Liberia A. Definitions and sources of data

Transcription

1 Liberia A. Definitions and sources of data The data on the annual flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Liberia were gathered from the tapes provided by the International Monetary Fund in its balance-of-payments statistics, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Development Assistance Committee and International Development Statistics On-line Databases. Posted November 2006

2 B. Statistics on FDI and the operations of TNCs

3 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 3 of 12 Table 1. Summary of FDI Variable Inward Outward 1. FDI flows, (annual average) FDI flows as a percentage of GFCF, (annual average) FDI stock, FDI stock as a percentage of GDP, Source: Based on tables 3a, 4 and UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database.

4 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 4 of 12 Table 3a. FDI flows, by type of investment, Year Equity Inward investment Reinvested earnings Intracompany loans Total Equity Outward investment Intracompany Reinvested earnings loans Total Source : UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Note : FDI inflows: OECD for , and , IMF for , the IMF country report May 2005 No. 05/166 for 2002 and estimate for FDI outflows: Proxy for and estimate for Proxy is based on investments reported by the following economies: Brazil and the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg, Brazil and the United States, 1989 Belgium and Luxembourg, Brazil, France and the United States, 1990 Belgium and Luxembourg, Brazil and the United States, 1991 Belgium and Luxembourg, Brazil, France and the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg, Brazil, China, France and the United States, 1996 France and the United States, 1997 Belgium and Luxembourg, France and the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg and the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg, France and the United States, 2002 France, Sweden and the United States, 2003 Unites States.

5 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 5 of 12 Year Equity Table 4. FDI stock, by type of investment, Inward Investment Reinvested Intracompany earnings loans Outward Investment Total Equity Reinvested Intracompany earnings loans Total Source : UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Note : FDI inward stock: Estimated by accumulating inflows since FDI outward stock: Proxy based on investments reported by the United States for , are estimated by adding flows to the 2000 stock.

6 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 6 of 12 Table 6. FDI flows in the host economy, by geographical origin, Economy Belgium / Luxembourg Croatia France Germany Malaysia Netherlands Portugal Sweden United States Source : UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Table 9. FDI flows abroad, by geographical destination, Economy Armenia Belgium / Luxembourg Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Chile China Croatia Czech Republic France Germany Iran, Islamic Republic of Kazakhstan Malaysia Pakistan Peru Portugal Saudi Arabia Sweden United States Venezuela Source : UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database.

7 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 7 of 12 Table 12. FDI stock in the host economy, by geographical origin, Economy Brazil Canada Croatia Germany Latvia Malaysia Norway Slovenia United Kingdom United States Source : UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Note: Data are based on information reported by the economies listed above Table 15. FDI stock abroad, by geographical destination, Economy Armenia Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Canada Colombia Croatia Czech Republic Indonesia Kazakhstan Latvia Peru Portugal United States Venezuela Viet Nam Source : UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Note: Data are based on information reported by the economies listed above

8 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 8 of 12 Table 21. The number of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad, Economy Armenia Hong Kong, China Indonesia United States Table 23. The number of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin, Economy Germany United States Table 28. Assets of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad, Economy Hong Kong, China United States Table 30. Assets of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin, Economy Germany United States Table 33. Employment of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad, (Thousands of employees) Economy Indonesia United States Table 35. Employment of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin, (Thousands of employees) Economy Germany United States

9 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 9 of 12 Tables 38, 43, 48, 58 and 63. Wages and salaries, sales, value added, exports and imports of foreign affiliates of Liberian TNCs in the United States, Table no. Variable Wages and salaries Sales Value added Exports Imports Note: Data are based on information reported by the United States. Tables 40 and 50. Wages and salaries and value added of affiliates of United States TNCs in Liberia, Table no. Variable Wages and salaries Value added a a Majority-owned affiliates of United States TNCs. Table 45. Sales of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin, Economy Germany United States

10 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 10 of 12 Table 88. Largest affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, 2004 (Millions of dollars and number) Company Home economy Industry Sales Employees A. Industrial Liberia Cement Corporation Germany Mining and quarrying.... B. Tertiary Gas Diana Transport Inc. Japan Transport and storage 67.. a Dia Maritime Inc. Japan Transport and storage 18.. a Gas Asia Shipping Japan Transport and storage 6.. a Naiad Shipping Japan Transport and storage 6.. a T. S. Central Shipping Co. Japan Transport and storage 5 3 b Rioship Co. Japan Transport and storage 3.. a Bamboo Shipping Corp. Japan Transport and storage 3.. b Liberian Paramount Japan Transport and storage 2.. b Solar Shipholding Corp. Japan Transport and storage 1.. b Ace Navigation Japan Transport and storage.... Anda Fpso Japan Other business activities.... Arco Ireland United Kingdom Other business activities.... Baratta Shipping Japan Transport and storage.... Castlerock Shipping Japan Transport and storage.... Cm Pacific Maritime Corporation Japan Transport and storage.... C. Finance and insurance Assets Employees SA-Xiamen.. Finance.... SAF.. Finance.... Sources : The Banker's Almanac, 2003 (London, Reed Information Services Ltd, 2003); Thomson Analytics ( Who Owns Whom, 2003 (London, Dun and Bradstreet, 2003). a b 2002.

11 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 11 of 12 C. Legal frameworks for transnational corporations Liberia had adopted a number of national and international legal instruments to regulate the activities of the transnational corporations and foreign direct investors in the country. The key instruments applicable include: I. National framework The Investment Incentives Code of Source: Liberian Code of Laws Revised, 1976 edition. Title 8. Also in International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation ATS, suppi. No. 87, August The Industrial Free-Zones Law of Source: Liberian Code of Laws Revised, 1976 edition. Title 8. The General Business Law of 1975 as amended in Source: Liberian Code of Laws Revised, 1976 edition. Title 15. Associations Law of Effective 3 January Source: Liberian Code of Laws Revised, 1976 edition. Title 6. Patent, Copyright and Trademark Law of 31 May 1972; effective on 12 August Source: Copyright Laws and Treaties of the World, vol. I., Liberian Supplement, II. International Framework A. Liberia is a party to the following multilateral and regional instruments: Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 1883 (Revised at Brussels in 1900, Washington in 1911, The Hague in 1925, London in 1934, Lisbon in 1958 and Stockholm in 1967, and as amended in 1979). Signed in Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of other States of Entered into force on 14 October 1966 Convention Establishing the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency of 1985, entered into force on 12 April 1988 (In the process of fulfilling membership requirements). Revised Treaty of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Fourth ACP - EEC Convention (Lome IV) of 1989, entered into force on 1 March B. Bilateral treaties 1. Bilateral investment treaties for the protection and promotion of investments: Germany 1961, Switzerland 1963, France 1979, Belgium / Luxembourg Bilateral treaties for the avoidance of double taxation: Sweden 1969, Germany 1970, United States 1987.

12 UNCTAD WID Country Profile: LIBERIA Page 12 of 12 D. Sources of Information A. Official.. B. Secondary Collier, Paul and Anke, Hoeffler (1995). "War, peace and private portfolio", in World Development, vol. 23, no 2, pp Cooper, Neil (2002). "The role of demilitarisation in promoting democracy and prosperity in Africa", Chapter 6 in Brauer and Dunne (2000). Economist Intelligence Unit (2002a). Country Profile 2001/2002: Liberia (London: EIU Ltd.). (2002b). Country Report: Liberia (London: EIU Ltd.), September. (2005a). Country Profile 2001/2002: Liberia (London: EIU Ltd.). (2005b). Country Report: Liberia (London: EIU Ltd.), September. International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2006). IMF's Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Economic Outlook, March 10, (Washington D.C.: IMF). Soderbom, M. and F. Teal (2004). "Size and Efficiency in Africa Manufacturing firms: Evidence from Firm-Level Panel Data." Journal of Development Economics, 73. pp United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2002). FDI in the Least Developed Countries at a Glance (Geneva: UNCTAD/ITE/IIA/6). (2005a). Investor-Disputes Arising from Investment Treaties: A Review. UNCTAD Series of International Investment Policies for Development (UNCTAD/ITE/IIT/2005/4). (2005b). A Survey of Support by Investment Promotion Agencies to Linkages. Advisory Studies No. 18 (UNCTAD/ITE/IPC/2005/12). (2005c). FDI in least developed countries at a glance: 2005/2006 (UNCTAD/ITE/IIA/2005/17). United States Trade Representative (2006) Comprehensive Report on U.S. Trade and Investment Policy Toward Sub-Saharan Africa and Implementation of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act: The Sixth of Eight Annual Reports, May (Washington D.C.: US Government).