D-4 STUDY FOR THE CLOSED MARKDALE LANDFILL SITE LOT 95, CONCESSION IE MUNICIPALITY OF GREY HIGHLANDS COUNTY OF GREY

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1 f T, I 1 I ' D-4 STUDY FOR THE COSED MARKDAE ANDFI SITE OT 95, CONCESSION IE MUNICIPAITY OF GREY HIGHANDS COUNTY OF GREY 1: : f\",! r\,... ~;r--..r!:.1 \,. j V I U I ','~ I -,,-. :I r( 0 T r:..-,._, j'... ~ I r"'...1 Gru'y JC;r\JC S ' : AP1 Z4 200B I ' ~;;!~'~' :: ~ \. : If""I. R., r;r ~-';/~ f~ ~-:.~ ~ ~I/ ~~_~~ ~~, f r GAMSBY AND MANNEROW IMITED CONSUTING PROFESSIONA GUEPH KITCHENER - ISTOWE - OWEN SOUND Apr 2008 Our Fe: M-1589

2 _~, ' TABE OF CONTENTS I, I~ r' r ~ - 1: 1.0 INTRODUCTION PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF WORK PREVIOUS STUDIES SITE SETTING Geoogc Seng andf Se POTENTIA IMPACTS DUE TO ANDFI SITE Poena Impacs To Surface Waer Poena Impacs To Groundwaer Poena Impacs Due o Gas Producon CONCUSIONS STATEMENT OF IMITATIONS 7 IST OF FIGURES Fgure 1 - Se ocaon Map Fgure 2 - Se ayou : : r "

3 @ Gamsby and Mannerow,' 1 j, 1' I 1.0 INTRODUCTION D-4 STUDY FOR THE COSED MARKDAE ANDFI SITE MUNICIPAITY OF GREY HIGHANDS COUNTY OF GREY Apr 22, 2008 Our Fe: M-1589 Gamsby and Mannerow med (G&M) was reaned by he Muncpay of Grey Hghands (Muncpay) o underake a Mnsry of he Envronmen (MOE) D-4 Sudy (Gudene for and Use On or Near andfs and Dumps) for he cosed Markdae andf se (Se). : The Se s ocaed on o 95, Concesson IE, n he former Aremesa Townshp, Muncpay of Grey Hghands, as shown on Fgure 1. The surroundng area of he andf propery s many agrcuura and and s zoned as urban frnge near he Vage of Markdae. The se s r: suaed aong he souh bank of he Rocky Saugeen Rver. The andf se s nacve and has been cosed snce May 31 s, r: 2.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF WORK The D-4 Sudy Gudenes recommend ha ands, whn a 500 m radus of a andf se, be evauaed o deermne poena mpacs from he andf se pror o aowng deveopmen. To conform wh hs recommendaon, s our undersandng ha he Muncpay has paced a deveopmen hodng zone whn he 500 m radus. However, based on he age, naure, and r: avaaby of nformaon, s apparen ha he 500 m radus ncudes ands where mpacs from he andf are no ancpaed. I The purpose of hs sudy s o evauae exsng nformaon o deveop a revsed boundary beyond whch poena mpacs from he Markdae andf woud no reasonaby occur, and whn whch, he poena for mpacs woud requre furher D-4 sudy pror o aowng deveopmen. As par of hs sudy, hs area s abeed "Area Requrng Furher Sudy". The Area Requrng Furher Sudy descrbes areas where has been deermned ha, due o he absence of measuremens of envronmena condons, poena mpacs may exs. The areas beyond he m of poena mpac woud no onger requre D-4 consderaon pror o deveopmen, and he curren hodng zone may be fed. ~ : Snce he andf has been cosed and capped snce 1975, hs sudy w evauae he poena mpacs o he surroundng area due o: I r ' ~ I 1 1. eachae mpacs o surface wae::,.. peope engineering envronmens r :j Gamsby and Mannerow med Gueph, Kchener, sowe, Owen Sound 1260 Second Avenue E., Un I, Owen Sound, ON N4K 2J3 S fax

4 Fe No. M-1589 Page eachae mpacs o ground waer, and 3. The generaon of andf gases, parcuary mehane. Snce he surroundng properes ncuded n assessmen are no whn he andf Se, poena! " so mpacs and and seemen due o andfng are no consdered o be a concern. Addonay, snce he andf s cosed, capped and no operang, ssues such as raffc, nose, and bowng er are no consdered o be a concern. 3.0 PREVIOUS STUDIES r: The Cosed andf Sudy - Markdae Se (CSMS) by Garner ee was compeed for he se n March The CSMS provdes nformaon regardng he envronmena condons whn he cosed andf se. As par ofhe CSMS repor, he foowng acves were conduced: r r I: I: 25 es ps o deermne aera exen and deph of f Insaaon of 4 monorng wes Groundwaer sampng from he monorng wes : Surface waer sampng a wo ocaons Mehane Gas sampng from he monorng wes (2 evens) -r ~ In addon, regona mappng and Mnsry of Envronmen (MOE) we records were revewed o assess and use, opographca feaures, surface waer fow roues, oca so condons, geoogca feaures and groundwaer fow paerns. A dscusson of he Se seng (as obaned from prevous repors and avaabe nformaon), s provded n he foowng secon. 1: 4.0 SITE SETTING The cosed andf s suaed on o 25, Concesson IE, n he former Aremesa Townshp, Couny of Grey, jus norh of he Vage of Markdae. The Vage s approxmaey 500 m souh of he se. The propery s accessed va Hghway IO, whch s ocaed souhwes of he se. n The andf propery s surrounded by agrcuura feds wh one resdence ocaed approxmaey 90 m o he souh of he Se, wes of Hghway O. Two resdences are ocaed norh of he Rocky Saugeen Rver. The surroundng resdences uze groundwaer as her poabe waer suppy. Regona opography dps o he norhwes owards he Rocky Saugeen Rver. On he andf se, opography s generay fa bu has seep sopes aong he norhern boundary as exends downward o he rver foodpan. 4.1 GEOOGIC SETTING Muncpay of Grey Hghands D-4 Sudy Gamsby and Mannerow Cosed Markdae andf

5 r : I C j, ~, FeNo. M-1589 Page 3 The Se s ocaed whn he Physographc Regon known as he Horseshoe Moranes (Chapman and Punam, 1984). The regon s characerzed by a horseshoe-shaped morane sysem ha s found across he cenra par of Grey Couny. The sudy area s whn a drumzed pan and s adjacen o a sand and grave spway (he Rocky Saugeen Rver vaey). The s ypcay comprsed of oamy sedmen wh sones and bouders ypcay from he ockpor doome (Chapman and Punam, 1984). A he se here s e opographc reef wh a ground eevaon of approxmaey 405 m above mean sea eve (ams). The oca opography geny dps norhward, oward he Rocky Saugeen Rver. The MOE we records and he Grey/Bruce Groundwaer Sudy (2003), ndcae ha overburden near he se ranges beween 20 m and 35 m hck. Borehoes esabshed for he CSMS ndcaed sy sand sedmen, approxmaey 7.5 m o 8 m hck, overes a sy sand, whch subsequeny overes a sandy s. r Ony one surface waer feaure, he Rocky Saugeen Rver, s found n he vcny of he se. The rver fows owards he souhwes. As per he CSMS, shaow groundwaer s noed o fow o he norhwes, dschargng o he Rocky Saugeen. As per he GreyBruce Groundwaer Sudy r : (2003), he bedrock aqufer s nferred o fow norhewesery. I shoud be noed he wes nsaed for he CSMS were compeed whn he overburden and do no represen groundwaer from he bedrock aqufer. r;- r: u 4.2 ANDFI SITE As per he CSMS, he andf Se operaed as a sma rura andf un cosng on May 31 s, I s undersood ha he andf acceped prmary muncpa wase and non-hazardous sod wase. The andf fooprn occupes approxmaey 0.61 ha. I s accessed from Hghway 10, approxmaey 500 m norhwes of he Vage of Markdae. The genera ocaon of he cosed andf s shown on Fgure 1. Based on a se nspecon conduced as par of he CSMS, was repored ha wase was exposed a he fanks of he f area and some orange sanng was presen n a sma ow-yng area approxmaey 25 m norh of he andf fooprn. The CSMS aso denfed hree groundwaer seeps aong he base of he norhwes sope of he mound. These sma seeps were found o be dschargng no he nearby Rocky Saugeen Rver. A fourh, sma seep, was found souh of Hghway 10, and was aso dschargng no he Rver. An approxmae ocaon of he four seeps, as per he CSMS, s shown n Fgure 2. The Se was repored o be capped wh sy sand opso and now has a vegeave cover. I s repored ha, durng operaons, wase brough o he se was burned before beng covered wh so. Tes ps, compeed for he CSMS, reveaed ha he covered wase s comprsed many of cans, gass, scrap mea, and brcks wh mnor amouns of wood, wrappers, pasc bags, and coh. 5.0 POTENTIA IMPACTS DUE TO ANDFI SITE Muncpay ofgrey Hghands D-4 Sudy Gamsby and Mannerow Cosed Markdae andf

6 r p! Fe No. M-1589 Page 4 andf ses generay have a 25 year 'conamnang' fespan, durng whch me eachae producon peaks, and hen drops off. Snce he Markdae andf se has been cosed for 33 years, s sma, and had wase burned pror o bura, s fespan s ancpaed o be sgnfcany ess. 1 The foowng secons evauae he poena mpacs o he surroundng area of he cosed Markdae andf Se and descrbe he deveopmen of boundares beyond whch no mpac,,. woud be reasonaby ancpaed. The areas whn hese boundares woud requre furher sudy, under D-4 Gudenes, as descrbed n Secon 2.0.! I: 5.1 POTENTIA IMPACTS To SURFACE WATER r: r: As dscussed, he andf Se s curreny capped and cosed. Therefore, eachae generaon, whch occurs when waer nfraes hrough he paced refuse, can ony occur n he subsurface. Consequeny, he ony poena for eachae mpacs o surface waer woud be due o eachae break-ou from he andf mound or mpaced groundwaer dscharge o surface waer feaures. Surface waer sampes were coeced from sx ocaons n he vcny of he andf se. As par of he CSMS, wo sampes were aken from he Rocky Saugeen Rver, one ocaed r: upsream and one downsream of he andf. The oher sampes were aken from he four seeps ocaed aong he norhern sope of he se, as shown on Fgure 2. No exceedences of he Provnca Waer Quay Objecves (PWQO), excep ron, were repored for eachae ndcaor parameers a he sampe ocaons. {: Eevaed concenraons, compared o background, of akany, chorde, manganese, barum, and ammona ndcaes ha he seeps may be nfuenced by eachae. However, surface waer sampes from he Rocky Saugeen Rver, downsream of he andf se, ndcaed no mpacs from eachae were evden. In reaon o hs D-4 sudy, poena off-se mpacs o surface waer due o he andf are consdered no o be a concern beyond he propery boundary snce: Surface waer runoff from he Se fows owards he Rocky Saugeen Rver; The repored surface waer quay resus from he downgraden sampe aken from he Rocky Saugeen Rver provded no ndcaon of andf mpacs; 5.2 POTENTIA IMPACTS To GROUNDWATER The CSMS noed seven wes whn 500 m of he se ha use groundwaer for human and/or vesock consumpon. As par of he CSMS, four wes were nsaed on se and compeed whn he overburden o deermne f here were mpacs o he shaow groundwaer from he andf se. u Muncpay Waer quay resus from he four wes ndcaed mnor andf mpacs n he shaow aqufer drecy beneah he fooprn and cross graden, wh no ndcaon of eachae mpacs n he ofgrey Hghands D-4 Sudy Cosed Markdae andf Gamsby and Mannerow

7 r Fe No. M-1589 Page 5, " 1 r I j f : I: oher wes ocaed around he permeer of he se. Onaro Drnkng Waer Sandards (ODWS) exceedences of oa dssoved sods (TDS), manganese, and chorde wh eevaed concenraons (compared o background eves) of akany, barum, and boron n wes compeed drecy beneah he wase and cross-graden, ndcae eachae mpacs o he shaow groundwaer on-se are presen. A summary of he repored anayca resus for he groundwaer chemsry a hese wes can be found n Appendx E of he CSMS (Garner ee, 2008). The 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy', as ndcaed n Fgure 2, s deneaed based on he resus from he CSMS, whch ndcaes ha eachae mpacs o shaow groundwaer s ony evden whn he andf se. As shaow groundwaer fow s nferred o fow norhwesery, he Rocky Saugeen Rver provdes a naura fow dvde n whch poenay eachae nfuenced shaow groundwaer woud dscharge o he rver. Therefore, he boundary shown n Fgure 2 s consdered a reasonabe area n whch groundwaer coud poenay be mpaced from he andf. Snce no daa s avaabe for he cosed andf propery boundary, he'area Requrng Furher Sudy' exends wesward from he edge of he wesern propery boundary and connues un reachng he rver. Ths s consdered a reasonabe boundary n whch poena mpacs from he andf coud be presen. However, shoud be noed ha, as he ands beween he wesern 1: propery boundary and he rver are recognzed as 'Hazard ands' n reaon o pannng, s no ancpaed ha hs area woud be uzed for fuure deveopmen. ṟ ~ Snce he overburden n he vcny of he se s approxmaey 20 m o 35 m hck, he voume of wase a he se s sma, and nearby resdens uze groundwaer from he bedrock aqufer, poena mpacs o groundwaer beyond he se boundary or ousde he 'Area Requrng!: Furher Sudy' deneaed n Fgure 2 are no ancpaed. f r ~ 5.3 POTENTIA IMPACTS DUE TO GAS PRODUCTION andf gas s produced durng he degradaon of organc compounds bured whn he andf. In parcuar, mehane gas s produced durng anaerobc decomposon of organc maer. Mehane gas s a poena concern snce has he poena o mgrae and accumuae n concenraons above he ower exposve m (E) when s produced n suffcen voumes. The E for mehane s approxmaey 5% n ar. u Mehane gas s gher han ar and, herefore, ypcay vens from he subsurface o he ar where so permeaby perms. ow permeaby sos or frozen ground condons can prohb he naura venng of mehane gas and resu n he aera mgraon of mehane. The mgraon of mehane gas from andfs n sgnfcan concenraons ypcay decreases wh dsance from he andf fooprn. Gas monorng was compeed onse for he CSMS. The CSMS repored gas concenraons whn he wase sef were repored o be beween 9% and 100% n he sprng and fa of 2006, respecvey. The oher wes had readngs beween 0% and 13%. Therefore, shoud be noed U Muncpay ofgrey Hghands D-4 Sudy Gamsby and Mannerow Cosed Markdae andf

8 ,.,---,. j f ' J j Fe No. M-1589 Page 6 ha no measuremens have been coeced under frozen ground condons when mehane gas mgraon woud be he greaes.! A oa of 25 es ps compeed for he CSMS concuded ha wase a he se s approxmaey 6 m deep and ha he sedmen on-se consss of sy sand overyng a sandy s ayer. The 'rue of humb' dsance for aera mgraon of mehane gas, as recommended by he Onaro Mnsry of Envronmen, s approxmaey 10 mes he hckness of wase. Therefore, based on a wase hckness of 6 m, hs represens a dsance of 60 m. Snce he wase has a hckness of ony 6 m, and he on-se geoogy s comprsed of sy sand,! T whch aows naura venng of mehane gas, s no ancpaed ha he mehane gas w! mgrae pas 60 m, as suppored by he daa coeced as par of he CSMS. In addon, he wase paced whn he andf s a he aer sages of decomposon. Therefore, mehane generaon w have reduced from peak eves snce he se was cosed n 1975 and woud no be ancpaed o mgrae pas 60 m. 1: r ~ r' w : on-se. In he absence of mehane gas measuremens under frozen condons, a 120 m dsance has been ncorporaed no he 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy'. Ths provdes wo mes he mgraon dsance over he 'rue of humb' dsance of 60 m. In summary, he 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy' presened n Fgure 2 exends 120 m norh, eas and souh of he andf fooprn. The wesern boundary of he 'Area' exends un reaches he Rocky Saugeen Rver, whch s approxmaey 30 m norhwes of he andf fooprn. The 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy' boundary s based on he poena rsk for mehane mgraon from he andf o adjacen properes. The 120 m s consdered a conservave dsance based on he geoogy of he se, voume of wase presen, and he measured mehane concenraons U 6.0 CONCUSIONS The purpose of hs sudy s o evauae exsng nformaon o deveop a revsed boundary, beyond whch poena mpacs from he Markdae andf woud no reasonaby occur. Snce he andf has been cosed and capped snce 1975, hs sudy evauaes he poena mpacs due o: r 1. eachae mpacs o surface waer, 2. eachae mpacs o ground waer, and 3. The generaon of andf gases, parcuary mehane. Based on he fndngs of hs evauaon, a reducon o he sandard 500 m radus s deneaed and an 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy' has been denfed based on he combned poena mpacs o surface waer, groundwaer, and mehane gas producon from he cosed and capped Markdae andf. The'Area Requrng Furher Sudy' boundary provdes a reasonabe dsance from he andf, beyond whch surface waer, groundwaer, and mehane gas s consdered no o be a concern (as defned n Fgure 2). Consequeny, s concuded ha he ands beyond hs u Muncpay ofgrey Hghands D-4 Sudy Cosed Markdae andf Gamsby and Mannerow

9 ! ' j. Fe No. M-1589 Page 7 boundary no onger requre furher D-4 Sudy pror o deveopmen, and he curren hodng provson may be fed. Based on he absence of specfc envronmena daa, s recommended ha ands whn he f ' 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy' (descrbed n Fgure 2) manan he curren hodng provson un furher sudy can deermne he poena for mpacs from he cosed Markdae andf j - whn ha area. f, As descrbed whn he repor, he 'Area Requrng Furher Sudy' has been deveoped usng, avaabe nformaon. As addona nformaon becomes avaabe, he boundary may need o be re-evauaed. r I f ' STATEMENT OF IMITATIONS The scope of hs sudy s med o he ems presened n Secon 2.0 of hs repor. Ths sudy nvesgaes he poena mpacs o he subjec propery assocaed wh he cosed Markdae 1: andf on Par of o 95, Concesson 1E, n Aremesa Townshp based on avaabe nformaon. Gamsby and Mannerow med canno guaranee he accuracy or reaby of nformaon provded by ohers. Gamsby and Mannerow med does no accep aby for r u ~ unknown, undenfed, undscosed or unforeseen surface or sub-surface conamnaon ha may be aer denfed. : A ofwhch s respecfuy submed. GAMSBY AND MANNEROW IMITED Prepared by: U II ~ Mahew Neson, M.Sc., P.Eng., P.Geo. Muncpay ofgrey Hghands D-4 Sudy Cosed Markdae andf Gamsby and Mannerow

10 M-1589 D-4 Sudy Muncpay of Grey Hghands m RADIUS FROM ANDFI INFERRED SHAOW GROUNDWATER FOW DIRECTION AREA REQUIRING FURTHER STUDY COSED MARKDAE ANDFI FOOTPRINT APPROXIMATE SEEP MONITORING OCATION (CSMS) SCAE = 1: 7,500 APRI 2008 SITE AYOUT COSED MARKDAE ANDFI Fgure No.2 raa Gamsby and Yannerow \:::;, Poed On: APRI 22, 2008 M1589FIC -2.0WG

11 M-1589 D-4 Sudy. Muncpay of Grey Hghands EGEND COSED MARKDAE ANDFI PROPERTY IMITS COSED MARKDAE ANDFI FOOTPRINT SCAE = 1:7,500 APRI 2008 SITE OCATION MAP COSED MARKDAE ANDFI Fgure NO.1 raa Gamsby and Mannerow \:::; Poed On: APRI 22, 2008 M15S9FIG1.DWG