Trouble with Ice Charting June, 2009

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Noah Benson
5 years ago
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1 15-19 June, 2009

2 1. Introduction Why do we draw an ice chart? Time table Available information 2. Ice charts issued in the winter of 2008/09 Example of (ideal case) Example of (satellite images at different times) Example of (no satellite image, three different ice charts for the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland) 3. Example from the German Baltic Sea coast Ice winter of 2006 Ice winter of Questions and conclusions

3 Your ice reports are really quite cute, but I need an ice chart where I can see ice conditions at a glance A user of our products

4 North of 56 N Standard segments west of 16 E Deadline: 13:33:30 Special segments German coast Bay of Bothnia Gulf of Finland

RUSSIAN ICE REPORT 30.01.2006 GULF OF FINLAND IN THE HARBOURS OF PORT SAINT-PETERSBURG THERE IS VERY CLOSE ICE 15-30 CM THICK.

5 RUSSIAN ICE REPORT GULF OF FINLAND IN THE HARBOURS OF PORT SAINT-PETERSBURG THERE IS VERY CLOSE ICE CM THICK. THE FAST ICE CM THICK THERE IS FROM SAINT-PETERSBURG TO THE ISLAND KOTLIN. WESTWARD UP TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLAND MALYJ THERE IS COMPACT, PARTLY RIDGED SLOW STSN42 ESWI SWEDISH ICE REPORT 1/30/06 COMPRESSED ICE CM THICK. WESTWARD UP TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLAND BOL SHOY TYUTERS THERE IS VERY OPEN STRIPES OF ICE. WESTWARD ICE FREE. IN THE VYBORG BAY THERE IS FAST ICE CM THICK. IN THE ENTRANCE UP TO THE ROCK HALLY STFI42 THERE EFKL IS VERY CLOSE ICE CM BAY OF BOTHNIA: IN NORTHERN ARCHIPELAGOES CM FAST ICE, IN THE SOUTHERN CM. OFF THE FAST ICE IN NORTHERNMOST PART AN AREA WITH THIN VERY OPEN ICE. FURTHER SOUTH PAST FALKENS GRUND 5-15 CM OPEN DRIFT ICE. SOUTH OF THERE OPEN WATER AT SEA. ON THE FINNISH THICK. FINNISH ICE REPORT SIDE IN NORTHEASTERN PART NM WIDE AREA WITH CM VERY IN THE STRAIT BJERKESUND THERE IS FAST ICE THICK. IN THE ENTRANCE THERE IS FLAW POLYNYA. The ice conditions are almost unchanged. CLOSE DRIFT ICE WITH SOME RIDGES. SOUTHWARDS FROM RAAHE BELT WITH 5-15 CM OPEN DRIFT ICE CLOSE THE COAST. FAST ICE IS ALONG THE COAST OF LUGA BAY, IN THE FAIRWAY COMPACT ICE CM THICK. In the northern part of the Bay of Bothnia there is cm thick THE fast QUARK: ice in the IN archipelago. VASA ARCHIPELAGO Farther out CM FAST ICE, FURTHER OUT CLOSE IN THE KALININGRAD BAY THERE approx. IS to FAST the latitude AND COMPACT of Raahe ICE cm - thick 20 very CM close drift ice DRIFT and ICE new WITH ice. In A the JAMMED southern BRASH part of the BARRIER. Bay IN SWEDISH ARCHIPELAGO THICK, IN THE ENTRANCE THERE of Bothnia IS ICE and FREE. in the Quark there is cm thick fast ice in the CM archipelago FAST ICE, and FURTHER off the fast OUT ice MOSTLY edge thin THIN VERY OPEN OR OPEN DRIFT ICE. drift ice and brash ice. Northeast of Nordvalen there is partly belts of close pancake ice. In the south there is ICEBREAKERS: VESSELS ARE ASSISTED ice approx. BY to the ICEBREAKER latitude of Sydostbrotten. KAPITAN SOROKIN,ADMIRAL MAKAROV, MUDJUG, KARU,TOR AND HARBOUR ICEBREAKERS SEA OF BOTHNIA: INNER ARCHIPELAGOES 5-20 CM FAST ICE OR NEW ICE, FURTHER OUT OPEN SHUGA AND NEW ICE. ANGERMANELVEN INNER PARTS KAPITAN ZARUBIN, KAPITAN PLAKHIN, In the Sea of IVAN Bothnia KRUZENSTERN, 5-30 cm thick fast YURI ice LISYANSKI in the archipelago. Off the CM fast FAST ice edge ICE. a IN narrow OREGRUNDSGREPEN belt of thin close OPEN DRIFT ICE. AND SEMYON DEZNEV. HARBOUR drift ICEBREAKER ice. KAPITAN IZMAILOV IS ASSISTED TO VIBORG. ARCHIPELAGO SEA: PARTLY THIN FAST ICE AND NEW ICE. THE POINT OF CONVOY FORMATION In the IS Archipelago Sea there is partly thin fast ice and level ice in the archipelago. STSN41 ESWI RESTRICTIONS TO NAVIGATION: VESSELS WITHOUT ICE CLASS, WITH ENGINE LAKE MALAREN: IN WESTERN PART SWEDISH CM ICE FAST REPORT ICE. ELSE 1/30/06 THIN LEVEL ICE LESS THAN 2000 HP AND THE TOW In the BOAT-BARGES Gulf of Finland there STRUCTURE is thin fast ARE ice and NOT drift ice. Off the archipelago OR NEW ICE. between Orrengrund and Gogland ASSISTED very open drift ice. In the Bay of Vyborg and the Bay of St. Petersburg cm thick fast ice and very AA close = TO PORTS SAINT-PETERSBURG, drift VYBORG, ice. Farther VYSOTSK out approx. AND to UST-LUGA. the longitude VESSELS cm thick, BALTIC: partly ridged, IN INNER very ARCHIPELAGOES close drift ice, and then BB THIN ICE AND NEW 38244= ICE. AT THE POLISH AND WITHOUT ICE CLASS ARE NOT ASSISTED very open drift TO ice PORT to Gogland. PRIMORSK. GERMAN COAST OPEN DRIFT ICE OCCUR = DD = AA Restrictions to navigation: 72212= To Tornio, Kemi and Oulu only vessels LAKE of ice VANERN: class IA TO and KARLSTAD of more than AND 2000 EE KRISTINEHAMN tons FAST 58142= ICE CM. ELSE IN BB = in deadweight will be assisted. To Raahe, Kokkola, Pietarsaari and SHELTERED Vaasa only BAYS vessels THIN of ice ICE classes OR SHUGA. IA FF and IN GOTA RIVER AND 63001= ON TROLLHATTE CC = DD = IB and of more than 2000 tons in dead weight will be assisted. CANAL To Kaskinen OPEN only SHUGA. vessels of ice classes GG I and = II and of more than 2000 tons in deadweight will be assisted. Only vessels of ice classes I and II and of HH more 38242= than 1300 tons in deadweight will be assisted to Pori, Rauma, Uusikaupunki, Inkoo, Kantvik, Helsinki, Porvoo, II = Loviisa, Kotka and Hamina. KK = ZCZC 518 STLV41 UMRR LL = Icebreakers: OTSO, KONTIO STEO10 and URHO EEMH assist in the Bay of Bothnia. Voima assists in the eastern Gulf NN of = LATVIAN ICE REPORT Finland. ESTONIAN ICEREPORT UC43 OO = Ships bound for ports with traffic restrictions in the Gulf of Bothnia shall report to VTS Stockholm when PP 13000= passing the Svenska Björn AA lighthouse UU = AA BB CC = IN THE PORT OF RIGA OPEN WATER. IN THE PORT OF VENTSPILS CLOSE PACK ICE. STPL42 SOWR IN THE PORT OF LIEPAJA VERY COMPACT PACK ICE. IN THE FAIRWAY RIGA-IRBES STRAIT MAINLY OPEN WATER. POLISH ICE REPORT IN THE IRBES STRAIT VERY OPEN NEW ICE LESS THAN 5 CM THICK. AA FROM THE IRBES STRAIT TO VENTSPILS AND FURTHER TO BB 20// LITHUANIAN CC SEA BORDER VERY OPEN TO OPEN DRIFT LIGHT NILAS= Firth of Szczecin - fast ice, cm thick. On fairway LEGMA very close ICE SERVICE= broken ice, up to 40 cm thick. NNNN In Pomorska Bay there is up to 0.2 Nm ice field, cm thick. BB CC FROM SAINT-PETERSBURG TO ISLAND KOTLIN IS FAST ICE CM THICK WESTWARD UP TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLAND MALYJ IS VERY CLOSE PARTLY RIDGED ICE CM THICK WESTWARD UP TO THE ICE EDGE IS VERY OPEN ICE THE ICE EDGE RUNS BY LONGITUDE OF ISLAND BOLSHOJ TUTERS WESTWARD IS ICE FREE ASSISTING ICEBREAKERS KAPITAN SOROKIN ADMIRAL MAKAROV MUDJUG KARU TOR KAPITAN ZARUBIN KAPITAN PLAKHIN IVAN KRUZENSTERN YURI LISYANSKI AND SEMYON DEZNEV IN THE VYBORG BAY THERE IS FAST ICE CM THICK ICEBREAKER KAPITAN IZMAILOV ASSISTS TO VYBORG IN NARVA BAY IS CLOSE ICE IN KUNDA BAY IS VERY OPEN ICE IN MUUGA BAY IS VERY OPEN ICE IN MOONSUND IS FAST ICE CM THICK IN PARNU BAY IS FAST ICE CM THICK ICEBREAKER MARS ASSISTS TO PARNU BAY TALLINN EMHI EE

8 North Sea Western Baltic Sea

The ice winter of 2008/09 on the German North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts was a mild one. Ice occurred in January and February in the shallow and sheltered coastal waters only.

9 The ice winter of 2008/09 on the German North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts was a mild one. Ice occurred in January and February in the shallow and sheltered coastal waters only. Outer coast and sea area of the western Baltic remained ice-free. Ice thickness reached values between 5 and 25 cm in the time of maximum ice development early February. In the period between 7 January and 24 February 18 ice charts were issued for the German coastal waters. In the period from December, 11 to Mai, ice charts were produced for the northern region of the Baltic Sea.

10 Bay of Bothnia, Ideal case

11 - Bay of Bothnia, N-18 Meteosat NOAA-17 N :18 UTC :30 UTC :07 UTC :37 UTC

Eastern Gulf of Finland, 30.03.2009 Finnish Ice Chart of 30.03.2009 Swedish Ice Chart of 30.

03.2009 ON THE FAIRWAY FROM SAINT-PETERSBURG TO THE LONGITUDE OF THE PETRODVORETZ THERE

FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF THE EASTERN POINT OF ISLAND KOTLIN THERE IS VERY OPEN

FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF CAPE KURGALSKI THERE IS VERY OPEN ICE.

10-25 CM THICK ICE. WESTWARD TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLANDS VIRGINY THERE IS VERY OPEN ICE.

12 Eastern Gulf of Finland, Finnish Ice Chart of Swedish Ice Chart of AMSR Image of Russian Ice Chart of Russian Ice Report of ON THE FAIRWAY FROM SAINT-PETERSBURG TO THE LONGITUDE OF THE PETRODVORETZ THERE ARE VERY CLOSE AND CLOSE CM THICK ICE. FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF THE EASTERN POINT OF ISLAND KOTLIN THERE IS VERY OPEN ICE. FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF THE WESTERN POINT OF ISLAND KOTLIN THERE IS OPEN CM THICK ICE. STILL FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLAND SESCAR THERE IS OPEN WATER. FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF CAPE KURGALSKI THERE IS VERY OPEN ICE. FARTHER OUT TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLAND BOLSHOY TYTERS THERE ARE VERY CLOSE AND CLOSE CM THICK ICE. WESTWARD TO THE LONGITUDE OF ISLANDS VIRGINY THERE IS VERY OPEN ICE. THE ICE EDGE RUN BY LINE UST-NARVA ISLAND BOLSHOY TYTERS ISLANDS VIRGINY - FARTHER TO THE NORTH-WEST. IN THE VYBORG BAY UP TO THE LATITUDE OF ISLAND VIKHREVOY THERE IS FAST CM THICK ICE. IN THE ENTRANCE THERE IS OPEN WATER.

13 - Western Baltic, 2005/06

14 - Western Baltic, 1995/96

15 - Western Baltic,

16 - Western Baltic, Symbols!!!!!! ( ( ( ( Offenes Wasser < 1/10 Open water Sehr lockeres Eis 1-3/10 Very open ice Lockeres Eis 4-6/10 PPPPPP Open ice Dichtes Eis 7-8/10 Close ice Sehr dichtes, kompaktes oder zusammenhängendes Eis 9-<10/10, 10/10 Very close, compact or consolidated ice Festeis Fast ice l l l l Neueis l l New ice l l Ebenes Eis Level ice Symbols Offenes Wasser < 1/10 Open water Sehr lockeres Eis 1-3/10 Very open ice Lockeres Eis 4-6/10 Open ice Dichtes Eis 7-8/10 Close ice Sehr dichtes, kompaktes oder zusammenhängendes Eis 9-<10/10, 10/10 Very close, compact or consolidated ice Festeis Fast ice Neueis New ice Ebenes Eis Level ice

17 Questions and Conclusions 1. The ice chart is necessary! As early as possible? 2. Western Baltic - Which chart is true? Time? (Sweden) Wind direction and wind speed? (Russia, Estonia) More charts daily? 3. Northern region of the Baltic Sea (?) 4. Baltic Sea! One chart for all If free of charge in all countries, twice daily?

The ice season

The ice season 2010-2011 Author: Jouni Vainio 1 Co-authors: Patrick Eriksson 1, Natalija Schmelzer 2, Jürgen Holfort 2, Torbjörn Grafström 3, Amund E.B. Lindberg 3, Lisa Lind 3, Jörgen Öberg 3, Andris