Road inventory database system using road image and geo-coordinates. Kazuya AOKI. ERPUG Forum 2016

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1 ERPUG Forum 2016 Road inventory database system using road image and geo-coordinates October 20, 2016 Kazuya AOKI Graduate School of Management, Kyoto University PASCO CORPORATION

2 Quality Infrastructure Japanese Road Condition Road Network Critical infrastructure for dynamic economic activities Deterioration ; increase the risk of accidents, disturb traffic Good- Quality - Japanese Road Network Expressway ; 9,000km National Highway ; 67,000km Prefectural Road ; 142,000km Municipal Road ; 1,055,000km Road Asset Management (from 1970 s) Data Collection Monitoring Examination Assessment Evaluation Repair Construction Expressway Mountain Community area Road

3 Deterioration of Infrastructure (Road) Common deterioration of road in Japan Rut Pot holes Cracks and a fatal accident Tunnel collapse accident Dec-2012 Sasago Tunnel 9 casualties

4 Challenging in Rural road management

5 Deterioration of Infrastructure (Road) in Ethiopia

6 repair cost(million VND) OL replacement risk elapsed year 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% RISK(%) Data Quality and Quantity for Road Management Data Quality Maintenance Management Sensors, Non-destructive examination (ex. FWD) Stage 2 Completed Small data Hardware Technology Stage 4 Asset Management Intellectual Technology (Software) Management System 0.00% Data Quantity 1 3 Visual Inspection Stage 1 Un-completed Small data Stage 3 Big Data Hardware Technology 1 GPS 2 Front camera IMU Laser scanner 4 Road camera Inspection Systems Inspection System GPS 5 Laser Displacement Sensor Maintenance Management

7 Accumulated Cost Primary Purpose of Asset Management Optimum Repair/Rehabilitation Policy which can minimize Life Cycle Cost Repair Policy A Repair Policy B - LCC Costs & Investment Timings. - Cost Proven Repair/Rehab., DB Elapsed Time - Investment Timing Deterioration Process

8 MTPs Based on Markov Hazard Model Markov Transition Probability Inspection Interval (given value) :Hazard Rate from rating s to s+1

9 Repetition=PDCA Cycle No Route No Route Name Road inventory Kilo Post Estimated Pavement Indices Concerning from to year Independent indices (yyyy) Cracking ratio Rutting depth km m km m (total %) (mm) NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY No repair No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Surface treatment 1 No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY No repair No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY No repair No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY No repair No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY No repair No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Surface treatment 1 No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Surface treatment 1 No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Surface treatment 1 No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY No repair No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY Surface treatment 1 No or Minor Repair Km.m<width> NATIONAL HIGHWAY OL 50mm Medium repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m NATIONAL HIGHWAY Big repairs 2 (ave cost) Big repair m IRI (mm/m) MCI Repair method Repair classification Estimated Repair Information Unit cost Quantity Unit of quantity Repair cost Pavement maintenance work and data management Pavement Maintenance work flow Database System Asset context Survey/Inspection Inventory Inspection data Analysis/Evaluation Rating Elapsed Time (year) 1st Year Prediction Repair/ Rehabilitation Maintenance data Only the data used in daily maintenance work is used as input data -> without requiring additional data collection for the system

10 PDCA Cycle and Management Governance Monitor & Evaluate PDCA Cycle - Policy target(output, outcome) analysis - Review Logic Model - Review input Management Cycle New policy for system improvement Data accumulate for monitoring PLAN Plan DO C&A Maintenance Cycle C&A C&A P DO D Management of Maintenance Cycle (Budget use)

11 Extent of Defect (%) Deterioration Prediction and Performance Evaluation Deterioration Prediction Deterioration Performance Evaluation Physical model (theoretical model) Pavement deterioration prediction based on deterioration mechanism of structure types and materials Statistical Model Ex-post evaluation of deterioration performance using information of actual deterioration performance Maintenance Management Pre-set basic model (deterioration curve) Past deterioration performance evaluated using collected data on site (inspection and maintenance history) Time Model We attempt to minimise the "mistake" Actual deterioration Huge input data for calibration Rating Elapsed Time (year)

12 Bench-marking evaluation and LCC assessment Long-life pavement and LCC assessment strategy based on deterioration performance evaluation Performance Curve (IRI) of NHs in RMB I NH38B NH70 NH6-3 Unusual route Average life length (As-Is) Extended life expectancy Improved life length (To-Be)

13 System Overview (Basic Picture) Road Asset Management DB System to support road maintenance work Road Image To see landscape of surround the road Road Inventory DB To see all road asset data, inventory, condition GIS Map To see the location of each road facility

14 Concept - Road inventory database system Simplified data collection system For sustainable implementation for all users Platform inventory database with Road Image Data Road Image Data with Geo-coordinates and GIS Support input and update pavement database Easy find the location of road segments on the road without kilo-post station Platform database system Accumulate time series data of pavement maintenance

15 repair cost(million VND) OL replacement risk elapsed year 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% RISK(%) Service contents Simplified & lowcost data collection Management System GPS Camera Digital map Aerial Photo Mobile System GPS Road Inventory Database 0.00% Site-engineer Decision-maker

16 Basic Technology -Data Collection Equipment- GPS CAMERA 1 The system is the compact measurement system which CCD camera and GPS are attached. 2 Several choices are available for the quality and the number of the camera 3 Front images can be acquired by same interval. The interval can be changed as one chooses Components Camera GigE Vision Interface Note PC Windows OS Control box System control (IME0805) Measurement PC CCD Camera Control box Inverter GNSS Receiver Adapter 400W, 50Hz/60Hz M-215+ Cigarette socket adaptor

17 Basic Technology -Data Collection - Front View Image Front images are acquired by same interval (time, distance) Each image has GPS coordinate (longitude, latitude) No limitation to vehicle speed (No minimum speed for the system) After Data Collection, operators work on Data Processing

18 Basic Technology - Data Management - Pavement: contents Route information Pavement condition Repair history Front view image Road line colors indicate road condition

19 Basic Technology - Data Management - Inventory Grasp the position of the inventory at a glance on GIS map Click the item to check the current images Select the inventory which you want to check

20 Data Processing Make item columns (simple ver :Pavement, Slope, Drainage, Bridge full ver : Pavement, Slope, Drainage, Bridge, Signage, Sidewalk ) Erect a item flag when it comes inside green grid area(inside red line) You should erect item flags with your own lane(do not care about the opposite lane)

21 Pavement Evaluate the condition of pavement inside the green grid area by 3 ranks Rank 0 : stable Rank 1 : needs routine repair (cracks, shallow rutting) Rank 2 : needs emergency repair (Pothole, Deep rutting, deep damage Rank 9: Unpaved *You can decide by impression and when you become unsure which rank is correct, you should choice worse one * You should evaluate only traffic zone where you are traveling

22 Slope (rank1) Evaluate the condition of slope inside the area Rank 0 : no slope Rank 1 : unreinforced slope surface exists inside the area Rank 2 : reinforced slope surface exists inside the area (mainly covered by concrete) Rank 3 : unreinforced slope surface is collapsed inside the area Rank 4 : reinforced slope surface is collapsed inside the area

23 Drainag e Evaluate the condition of Drainage inside the area Rank 0 : no Drainage Rank 1 : Drainage canal exists inside the area Rank 2 : Drainage hole (besides canal) exists inside the area Rank 3 : Drainage hole is clogged by the waste materials (such as soil or reaves) or broken

24 Slope (rank2) Evaluate the condition of slope inside the area Rank 0 : no slope Rank 1 : unreinforced slope surface exists inside the area Rank 2 : reinforced slope surface exists inside the area (mainly covered by concrete) Rank 3 : unreinforced slope surface is collapsed inside the area Rank 4 : reinforced slope surface is collapsed inside the area

25 Bridge Evaluate the condition of Brigde inside the area Rank 0 : no Bridge Rank 1 : Bridge exists inside the area Rank 2 : Bridge has some points to be repaired

26 Sidewalk Erect the Sidewalk Flag if it is inside the area Rank 0 : no Sidewalk Rank 1 : Sidewalk exists inside the area

27 Crossing(Intersection) Erect the Crossing Flag if it is inside the area Rank 0 : no Crossing Rank 1 : Crossing (with no traffic signal )exists inside the area Rank 2 : Crossing (with traffic signal) exists inside the area

28 Shoulder Erect the Shoulder Flag if it is inside the area Rank 0 : not Rank 1 : exist

29 Road Maintenance Routine Maintenance Input inspection result Accumulation of inspection result accurately is necessary to make reliable road maintenance work Find inspection location, target facility on the system and input inspection result on the system Using mobile inspection system, location can be set by GPS and send data to he DB (automatically) Visual Inspection Inspection System Find location, facility on GIS map, Image/ Input inspection result Update GPS Update automatically Visual Inspection using Mobile Request from citizen, plan from the sub district level can be inputted using same procedure

30 Road Maintenance Road Asset Management Data update, input Data update, input to keep data reliability is important for road asset management and reliable road maintenance plan Support to input repair history data easily Find construction location, target facility on the system Update Repair construction Find location, facility on GIS map, Image/ Input repair information

31 Road Maintenance Routine Maintenance Screening survey for inspection Screening survey using road image in office makes it possible to find the focused section which has high damage and to make inspection work efficient by making a prioritization for inspection work AS - IS Visual Inspection Subjective evaluation For all road sections TO - BE Screening survey using road image Objective evaluation for all road sections in office to make a prioritization for inspection Visual Inspection Focus on high damaged section

32 Road Maintenance Routine Maintenance Screening survey for inspection Ex. Flow from Road inspection through Maintenance Plan [Inspection] [Method/Tool] [Data Collected] [System Linkage] [system Output] Scheduled Inspection (Road image data collection) By Pavement Condition Survey Vehicle Road Visual Image And IRI (All Targeted Road) Input to the system (IRI, Visual Image) Caution needed Areas (requiring Visual Inspection)are outputted Visual Inspection 1) Judge on Visual Image 2) Visual Inspection (Mobile Inspection System) Surface Damage (Crack, Pothole Ratting and so on) Input to the system (Damage Information) List of prospective Areas requiring repair works is outputted

33 Road Maintenance Periodical Maintenance Prepare annual road maintenance plan Prepare annual maintenance plan based on actual data (inventory, inspection, repair history information) Make prioritization according to road damage level and road inventory 区間区間延長幅員面積構調査調査補修路面路面性状値補修補修 ( 自 ) ( 至 ) (m) (m) ( m2 ) 造方向車線年度種別わだち平た工法費用補修断面 ( cm) ひびわれ率 (%) 路線名称物掘れん性 ( 百万円 ) MCI クラパッチ ( mm ) ( mm ) 安定上層下層計表層中間層基層ックング処理路盤路盤 上り 1 H23 AS 打換え 上り 1 H23 AS 打換え 上り 1 H23 AS 打換え Inspection data (damage level) + Condition data - Repair method - Repair cost - Budget constraint - Repair criteria - Prioritization 上り 1 H23 AS 切削 OL 上り 1 H23 AS 切削 OL 上り 1 H23 AS 切削 OL 上り 1 H23 AS 打換え 上り 1 H23 AS 打換え 上り 1 H23 AS 打換え List of section, facility to be repaired 下り 1 H23 AS 打換え 下り 1 H23 AS 打換え 下り 1 H23 AS 打換え 下り 1 H23 AS 切削 OL 下り 1 H23 AS 切削 OL 下り 1 H23 AS 切削 OL Road Inventory (Road width, Road Status, Public facility, Traffic volume and Special area) Location Map Annual Maintenance Plan

34 repair cost(million VND) RISK(%) repair cost(million VND) RISK(%) Road Maintenance Periodical Maintenance Prepare long-mid term road maintenance plan(budget) Prepare long-mid term maintenance plan based on actual data (inventory, inspection, repair history information) Find future demand of repair cost and impact analysis between budget and Level of Service OL replacement risk % % % Inspection data (damage level) + Condition data - Repair method - Repair cost - Budget constraint - Repair criteria - Prioritization elapsed year OL replacement risk 40% 20% 0.00% 0% 100% 95.02% 80% 60% Road Inventory (Road width, Road Status, Public facility, Traffic volume and Special area) % % 0 0% elapsed year Long-Mid term Maintenance Plan

35 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 IRI (mm/m) Road Maintenance Road Asset Management Annual reporting, asset evaluation Summarize current situation of facility condition, inspection results, repair construction records for reporting and asset evaluation IRI (2015 survey) total IRI -200x(in) (out) Inspection data 2% 3% 3% 10% 6% 15% 61% 0-2mm/m 2-4mm/m 4-6mm/m 6-8mm/m 8-10mm/m 10-12mm/m 12mm/m - 15% 3% 2% 3% 6% 1% 4% 8% 6% 12% 32% 10% 37% 61% 0-2mm/m 2-4mm/m 4-6mm/m 6-8mm/m 8-10mm/m 10-12mm/m 12mm/m - IRI (200x ) Road Inventory 200x % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% mm/m 2-4mm/m 4-6mm/m 6-8mm/m 8-10mm/m Average 10-12mm/m - IRI (2012 survey) 12mm/m - average - RMB I Repair Information Asset evaluation summary (samples)

36 Investigation for actual conditions of pavement maintenance in European Countries Japanese government (MLIT) is trying to make a restructure pavement maintenance and inspection scheme To study actual condition of pavement maintenance work in your countries Pavement inspection, data collection method Data items to be collected Pavement repair scheme, standard Criteria for repair Thank you for your kind cooperation!