Hawai i Renters Survey 2013 Part 1. Differentiating the Housing Needs of Native Hawaiians on the Section 8 Wait List

Transcription

1 Hawai i Renters Survey 2013 Part 1. Differentiating the Housing Needs of Native Hawaiians on the Section 8 Wait List Joda P. Derrickson, P.h.D., Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Honolulu. HI As presented at the American Indigenous Research Association Annual Meeting October

2 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to compare the housing needs of Native Hawaiians who were receiving Section 8 (S8), or on a County Section 8 Wait List (WL), with those households classified as non-hawaiian. METHODOLOGY. A survey was mailed to a random 10% of Section 8 and Wait List households across four counties in spring 2013: 1,940 surveys were sent, 31% (n=603) were returned. Various analysis were applied. RESULTS. The key differences between Native Hawaiian and non- Hawaiians were their desire for homeownership, preferred location of residence, and the number of bedrooms needed in their rental unit. Differences in housing needs between ethnic groups were directly related household size: 52% of Native Hawaiians had households greater than three members, while 56% of non- Hawaiians were single. IMPLICATIONS. Results which document the household size, composition and bedrooms needed by preferred area to live are noteworthy for housing planners. Additional efforts are needed to meet the housing assistance needs of Native Hawaiians, particularly families. Household Size Single % 31.0% 7.6% 6.5% 21.6% 20.7% 20.1% 56.1% 13.6% 14.6% Native Hawaiian Non-Hawaiian

3 Planning Data Collection Data Analysis Policy Implications LIFT for DETAILS on METHODS & RESULTS Fall 2012 Spring All: Survey designed. Dec Population defined by County for Section 8 (S8) and Wait List (WL) N=18,820 OHA: n=1,940 Surveys Sent to county housing offices Housing: Directors randomly selected 10%* of each list (S8 and WL) and mailed. OHA: Data entry & sent incentives OHA: Data input & cleaning n=603 31% response rate Sample characteristics by County (Nov. 2013) Housing needs Native Hawaiians vs. Non-Hawaiians (April 2014) OHA, Hawai i Renters Study 2013: See Paper Reference, pp for precise populations for both Section 8 and Wait List as of December 2012.

4 Quantitative Methods and Survey Descriptive Statistics A. Household Characteristics Pearson s Chi-Square: Happy vs. Unhappy & Section 8 vs. Wait List Matched Housing Costs County Comparisons vs. Fair Market Rent (n=432) Preferred Zip code Districts 9 most popular districts By Native Hawaiians vs. Non- Hawaiians: Household size, composition and number of bedrooms needed Are you happy w/your current rental unit? Yes No Please explain why or why not?

5 31% response rate Good sample (n=603) County Native Hawaiian Section 8 Wait List Grand Totals Non Hawaiian Sub total Native Hawaiian Non - Hawaiian Sub total Native Hawaiians Non - Hawaiian County Hawai i Kaua i Maui Honolulu State The sample was representative of the actual populations studied: Thus, findings are generalizable overall. OHA, Hawai i Renters Study

6 Generalizable Sample (Section 8, Wait List and by County) Sample Sample [N=604] [N=603] Hawai i % Kaua i 58 10% Maui % Honolulu % Actual Actual [N=18,820] [N=18,820] Hawai i 8,403 45% Kaua i 1,281 7% Maui 5,094 27% Honolulu 4,042 21% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Hawai'i Kaua'i Maui Honolulu Hawai i Renters Study 2013 Paper Reference: Figure (pp.20-21)

7 KEY RESULTS Key differences between groups were size and composition of household Household Size Single % of sample households look like this: Native Hawaiians Non-Hawaiians 31.0% 20.7% 8.3% 7.6% 6.5% 21.6% 20.1% 13.6% 56.1% 14.6% Native Hawaiian Non-Hawaiian

8 Finding #1. Section 8 Vouchers enhanced housing satisfaction & housing security % Reporting they were happy with current unit Native Hawaiian Non-Hawaiian Native Hawaiian Non-Hawaiian Section 8 Wait List Happiness with current housing was significantly associated with a Section 8 voucher (Pearson Chi Square=79, df=1, p < 0.001) OHA, Hawai i Renters Study, Figure 22, p

9 Finding #2. Disparities in years on Wait List Across counties: Reported spent 4+ years on the Wait List 90% of City and County of Honolulu 47% in Hawai i County 40% in Maui County 30% in Kaua i County Possibly across ethnic groups: Reported spent 3+ Wait List: 70% of Native Hawaiians 52% of Non-Hawaiians 5 14 % on the Wait List for Findings do not indicate why discrepancies exist. Less than a year 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 or more years Native Hawaiian Non-Hawaiian OHA, Hawai i Renters Study, 2013: Figure 15.1, p.38; Appendix B1-B4. 9

10 Finding # 3. The relative value of Section 8 vouchers & housing costs varied by county (n=432) Added Housing Costs of the FMR (Compared to Wait List) Added Housing Costs Paid By Wait Listed (Compared to Section 8) Section 8 Housing Costs Computations based on mean housing costs per county: Paper Reference: pp.45-47, Appendix B-69. $2,000 $1,800 $1,600 $1,400 $1,200 $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $0 %=$added WL cost Mean WL Cost ($1,685) 43% 57% ($1044) $182 $374 $488 10% 90% $910 $74 $326 $701 36% 64% ($1315) $406 15% 85% ($1,833) $1,096 $107 $583 $630 Hawai'i Kaua'i Maui Honolulu OHA, Hawai i Rental Study, %=$ S8 or Added WL Housing cost/$wait List Housing Cost. 10

11 Finding #4. Differences in household size Native Hawaiians: 52% = 4+ people vs. non-hawaiians = 56% singles Mean Value of Wait Listed (n=340) Household size (n=603) Current #/BR Current # BR Needed # BR Household Size % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 31.0% 20.7% 20.1% 13.6% 14.6% Native Hawaiian 51.7% 8.3% 7.6% 6.5% 21.6% 56.1% Non-Hawaiian OHA, Hawai i Renters Study, 2013, Paper Reference. p Single

12 Native Hawaiians have more keiki: Non-Hawaiians more küpuna Age Ranges of Household Members % of Household Members Between the Ages of KEIKI NH vs. Non-NH 49% vs. 28% KÜPUNA NH vs. Non-NH 10% vs. 28% < Native Hawaiian Non-Hawaiian OHA, Hawa i Renters Study, 2013: Paper Reference Figure 13.1, p

13 HOUSING IMPLICATIONS Hawaiians need larger Section 8 units & prefer more rural areas 50% of non-hawaiians are older, singles OK with studio or one bedroom Native Hawaiians Need more 3-4 bedroom units Prefer outside metro areas Non- Hawaiians Prefer metro areas OK with studio or 1 bedroom

14 Native Hawaiians Prefer Leeward O ahu and Puna: Non-Hawaiians prefer Honolulu, Kauai & Central O ahu Overall More Native Hawaiians Leeward Oʻahu Puna Hilo to Hakalau Similar on Maui Central Maui Makawao Kona/N.Kona Central Oʻahu More Non- Hawaiians Līhuʻe-to-Anahola Honolulu % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Native Hawaiians Non-Native Hawaiians OHA, Hawai i Renters Study Paper Reference, pp

15 Overall Nine Most Preferred Districts: Pink, Purple & Dark Blue Anahola To Lihue Leeward & Central O ahu & Honolulu Central Maui & Makawao N.Kona Hilo Puna Paper Reference, (pp.61-65) OHA Preliminary Findings From Renters Survey Housing Directors Presentation OHA, Hawai i Renters Study 2013

16 Districts Most Preferred by Native Hawaiians Respondents (n=304) Makaha to Ewa Central Maui N. Kona Hilo Puna Paper Reference, (pp.61-65) OHA Preliminary Findings From Renters Survey Housing Directors Presentation OHA, Hawai i Renters Study 2013

17 Households Size by Preferred Districts: Native Hawaiians vs. Non-Hawaiians District Hawaiian Mean number of % of HH with child Preferred no. of bedrooms County No. Household HH* Size Seniors Children 0-5 yrs 6-11 yrs 12-17yrs 0 or Hilo 76 Native Hawaiian X XX 9% 30% 39% 22% Hawaiʻ'i 43 Non-Hawaiian % 33% 19% 7% Puna 38 Native Hawaiian XX X 19% 67% 11% 3% Hawaiʻi 16 Non-Hawaiian % 27% 7% ** Kona 20 Native Hawaiian X X X 35% 60% 5% Hawaiʻ'i 18 Non-Hawaiian % 11% Central 34 Native Hawaiian X XX X 9% 26% 41% 24% Maui 21 Non-Hawaiian X 24% 38% 29% 10% Makawao 17 Native Hawaiian X X X 38% 44% 19% Maui 11 Non-Hawaiian X 70% 20% 10% Honolulu 17 Native Hawaiian X 31% 25% 19% 25% Honolulu 46 Non-Hawaiian % 19% 16% 2% Leeward Oʻahu 28 Native Hawaiian X XX XX 4% 7% 59% 30% Honolulu 10 Non-Hawaiian % 20% 30% Central Oʻahu 17 Native Hawaiian XX XX 12% 44% 44% Honolulu 11 Non-Hawaiian X 12% 59% 12% 18% Līhue/Anahola 16 Native Hawaiian X X XX 20% 13% 40% 27% Kauaʻi 23 Non-Hawaiian X 30% 30% 40% Note. This table documents that differences in household size, composition and bedrooms needed across the nine most preferred districts to live in between Native Hawaiians and Non- Hawaiians. For more detailed description of districts refer to Appendix C Legend. X= 50% of household reported one child within this age range. XX either >75% of households reported a child this age or at least a 50% chance of two children in this age range. HH *=Household size. : OHA, Hawai i Renters Study 2013: Paper Reference. Table 8, p. 65 & Appendix E. 17

18 More Native Hawaiians Want 3 or 4 Bedrooms Native Hawaiians Non-Native Hawaiians 89% 88% 61% 65% 67% 26% 14% 7% 5% 0% 39% 19% 10% 44% 18% 30% 30% 40% Hilo District Puna District Kona District Central Maui Makawao Disrict Honolulu District Leeward O'ahu Central O'ahu Līhue/Anahola More Non-Hawaiians Just Need a Studio or 1 Bedroom 89% 9% 41% 19% 67% 35% 9% 24% 38% 70% 31% 63% 4% 50% 12% 12% 30% 20% Hilo District Puna District Kona District Central Maui Makawao Disrict Honolulu District Leeward O'ahu Central O'ahu OHA, Hawai i Renters Study Paper Reference, p Līhue/Anahola

19 Suggested Citation of Presentation. Derrickson, J.P. (2014) Hawai i Renters Study 2013: Part 1. Differentiating the Housing Needs of Native Hawaiians on the Section 8 Wait List. As presented at the American Indigenous Research Association Annual Meeting, Pablo Montana, October, Suggested Citation of Hawai i Renters Study 2013 Navarrette, J. & Derrickson, J.P. (2014). Hawai i Renters Study Understanding the Housing Needs of Native Hawaiian and Non-Hawaiian Section 8 Households. Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Honolulu, HI. Title picture credits. Kamehameha Schools Archives. Title: ohana in front of hale pili nui. OHA Research Disclaimer. The data presented has been vetted for accuracy; however, there is no warranty that it is error-free. The data itself does not represent or confer any legal rights of any kind. Please use suggested citation and report discrepancies to the Office of Hawaiian Affairs Research Division (jodad@oha.org).