Compressed Gas Management

Transcription

1 Cmpressed Gas Management Purpse T define the minimum required cntrl measures fr reducing the risk f injury, illness, r envirnmental impact related t handling, string, r using cmpressed gases. Scpe These requirements are applicable t the Cca-Cla system lcatins (manufacturing, distributin, ffices, labratries and all ther lcatins) with pressure vessels r cmpressed gas cylinders, r where steam, cmpressed air r ther cmpressed gases (stred r used) with pressure exceeding 2.76 bar (40 psi). Definitins See Appendix. s 1. Cmpliance Implement management practices and cntrls in accrdance with the stricter f Cmpany requirements r regulatins 1 related t pressure vessels, bilers r cmpressed gases. Identify laws and regulatins that apply t the Cmpressed Gas Management prgram and peridically verify cmpliance. These verificatins may be specific t cmpressed gases r part f a mre cmprehensive cmpliance prcess. NOTE: Applicable legal rules, existing human resurce plicies r bargaining unit agreements may affect the develpment f cmpressed gas management plicies, rules, and accident investigatin prcedures. Partner with the lcal human resurces and legal departments in implementing these requirements. 1 Applicable legal requirements means any law, regulatin, rule, requirement, standard, nrm, decree r cde applicable t the relevant facility and/r peratin enacted, prmulgated r issued by any gvernmental r regulatry agency r bdy at the Natinal, Federal, State, Prvincial, Municipal r ther lcal level. It may als include relevant and applicable internatinal r reginal laws, regulatins, rules and agreements, such as, but nt limited t United Natins Guidelines and/r Eurpean Unin (EU) Directives r Regulatins, whether adpted int lcally applicable law r directly applicable withut the need fr lcal adptin. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 1 f 22

2 Cmpressed Gas Management 2. Hazard Assessment Establish, Implement and maintain a prcedure t: 1. Identify, assess and cntrl envirnmental and ccupatinal safety and health risks related t: a. Pressure vessels b. Bilers c. Cmpressed gases 2. Determine risks that have r can have a significant impact 3. Recrd the results f the assessment 4. Review the results f the hazard assessment annually a. The review may be specific t cmpressed gas r part f a mre cmprehensive risk assessment. 5. Update if any changes take place at the facility 6. Include a rutine review f available prcess and instrumentatin diagrams t ensure the diagrams reflect the current systems. The frequency f the rutine review must be at least every three years. Recrd the review and its findings. 7. Include evaluatin by a qualified industrial hygienist fr expsures t gases where required by this dcument, r therwise identified as a knwn r ptentially significant risk 3. Hazard Cmmunicatin Identify and/r label the cntents and assciated hazards f cmpressed gas cylinders, strage vessels and piping in cmpliance with Managing Hazardus Materials s (ES-RQ-190). Label strage, handling and manifld delivery areas t shw ptential hazards and any required cntrls (fr example; Flammable, r N Smking ). Include labeling f the flw directin inside f the piping. Label lw pressure maniflds t prevent the cnnectin f high-pressure cylinders t the manifld. Labels, signs, placards, tags r markings must be easy t understand by all persnnel in the facility. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 2 f 22

3 Cmpressed Gas Management 4. Cmpressed Gas Cylinder Strage and Handling Prtect cmpressed-gas cntainers frm physical damage during strage and use. At a minimum: Stre cylinders in a dry and well-ventilated place prtected frm extreme temperatures, direct sunlight r crrsive atmspheres. D nt allw cntents f cmpressed gas cylinders t reach temperatures abve 51 C (125 F). Prtect cylinder strage and usage areas frm damage due t mving vehicles, frklifts, mving machinery r ther surces that culd damage the cylinders. Maintain a 7.5-meter (25-feet) radius arund cylinder strage and handling areas r prvide a ne-hur rated fire separatin fr areas cntaining cmpressed gas cylinders that are inside, attached t, r within 15 meters (50 feet) f ccupied buildings. The 7.5- meter radius arund the cylinder must be free f weeds, trash, flammable liquids and ther cmbustible materials. Use physical cntrls t prevent cntainers frm falling r tipping. Use a suitable hand truck, frklift truck r similar device t mve cylinders. Ensure cylinders are firmly secured prir t mving. D nt rll r drag cntainers, lift them by the prtective caps r valve stems, sling them with rpes r chains, r lift them with electrmagnets. D nt use cylinders as rllers r fr any purpse ther than t cntain the gas as supplied. Segregate incmpatible gases frm each ther and frm ther incmpatible materials. Separate xygen cylinders in strage r in manifld systems frm cmbustible materials, including il and grease, acetylene r ther fuel-gas cylinders, by a minimum distance f 6 meters (20 feet) r by a nncmbustible barrier at least 1.5 meters (5 feet) high having a fireresistance rating f at least ne hur. Single cylinders f xygen may be maintained withut these separatin requirements, prvided that they are stred and used in accrdance with the ther requirements in this sectin. Oxygen and acetylene cylinders can be stred tgether as part f an xy-acetylene cutting trch system prvided that they are secured. D nt stre xygen cylinders near incmpatible materials. Never tamper with pressure-relief devices. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 3 f 22

4 Cmpressed Gas Management Stre all flammable gas cylinders, except thse needed fr immediate use, attached t vehicles r n xy-acetylene carts, utside f ccupied areas and buildings. Stre acetylene gas cylinders upright with their valves uppermst. If an acetylene tank has been left n its side, set it upright fr at least ne hur befre they are used. Keep cylinders, cylinder valves, cuplings, regulatrs, hses and apparati free frm ily r greasy substances, and d nt handle them with ily hands r glves. When cylinders are nt in use: Retain/replace the valve prtectin caps; and Replace utlet caps r plugs and cylinder caps as sn as the cylinder is discnnected frm equipment. When shutting ff the gas flw: Clse the cylinder valve first, then Clse the regulatr. Use nly recmmended keys r hand wheels t pen valves if a tl is required. D nt use pipe wrenches r similar tls t ver-leverage the valve. 5. Delivery Systems and Maniflding Maintain the safety and integrity f gas delivery systems. At a minimum: Use nly supplier-recmmended regulatrs, gauges, hses and ther designated appliances with a particular gas r grup f gases, and made frm materials cmpatible with the gas used. Piping and fittings must cmply with the gas supplier s specificatins. D nt substitute materials having different chemical prperties, unless permitted by the supplier. D nt lubricate cylinder valves, fittings, r regulatr threads unless the gas supplier r manufacturer recmmends the lubricant fr that purpse. Only apply jint-sealing cmpunds r tape recmmended by the gas supplier r equipment manufacturer. Inspect and maintain gas-delivery systems regularly t identify leaks, crrsin, wear r ther factrs that culd cause a cmpnent t fail. Clean and inspect safety devices annually: Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 4 f 22

5 Cmpressed Gas Management Dcument inspectins, tests, and maintenance activities related t safety devices. Retain the abve recrds until the system r cmpnent is remved frm service Maintain pressure-relief valves as described in Sectin 5.2, Flw Cntrl and Pressure Relief. WARNING: Gases can react with certain metals and ther materials t create hazardus cnditins. (Fr example, acetylene frms explsive cmpunds when in cntact with cpper, silver, mercury, r their allys, including brnze r brass cntaining mre than 65 percent cpper.) WARNING: D nt use brass fittings r mercury pressure gauges in ammnia systems. Ammnia attacks brass and can react with mercury t frm an explsive cmpund. All materials used t cnvey ammnia must be cmpatible with ammnia. 5.1 Piping Installatin Install and maintain distributin lines in a safe perating cnditin. At a minimum: Rute the piping as directly as practicable, and prtect it against physical damage. Make prper allwance fr expansin and cntractin, jarring and vibratin. Prtect the pipe laid undergrund in earth against crrsin. Case r jacket pipes leading t the surface f the grund where necessary t prevent lsening r breaking. Weld r braze cnnectins fr hazardus gas pipes that meet the fllwing cnditins: Pipes within ccupied areas. Pipes thrugh tunnels r ducts near ccupied areas. Shutff valves must be lcated utside such cnduits, t islate them in an emergency. Pipelines carrying incmpatible materials may be run tgether in the same cnduit if all f the pipe and distributin system requirements in this sectin are prvided. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 5 f 22

6 Cmpressed Gas Management 5.2 Flw Cntrl and Pressure Relief Design and install cntrls fr cmpressed gas and ther pressure systems t prevent the uncntrlled flw f gas r verpressure f equipment. At a minimum: 1. Prvide at least ne f the fllwing at each cylinder cnnectin t prevent backflw frm high pressure cylinders int empty r lwer-pressure cylinders: A manufacturer-apprved, pressure-reducing regulatr. A back-flw check valve. A hydraulic back-pressure valve. 2. Install gas shutff valves n hazardus gas lines that enter ccupied spaces. 3. Install gas shutff valves at readily accessible pints t shut ff the gas supply t buildings in an emergency. 4. Fr hazardus gases (including ammnia, chlrine, zne, flammable, etc.) install a remtely perated master shutff valve in a safe lcatin, this allws the manifld r supply line t be shut ff. Prminently display the lcatin f the Master Shutff Valve. Pressurized lines and delivery systems must have safety relief devices (pressure safety valves), sufficiently sized t prvide the required flw rate fr the cntainer n which they are installed. Install and maintain these devices in accrdance with lcal regulatins and the manufacturer s (r gas supplier s) recmmendatins, and dcument maintenance activities. As a minimum, clean and visually inspect relief valves annually, and test r replace them at the fllwing frequencies (shwn in Table 5.2) r by the frequencies set by lcal regulatins, if mre stringent. NOTE: Typically, the installatin pint will be at the discharge line frm the generatr, gas hlding tank, distributin manifld, r ther supply surce Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 6 f 22

7 Cmpressed Gas Management Perfrm and recrd rutine maintenance fr all pressure relief valves in accrdance with Table 5.2 belw. Table Rutine Maintenance Schedule Maintenance Actin Clean and visually inspect relief valves. Test r replace relief valves used fr cmpressed gas cylinders, crygenicjacketed (duble-walled) tanks and ammnia systems. Annually Every 5 years Frequency Test r replace all ther safety and pressure relief devices nt mentined abve (e.g. air receivers, etc.). Initial frequency f nce a year. If devices pass tw successive tests, extend t 2 years. If devices pass tw successive tests, extend t a maximum f 3 years. In the event f any failed test, immediately repair r replace the defective pressure relief device and return t the previus inspectin frequency. Clean and test r replace biler/steam generatr relief valves Calibrate pressure relief valves Annually As needed t maintain peratin within specified tlerances D nt install shutff valves in safety relief lines (befre r after the safety relief device), unless required by lcal regulatins, in such a manner that the safety relief device culd be rendered ineffective. D nt terminate discharges (with the exceptin f cmpressed air) frm any bulk system pressure relief device t any f the lcatins that fllw: Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 7 f 22

8 Cmpressed Gas Management In r beneath any building (with the exceptin f steam) Near the inlet f any ventilatin air intake pint. Ont a pedestrian walkway; r Other nrmally ccupied area. 6. Bulk Tank Strage Install and maintain bulk tank systems in accrdance with lcal regulatins and the manufacturer s r gas supplier s recmmendatins. This sectin applies t bulk tank strage with the exceptin f cmpressed air receivers. At a minimum: Tanks f hazardus gases must be placed t minimize risks t persnnel safety and public expsure. Bulk tanks are nt permitted inside ccupied buildings unless they are maintained in an enclsed area designed t islate gas frm ther areas f the peratin; and Bulk tanks are fitted with the safety cntrls specified fr that gas (listed belw). Bulk tanks f flammable gas must be lcated at least 15 meters (50 feet), (r as therwise specified by lcal regulatins, frm nrmally ppulated buildings.) Prvide verfill prtectin fr bulk tanks f crrsive and flammable gases and xygen via administrative and/r physicals cntrls. Adequately vent tanks t prevent the develpment f vacuum r pressure that can distrt the tank. Extend venting utdrs fr indr tanks. Vent utlets must be lcated away frm ignitin surces, air intakes, windws, building eaves r ther bstructins that culd cause a safety hazard. Fit delivery systems with excess flw valves r ther apprpriate cntrls t shut ff supplies at the surce shuld the flw exceed a prescribed limit due t a distributin line break dwnstream f the supply. The system must als prvide fr an alarm r ther indicatr t alert peratrs when the system has been activated. Visually inspect pressurized cmpnents annually t identify leaks, crrsin, wear r ther factrs that culd cause a cmpnent t fail. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 8 f 22

9 Cmpressed Gas Management Install and maintain safety devices in accrdance with lcal regulatins and the manufacturer s r gas supplier s recmmendatins, and dcument these activities. As a minimum, clean and visually inspect safety devices annually and test r replace pressure relief valves at the fllwing frequencies. Refer t Table Rutine Maintenance Schedule. Perfrm physical tank integrity testing n cmpressed gas bulk strage tanks (e.g. gas bulk tank strage, ammnia receivers, air receivers, etc.), at a minimum frequency recmmended by the manufacturer r the frequency required by the lcal regulatins, whichever is mre stringent. If n frequency is specified, cnduct testing at least every five years and if a change ccurs, whichever is mre stringent. Physical tank integrity testing shuld be perfrmed with the fllwing exceptin: D nt perfrm physical integrity testing n crygenic jacketed tanks, unless required by law. Crygenic jacketed tanks are typically used fr carbn dixide and nitrgen strage. Perfrm annual visual inspectins f crygenic (e.g. carbn dixide and nitrgen) jacketed bulk strage tanks and recrd the annual inspectin. Perfrm mnthly nn-recrded visual inspectins f crygenic (e.g. carbn dixide and nitrgen) jacketed bulk strage tanks. If the visual inspectin indicates the need fr additinal inspectins and/r testing, the wrk must be cnducted by a cmpetent expert. The visual inspectin must at a minimum identify: Indicatin f damage t the tank r jacket Abnrmal functinal perfrmance f the relief valves Abnrmalities n the tank skin; excessive frsting r icing n piping r the tank; mld; punctures; gas venting frm: tank surface, jacket, r cnnectins; r any ther abnrmality which culd affect perfrmance Dcument the cnstructin material fr carbn dixide bulk strage tanks. Remve carbn dixide bulk strage tanks cnstructed f allys SA-212 r SA- 515 frm service by the end f the year 2018, even if they met regulatry and industry standards at the time f manufacture and installatin. CAUTION: Severe cnditins (damp lcatins, crrsive envirnments r very high pressures r temperatures) may warrant mre frequent physical integrity tests r visual inspectins. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 9 f 22

10 Cmpressed Gas Management 7. Bilers and Steam Generatrs Cnstruct, install and maintain bilers and steam generatrs t minimize the ptential fr fire and explsin, the hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed piping r cntainers, and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. At a minimum: Install and maintain systems per the manufacturer s specificatins. Prvide biler and steam generatrs with cmbustin safeguards meeting the requirements fr the Cntrls and Safety Devices fr Autmatically Fired Bilers (ANSI/ASME CSD-1) r ther lcally apprpriate cnsensus standard. Test safety devices, including pressure-relief valves, per the manufacturer s recmmendatins, and dcument these inspectins. As a minimum, clean and test r replace pressure safety valves annually. Calibrate them as needed t maintain peratin within listed tlerances. Perfrm peridic preventive maintenance f pressure-relief valves in accrdance with Table Rutine Maintenance Schedule. Bilers and steam generatrs must have physical integrity testing cnducted at least at a frequency recmmended by the manufacturer r the frequency required by the lcal regulatins, whichever is mre stringent. Where n frequency is recmmended the testing shuld be cnducted at least every 5 years. Visually inspect pressurized cmpnents each year t identify leaks, crrsin, wear r ther factrs that culd cause a cmpnent t fail. 8. Oxygen Strage and Handling Install and maintain xygen strage and handling facilities t minimize the ptentials fr skin r eye damage due t: The lw temperature f liquid xygen Fire and explsin risks with rganics and hydrcarbns, The creatin f xygen-enriched atmspheres The hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed piping r cntainers; and Other risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. At a minimum: Cmply with the Cmpany s Persnal Prtective Equipment s (ES- RQ-205). Unless therwise specified, wear a full-face shield, lse-fitting crygenic handling glves, aprn and cuffless pants fr transferring liquid xygen. Fr new cnstructin and if space allws, lcate bulk xygen systems at least 15 meters (50 feet) frm nrmally ppulated buildings r as therwise specified by Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 10 f 22

11 Cmpressed Gas Management lcal regulatins. If these systems are installed inside, attached t r within 15 meters (50 feet) f ccupied buildings, prvide them with the fire cntrls fllwing the Cmpany s Fire Cntrl s (ES-RQ-140). Liquid xygen strage and handling areas, including fflading areas fr liquid xygen, must be free f cmbustible and hydrcarbn-based substances (e.g. wd, asphalt). Oxygen piping and fittings at pressures in excess f 700 psi (4.8 MPa) must be stainless steel r cpper allys. WARNING: At n time shuld xygen be allwed t cntact an ily surface, asphalt r greasy clthes, r t enter a vessel cntaining a hydrcarbn. Oxygen can permeate clthing and ther materials making them highly cmbustible. Oxygen-saturated asphalt can be explsive and detnated by pressure, such as walking n it. 9. Flammable Gas Strage and Handling Install and maintain flammable gas strage and handling facilities t minimize fire and explsin risks, the hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed piping r cntainers, and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. At a minimum: Lcate bulk strage tanks and fuel-gas cylinders with an aggregate capacity exceeding kilgrams (300 punds) f liquefied petrleum gas r 84 cubic meters (3,000 cubic feet) f ther fuel-gas at least 15 meters (50 feet) frm ccupied structures. Prvide flammable gas strage areas with the fire cntrls fllwing Fire Cntrl s (ES-RQ-140). Fr new cnstructin and renvatin f existing bulk flammable gas strage inside f buildings, prvide explsin venting and/r explsin release hardware and panels n exterir wall panels. Prtect flammable gas distributin systems (risers, meters, pressure reducers, piping, etc.), including natural gas supply systems, frm accidental cntact frm vehicles r ther cntact hazards. Perfrm the filling f fuel cntainers fr industrial trucks r mtr vehicles frm bulk strage at least 9 meters (30 feet) frm ccupied buildings r any building pening (windw, vent). If the exterir wall f the building is masnry, the distance can be reduced t 3 meters (10 feet). Prvide fire extinguishers fllwing Fire Cntrl s (ES-RQ-140), and as indicated by the site s risk assessment. Lcate at least ne Class B:C r Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 11 f 22

12 Cmpressed Gas Management A:B:C fire extinguisher within 5 meters (15 feet) f flammable gas strage areas r as therwise specified by lcal regulatins. D nt stre r use flammable gas near incmpatible materials such as strng xidizing agents like xygen, permanganates, zne r hypchlrites, which can increase risk f fire and explsin. WARNING: Flammable gases frm explsive mixtures with air. Mst fuel gases are slightly heavier than air and can travel a cnsiderable distance t a surce f ignitin and flash back t a leak. They can als accumulate in cnfined spaces, resulting in an explsin hazard. Ensure tanks and piping are grunded. Ensure bnding acrss flanged pipeline cnnectins thrugh the use f unpainted nuts and blts, r additinal bnding cnnectins. Cmply with Electrical Safety (ES-RQ-120). D nt use unallyed cpper fr the piping f acetylene. Piping fr acetylene must be steel r wrught irn. WARNING: Acetylene frms explsive cmpunds when in cntact with cpper, silver and mercury r their allys, including brnze r brass cntaining mre than 65 percent cpper. Cntrl ignitin surces in areas where flammable gases are stred, handled r dispensed thrugh, as a minimum, the fllwing practices: Stre and use flammable gases nly in designated areas cnstructed and equipped with the apprpriately classified wiring and equipment, as described in the Cmpany s Flammable Liquid s (ES-RQ-150); D nt handle flammable gases utside f clsed systems in the presence f pen flames r ther ignitin surces; Cntrl gas leaks t prevent flashback frm an ignitin surce; Prhibit r restrict ht wrk and ther spark r heat-prducing activities within 7.5 meters (25 feet) f flammable gases handling r strage areas, and manage these areas as High Hazard areas in cmpliance with the Cmpany s Ht Wrk s(es-rq- 170); and Maintain a 7.5-meter (25-ft) radius free f fire hazards (e.g. weeds, tall grass, trash) arund strage areas. 10. Anhydrus Ammnia Install and maintain ammnia strage and handling facilities t minimize the ptential fr skin r eye damage due t the crrsive nature f this gas, the creatin f xygendepleted atmspheres, the hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 12 f 22

13 Cmpressed Gas Management piping r cntainers, the risk f explsin in atmspheres with high levels f anhydrus ammnia and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. Select Persnal Prtectin Equipment (PPE)based n cmpliance and risk assessment sectins specified in the Cmpany s Persnal Prtective Equipment s (ES-RQ-205). D nt stre r use ammnia gas near incmpatible materials, such as xidizing agents (e.g. nitrgen xide, xygen), halgens (e.g. chlrine, flurine) r heavy metals (e.g. mercury, silver). D nt use brass fitting r mercury pressure gauges in ammnia systems. Enclsed areas in which ammnia gas is used (e.g. refrigeratin rms, filling rms, etc.) must have: A cntinuus leak detectin system with audible and visual alarm systems. Calibrate and test the system per the manufacturer s recmmendatins, r at least annually, with the testing dcumented. If a mnitr is used as a leak detectin system fr indr installatins, the minimum detectin limit fr the mnitr must meet the lcal regulated minimum expsure limits (if n expsure limit indicated, cmply with the minimum detectin limit f 35 ppm); and A plumbed emergency eyewash and safety deluge shwer; and Ventilatin cntrls as required t reduce the ptential hazardus expsures t belw the lcal regulated minimum expsure limits (e.g. 50 ppm). Prvide smke r heat detectin and ne-hur rated fire separatin in ammnia cmpressr rms that are inside, attached t, r within 15 meters (50 feet) f ccupied buildings. Class I, Divisin II electrical systems are required in all ammnia cmpressr rms that d nt have the ventilatin specified abve. All ammnia system equipment (e.g. ammnia cmpressrs, cndensers, exchangers, receivers and ther gas hld-ups) must be prtected frm physical damage, if physical damage risks are identified in the risk assessment (e.g. frklifts, etc.). Fr new cnstructin, place cmpressrs, cndensers, exchangers and ther gas hld-ups in detached buildings r in a 1-hur rated cutff rm when feasible. Prvide explsin venting and/r explsin release hardware and panels n exterir wall panels. 11. Chlrine If cmpressed chlrine gas is stred and used n-site, the facility needs t assess if replacement is feasible. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 13 f 22

14 Cmpressed Gas Management Install and maintain chlrine gas strage and handling facilities t minimize the ptential fr respiratry, skin r eye damage due t the crrsive nature f this gas, the creatin f xygen-depleted atmspheres, the hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed piping r cntainers, and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. Select PPE based n cmpliance and risk assessment sectins specified in the Cmpany s Persnal Prtective Equipment s (ES-RQ-205). Wear full face respiratrs with chlrine gas cartridges when changing chlrine cylinders r when wrking arund pressurized dsing equipment. Install and maintain chlrine systems in accrdance with lcal regulatins and the manufacturer s r gas supplier s recmmendatins. Any mdificatins must be apprved in writing by the manufacturer. Prvide a dedicated, vapr-tight rm r cabinet fr perating chlrine gas cylinders within 15 meters (50 feet) frm ccupied areas. Lcate the structure utside, separated frm ther perating areas, preferably near the use pint and away frm entrances, windws, luvers, walkways, etc. Seal pipe penings int ccupied areas. D nt stre r use chlrine gas cylinders utside f sealed rms r cabinets. Fit the dr t the structure with a shatter-resistant inspectin windw. Equip the dr(s) with panic hardware that pens utward t the building exterir (prviding an easy escape). Equip the structure with a ventilating fan that prvides a minimum f ne cmplete air exchange per minute when the rm is ccupied (fur exchanges is ptimal). The fan shuld mve air as far as practical frm the dr and air inlet, and discharge t the utside atmsphere. In additin, luvers shuld facilitate airtight clsure fr air intake near the ceiling and exhaust near the flr. Lcate separate switches fr the fan and lights utside the chlrine rm. Flr drains are nt permitted in chlrine gas strage r use areas. Prvide chlrine use areas with a plumbed emergency eyewash and safety deluge shwer near the cntainment structure. Areas in which chlrine gas is used must have a cntinuus leak detectin system with audible and visual alarms. Calibrate and test the system per the manufacturer s recmmendatins, r at least annually, with the testing dcumented. The maximum threshld setting fr the alarm is 0.5 ppm. Piping used t cnvey chlrine gas must be ASTM A333 carbn steel and ally steel pipe in cntinuus lengths, with butt-welded, flanged r brazed jints. Screwed and scket-welded jints can be used in piping up t 4 centimeters (1 1/2 inches). D nt use cast irn r malleable irn fittings and general-purpse valves. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 14 f 22

15 Cmpressed Gas Management Prvide secndary cntainment such as duble-walled piping r exhausted enclsures fr piping valves, fittings and related cmpnents external t the structure. Assure that dry chlrine systems are prtected frm the severe crrsin and cmpnent failure that result frm intrusin f misture, including wet cmpressed air r expsure t ambient air. TCCC misture cntent specificatin fr chlrine gas is 20 ppm r less. Prtect piping frm verpressure due t chlrine s unusually high cefficient f thermal expansin thrugh the use f expansin chambers, relief devices r ther suitable means. Prtect piping frm ver pressure where chlrine can be trapped between clsed valves. WARNING: Chlrine is an extremely reactive gas. Amng ther hazards it: Reacts vilently with hydrcarbns, such as ils, slvents and fuels, and can cause these materials t spntaneusly cmbust; Reacts vilently with ammnia; Can create phsgene gas, a deadly pisn, when cntacted with carbn mnxide, (cmbustin exhaust gas); and Hydrlyzes in the presence f misture, frming hydrchlric acid, which attacks the respiratry system, eyes and skin. Is tw and ne half times as heavy as air and will seek the lwest level in the building r area in which the leak ccurs. 12. Asphyxiant Gases Install and maintain asphyxiant gas manufacturing, strage and handling facilities, including thse fr carbn dixide (CO 2 ) and nitrgen (N 2 ), t minimize the risk f ptential injuries due t the lw temperature f the liquid/gas, the creatin f xygendepleted atmspheres, the hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed piping r cntainers, and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. Unless therwise specified, a full-face shield, lse fitting crygenic handling glves, aprn and cuffless pants must be wrn fr transferring crygenic fluids. Install and maintain asphyxiant gas systems in accrdance with lcal regulatins and the manufacturer s r gas supplier s recmmendatins. Where asphyxiant gases are used indrs, prvide direct ventilatin t the atmsphere r vent t an area where the gas will mix with air and will nt accumulate. In additin, based n the risk assessment findings, prvide fixed gas detectin systems (e.g. xygen, nitrgen r carbn dixide) as needed t ensure xygen levels are at the apprpriate level. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 15 f 22

16 Cmpressed Gas Management Only stre r use prtable cntainers where there is sufficient ventilatin. D nt place cntainers in a clset r ther enclsed space where there is n ventilatin supply t the area; this prevents the buildup f inert gas and creatin f an xygen-deficient atmsphere. If the hazard assessment indicates that the flw f asphyxiant gas int a wrk area may be sufficient t depress xygen cntent t less than 19.5 % by vlume r t elevate carbn dixide cntent t 2% (20,000 ppm), then an analyzer that activates an audible and visual alarm is required. The alarm must ntify peple wh are already in the rm as well as thse wh are utside and want t enter the rm. Installatin f at least tw lights r hrns are required: ne inside the rm and ne utside. If a cntinuus mechanical ventilatin system is used t prevent asphyxiant gas build-up, prvide prtectin in ne f tw ways: Apply an interlck t prevent asphyxiant gas frm flwing unless the fans are running. Apply a mnitring and interlck system that shuts ff the flw f asphyxiant gas if the xygen level is less than 19.5 percent. Inspect interlcks n a rutine basis. Recrd the inspectin. D nt accept crygenic cntainers shwing evidence f lss f vacuum in their uter jacket (ice buildup n the utside f the cntainer) frm the gas supplier. Cntact with air (r gases with a higher biling pint) can cause an ice plug in a crygenic cntainer. Use special vacuum jacket cntainers with lse-fitting lids r verpressure relief devices t handle small quantities f the liquid gas. 13. Carbn Dixide Filling Install and maintain carbn dixide filling facilities t minimize the risk f ptential injuries due t the lw temperature f the liquid/gas, the creatin f xygen-depleted atmspheres, the hazards assciated with catastrphic failures f the cylinders frm ver-pressuring r damaged cylinders and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. Fr enclsed filling areas, prvide direct ventilatin t the atmsphere r vent t an area where the gas will mix with air and will nt accumulate. If the hazard assessment indicates that it is likely that the flw f asphyxiant gas int a wrk area is sufficient t depress xygen cntent t less than 19.5 percent by vlume r t elevate carbn dixide cntent t 2 percent (20,000 ppm), then an analyzer that activates an audible r visual alarm is required t alert the peratrs f the elevated CO 2 levels. Recrd yur inspectin. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 16 f 22

17 Cmpressed Gas Management Cmply with the Cmpany s persnal Prtective Equipment s t select and use PPE fr carbn dixide filling. Unless therwise specified, face shields, glves and safety shes with steel tes are required. Pressure test cylinders in accrdance with legal regulatins r at least every five years, if mre stringent. Stamp the date f testing n the cylinder r make it therwise identifiable t peratrs. Inspect cylinders befre filling t identify damaged tanks and thse past due fr pressure testing. Visually inspect fr bvius damage such as dented cylinders, brken r missing carry handles r valve-handles, leaking cylinders, defective pressure reliefs, etc. Implement cntrls t prevent damaged cylinders frm being filled. 14. Ozne Install and maintain zne generatin, strage and handling facilities t minimize the risk f respiratry expsure, the creatin f xygen-depleted atmspheres, and the hazards assciated with pressure buildups in enclsed piping r cntainers, and ther risks identified thrugh the site s risk assessment. Install and maintain zne generatin and delivery systems in accrdance with lcal regulatins and the manufacturer s r gas supplier s recmmendatins. Cnstruct zne generatrs and system cmpnents f zne cmpatible materials in accrdance with recgnized industry standards. Prvide ventilatin cntrls as necessary t maintain persnnel expsure levels belw the 0.1 ppm, 8-hur, time-weighted average. As part f the Hazard Assessment specified in Sectin 2: Hazard Assessment, evaluate airbrne r ther expsures t zne. If indicated by the risk assessment, quantify specific expsure(s) using accepted industrial hygiene mnitring prcedures. If a cntinuus mechanical ventilatin system is used t prevent gas buildup: Prvide an interlck s that the generatr is shut dwn and gas cannt flw unless the fans are running. Inspect interlcks n a regular basis t insure they will functin when they are needed; and Prvide cntrls t ensure that the zne cncentratin f the ventilatin exhaust at the pint f discharge t atmsphere is less than 2.5 ppm. Prvide a designated zne-generatr rm r enclsure. If prvided, the rm must be nrmally unccupied and kept free f cmbustible and hazardus material strage. Equip areas where zne is generated r used with a cntinuus gas detectin system that will sund a lcal alarm and shut ff the generatr and/r gas flw Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 17 f 22

18 Cmpressed Gas Management when cncentratins are abve 0.1 ppm. Calibrate and test the system per the manufacturer s recmmendatins, r at least annually and dcument the testing. Piping used t cnvey zne gas must be cntinuus r have welded r brazed jints. All materials used t cnvey zne must be cmpatible with zne (e.g. stainless steel, Tefln) N ther plastic piping is permitted unless the manufacturer supplies a certificate that the tubing is apprved fr cntact with anhydrus zne gas at the utput cncentratin supplied by the generatr. Design zne generatrs t have a visual ntificatin when ventilatin systems and detectrs have failed and that cause the generatr t autmatically shut dwn under the fllwing cnditins: When the disslved zne cncentratin in the water being treated is abve saturatin and when measured at the pint where the water is expsed t the atmsphere; When the prcess using generated zne is shut dwn; Failure f the ventilatin system, if cntinuus mechanical exhaust ventilatin is the primary cntrl t manage persnnel expsures; and Failure f the gas detectin system. Prvide manual emergency shutdwn cntrls at the generatr and, If in a designated generatr rm, lcate emergency shutdwn utside the rm and within 3 meters (10 feet) f the main exit r exit-access dr. D nt allw pling f znated water frm tank filler discharge r ther equipment. D nt sanitize the equipment externally with znated water. External sanitatin with znated water is nt permitted. WARNING: An zne cncentratin f 5 ppm is cnsidered imminently dangerus t life and health (IDLH). Ozne generatrs are ften capable f prducing mre than 10,000 ppm f zne. Ozne is typically used fr water treatment, and the expsure risk includes ff gassing f zne frm the treated water, as well as zne frm the generatin system itself. Cncentratins well ver IDLH levels have been measured within tanks sanitized with znated water, and examples f ff gassing frm external sanitizatin causing cncentratins ver the permissible expsure limit have als been dcumented. The cntactr tank must be vented utside the building and equipped with an zne destructr (e.g. carbn filter r UV lamps). Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 18 f 22

19 Cmpressed Gas Management 15. Emergency Respnse Planning and Cntrls Site emergency respnse plans must include plans fr all hazardus gas bulk strage and delivery systems fllwing Managing Hazardus Materials s (ES-RQ- 190). Respnse plans fr emergencies related t flammable gas strage r distributin systems must: Identify pssible leak/release pints in the system; and Include cntrl measures t prevent ignitin risks; WARNING: Because f the dangerus prperties f hazardus gases, lw vlumes are typically maintained. If leaks ccur, the Cmpany recmmends evacuatin f the area, keeping all persnnel upwind f leaks, preferably n high grund, and letting the gas vent cmpletely due t the ptential risk t persnnel wh may respnd t a leak, 16. Dcumentatin Maintain the fllwing dcumentatin fr each gas distributin system: Design and perfrmance criteria (flw rates, static pressures, materials f cnstructin); Manufacturer s manuals; and Inspectin and maintenance recrds. 17. Training Ensure that emplyees and ther affected persnnel are adequately trained t understand the hazards f, and implement necessary cntrls fr cmpressed gases, assciated strage cntainers, equipment and systems, t which they may be expsed. Training must be specific t the expected respnsibilities and include: Prvide cmpressed gas awareness training fr all site assciates. Initial training cvering: A review n the hazards assciated with cmpressed gases used n-site (e.g. - xygen displacement, fire and explsin risks, txic effects, health hazards); Prper handling techniques; Strage and use cntrls; Physical hazards assciated with pressurized systems; and Emergency respnse prcedures with an emphasis n safe refuge areas fr gas releases. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 19 f 22

20 Cmpressed Gas Management Refresher training when there is an additin r change t cmpressed gases in the wrkplace r the prcedures used t cntrl them, r when there is evidence f deficiencies in emplyees knwledge f cmpressed gas management practices. Refresher training n emergency respnse prcedures must be cnducted annually fr affected persnnel. Ensuring that cntractrs and visitrs understand and fllw site requirements regarding cmpressed gas management in cmpliance with the Cntractr and Visitr Management s (ES-RQ-110). References American Natinal Standard Cde fr Pressure Piping ANSI B , Sectin 2, Industrial Gas and Air Piping Systems American Natinal Standard Methd fr marking Prtable Cmpressed Gas Cntainers t Identify the Material Cntained American Natinal Standard Methd fr Autmatically fired bilers Cntractr and Visitr Management s Electrical Safety Fire Cntrl Flammable Liquid Ht Wrk s Managing Hazardus Materials s Persnal Prtective Equipment Respiratry Prtectin s ANSI Z ANSI/ASME CSD-1 ES-RQ-110 ES-RQ-120 ES-RQ-140 ES-RQ-150 ES-RQ-170 ES-RQ-190 ES-RQ-205 ES-RQ-210 Revisin Histry Revisin Date 11-Jan-2016 Summary f Change Updated cntent fr clarity and risk reductin thrughut the dcument, including the highlighted items belw: 6. Bulk Tank Strage 7. Bilers and Steam Generatrs Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 20 f 22

21 Cmpressed Gas Management 03-Dec Training Revised testing frequencies fr pressure relief valves t match industry cnsensus standards 01-Jan-2010 Revised dcument released as part f the TCCMS Redesign - Gvernance Reset. This dcument cntains cntent frm the previus versin with refrmatting and significant rewrding. 28-Nv-2007 Initial Issue Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 21 f 22

22 Cmpressed Gas Management Appendix Definitins Cmpressed gas: Any material r mixture cntained at an abslute pressure f 2.76 bar (40 psi) at 21.1 C (70 F) r 7.17 bars (104 psi) at 54.4 C (130 F). This includes any liquid material that acts as a gas upn release at nrmal temperature and pressure r is used r handled as a gas, having an abslute pressure exceeding 2.76 bar (40 psi) at 37.8 C (100 F), (e.g., liquefied prpane r natural gas fuels). Crrsive Gas: A gas that can cause visible destructin f, r irreversible alteratins in, living tissue (e.g., skin, eyes r respiratry system) by chemical actin. Cutff rm: A rm within a building and having at least ne exterir wall. Crygenic Liquids: Gases cndensed t liquid frm at extremely lw temperatures. Example: Liquid Nitrgen is 196 C ( 320 F). The term crygenics applies t all temperatures less than 150 C ( 238 F). Direct fired vaprizer: A direct fired vaprizer applies heat (prvided by a flame) directly t a pressure vessel cntaining liquid pre-vaprized LP-Gas. Dsing: Blend with anther substance Flammable gas: A gas that can be ignited in air. Hazardus gas: A gas that is included in ne r mre f the fllwing hazard categries: crrsive, flammable, health hazard, xidizer, pyrphric, reactive r txic. IDLH: An acrnym fr Immediately Dangerus t Life r Health, and is defined by the US Natinal Institute fr Occupatinal Safety and Health (NIOSH) as expsure t airbrne cntaminants that is "likely t cause death r immediate r delayed permanent adverse health effects r prevent escape frm such an envirnment." Examples include smke r ther pisnus gases at sufficiently high cncentratins. (This definitin als applies t IDHL Immediately Dangerus t Health r Life). Instrumentatin diagram: Diagram that shws the prcess flw f equipment and instrumentatin. Indirect fired vaprizer: An indirect vaprizer applies heat (furnished by steam, ht water, the grund, surrunding air, r ther heating medium) t a vaprizing chamber r t tubing, pipe cils, r ther heat exchange surface cntaining the liquid t be vaprized int a gas; the heating f the medium used is at a pint remte frm the vaprizer. Persnal Prtectin Equipment: Equipment such as clthing, shes, gggles, glves, hard hats, aprns, ear plugs, dust masks r respiratrs, designed t prtect an emplyee against cntact with r expsure t a txic r hazardus substance r envirnment. Self-cntained breathing apparatus: an atmsphere-supplying respiratr fr which the breathing air surce is designed t be carried by the user. Revisin: 11-Jan-2016 Page 22 f 22