections (vehicles approaching a controlled intersection at higher speeds). A reduction in the crash rate would most likely occur if the speed limit on Hwy 100 (in both directions) is reduced to 40 mph, within the Wildwood city limits (from Hwy T to Westglen Farms). Following Too Close was identified as the probable contributing circumstance in nearly 36% of the crashes occurring at the intersection of Hwy 100 and Taylor. Following too close and improper lane use attributed for the most common probable contributing circumstances for crashes occurring on Hwy 100 at Westglen Farms. Both contributing circumstances were factors in 35% of the crashes occurring on Hwy 100 near Westglen Farms. Special enforcement activities focusing on vehicles following too close and improper lane use will be conducted in an attempt to reduce the crash rate in this area of Hwy 100. In examining the top five locations of crashes with injures over the past five-year period, all five locations are on either Hwy 100 or Hwy 109 (see Table 5 on Page 10). It is recommended the and M.O.D.O.T. consider the installation of permanent warning indicators at the intersection of Hwy 100 and Hwy T and the intersection of Hwy 100 and Pond (electric signal, signage indicating intersection ahead, rumble strips, or flashing yellow lights added to stop and yield signs). It should be noted, in 2017 there was 1 crash fatality at Hwy 100 and Hwy T. In taking these measures, it may help reduce the overall crash rate at these two specific intersections. Assign beat and traffic officers to conduct traffic enforcement assignments at high volume crash locations, greater emphasis on conducting enforcement related activities directed toward following too close violations during identified peak crash times. 41