Fahmida Ahmed Director, Office of Sustainability Department of Sustainability & Energy Management Stanford University

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1 Fahmida Ahmed Director, Office of Sustainability Department of Sustainability & Energy Management Stanford University

2 Sustainability at Stanford: Research and Action The Initiative on Environment and Sustainability (Since 23) Interdisciplinary Research: The Initiative boosted interdisciplinary research and teaching in all seven of Stanford s schools, as well as in interdisciplinary institutes, centers, and associated programs across campus, in recognition of the fact that solutions to complex challenges demand collaboration across multiple fields. innovatio n Sustainable Stanford (Since 27) Institutional Practice of Sustainability: Universitywide effort to reduce Stanford s environmental impact and preserve resources through innovation and best practices.

3 Stanford Facts 15 Million GSF (main campus) 2 Million GSF (hospitals) 16, students (7, undergraduate + 9, graduate) 2, faculty 1, staff (main campus) Energy Facts Building electricity use 2,, KWH/year; 34MW peak demand Building heat use 62, MMBTU/year; 16 MMBTU peak demand Building chilling use 62,, TONHRS/year; 23, tons peak demand Grid footprint (Buildings + CEF) 3,, KWH/year; 42MW peak demand Gas use (Buildings + CEF) 6, MMBTU/year Stanford DA electricity cost $.67/KWH (215/216); $.8/KWH (217 ) IOU electricity cost $.15/KWH Natural Gas cost $5.4/MMBTU (215/216)

4 Cogeneration: Heat & Power Combined Heat & Power (CHP) Separate Heat & Power (SHP) HEAT Steam Boiler or Hot Water Generator Cogeneration Unit POWER Onsite or Offsite Power Generation

5 Trigeneration: Heat, Power, & Cooling Combined Heat & Power (CHP) Separate Heat & Power (SHP) HEAT Steam Boiler or Hot Water Generator Cogeneration Unit Steam or Electric Powered Chillers COOLING Steam or Electric Powered Chillers POWER Onsite or Offsite Power Generation

6 Trigeneration: Heat, Power, & Cooling Combined Heat & Power (CHP) Combined Heat & Cooling (CHC) Cogeneration Unit Steam or Electric Powered Chillers HEAT COOLING Heat Recovery Chiller POWER Onsite or Offsite Power Generation

7 Previous Trigeneration System Overview Cardinal Cogeneration Plant 5MW ( ) Third Party Owned & Operated 6% electricity for university balance to Grid Steam & Chilled Water distributed to campus Accounted for 85% of university GHG emissions & 25% of fresh water supply

8 Previous Trigeneration System Profile

9 Need for a New Energy System Support Academic Mission Expansion for Campus and Hospital Growth Successor for Cardinal Cogen (215) Maintain Economic Viability Increase efficiency innovatio n Protect against gas and water cost increase Lead Sustainability By Example Reduce carbon footprint and water use Create foundation for green energy portfolio

10 Sustainability and Energy Management Energy Conservation in Existing Buildings Energy Efficiency in New Building Design Energy Supply

11 Energy Efficiency in New Building Design 28215: New buildings be designed to use at least 3% less energy than state building code. Current: Benchmarkbased targets Jasper Ridge Field Station 25 Recipient of the AIA/COTE Top Green Projects Award Carnegie Global Ecology Research Center 27 Recipient of the AIA/COTE Top Green Projects Award Jerry Yang and Akiko Yamazaki Environment and Energy (Y2E2) Building

12 Energy Conservation in Existing Buildings Existing Energy Conservation and Efficiency Initiatives Energy Retrofit Program Whole Building Retrofit Program Energy Conservation Incentive Program Building Operating Strategies Excessive Use Monitoring HVAC Recommisiosning High Efficiency Transformers Room Temperature Storage Stanford saved over 2.3 Million mmbtu (a full year s consumption), over the last 12 years.

13 Whole Building Energy Retrofit Program Gilbert PrePost retrofit (example)

14 Stanford Energy System Innovations 28215

15 Stanford Energy System Innovations (SESI) Stanford Energy System Innovations (SESI) is a new university sustainability program designed to meet the energy needs of Stanford campus. After four years of planning and three years of construction and implementation, SESI came online in late March via a new Central Energy Facility. Primary Benefits Reduce campus greenhouse gas emissions by 68% Reduce campus fresh water use by an additional 15% Save $42 million over next 35 years

16 Vision & Strategy for Stanford Energy Supply Path to Economic and Environmental Sustainability in Stanford s Energy Supply: 1. Make campus energy systems as efficient as possible Demand Side efficiency (new and existing buildings) Supply Side efficiency (SESI) 2. Move on to electrical grid Secure electricity supply via Direct Access 3. Migrate electricity portfolio to sustainable options

17 Planning Process Map energy use by the hour for a whole year Forecast future loads for at least 3 year life Develop energy schemes to serve loads over full life Prepare Life Cycle Present Value Cost, GHG, Water estimates Make informed decisions on future energy system

18 MMbtu Thermal Energy Supply Mapping MMbtu Stanford University Heat Recovery Potential at Central Energy Facility Sample Date 7/23/28 Thermal Overlap Cooling Heating Summer MMbtu Stanford University Heat Recovery Potential at Central Energy Facility Sample Date 4/16/28 Heating Cooling Hour of Day Stanford University Heat Recovery Potential at Central Energy Facility Sample Date 1/23/28 Heating Cooling Thermal Overlap Thermal Overlap Spring & Fall Winter Hour of Day Hour of Day

19 Simultaneous Heating and Cooling

20 Waste Heat Being Discarded from Cardinal Cogeneration Plant

21 Innovation: District Level Heat Recovery At Stanford heat recovery is used to capture 57% of building waste heat for reuse to meet 93% of campus heating needs. Cooling Heating Heat Recovery 57% 93% Large scale deployment of heat recovery Combining best heating and cooling technologies in Europe and North America * Limited sampling indicates at least a 3% annual heat recovery potential in all climates across the lower 48 states, with many above 4%.

22 Moving Along Decision Systems Student Input Consultant Peer Reviews Budget & Finance Reviews Faculty Reviews President & Provost Reviews Board Energy Advisory Committee Review Full Board Review & Decision

23 NPV (Millions) GHG (million tons); Water (million ccf) Comparison of Options Studied Stanford University Central Energy Facility Replacement Options $2, Onsite Gas Cogeneration Options Grid Power Options Grid + Onsite PV Options 1. Steam Options Hot Water Options 9.4 $1,7 $1,593 Heat Recovery Options $1,4 $1,356 $1,392 $1,399 $1,333 $1,29 $1,371 $1,276 $1, $1,1 $ Electricity Natural Gas O&M Capital Water used (ccf) Total GHG $5 $549 $579 $546 $546 $ $435 $474 $ $2 $ $1 1. Business As Usual 2. New Cogen (Steam) 3. New Cogen (HW) 4. Gas Power (Turbine) + Heat Recovery 5. Gas Power (IC Engines) + Heat Recovery 6. Grid + Heat Recovery 7. Grid, No Heat Recovery 8. Grid + 2% Photovoltaic Power + Heat Recovery 9. Grid + 33% Photovoltaic Power + Heat Recovery.2

24 Implementation and Benefits

25 (1) (2) (3) (4) hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 15 hw hw hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 22 hrc 2 cw, 22 hrc 2 cw, 22 hrc 2 cw, 17 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr 34 59, 3, 1, 2, hw, cw, 4 chl 8, 36 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 8, 9 chl 8, 9 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 26 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 46 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 92 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 7, 8, 9, chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 7, 8, 9, chl 6, 21 chl 6, 15 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc 2 cw, 1 hrc 2 cw, 1 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 128 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 121 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 68 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 8, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 8, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 7, 19 chl 7, 19 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 2 hw, 14 hrc 2 hw, 14 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 21 hrc 2 hw, 24 hrc 2 hw, 31 hrc 2 hw, 31 hrc 2 hw, : 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: hw hw unmet hrc chl blr htr blr 34 59, 3, 1, 2, hw, cw, 3 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr 34 59, 3, 1, 2, hw, cw, 3 hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 24 hw hw hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 15 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 hw unmet hrc chl chl blr htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 6 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 23 hrc 2 cw, 23 hrc 2 cw, 23 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr 34 58, 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 17 hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 27 hrc 1 cw, 27 hrc 1 cw, 27 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 34 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 47 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 43 chl 8, 9, 2 chl 8, 9, 2 chl 8, 9, 2 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc 1 cw, 16 hrc 1 cw, 16 hrc 1 cw, 16 hrc 1 hw, 22 hrc 1 hw, 21 hrc 1 hw, 21 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 38 hrc 1 hw, 38 hrc 1 hw, 38 hrc 2 hw, 23 hrc 2 hw, 32 hrc 2 hw, 32 hrc 2 hw, 32 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 Monday, August 1, 216 Tuesday, August 2, 216 : 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 1 6: 24 7: 19 8: 14 9: unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 146 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 165 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 142 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 133 unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, cw, unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, 15 chl 9, chl 13 9, unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 8, 8 chl 8, 8 chl 8, 8 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc hw, cw, hrc hw, cw, hrc hw, cw, unmet hrc chl blr htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 8, 8 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc hrc cw, cw, 5 hw unmet hrc blr htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 3 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 16 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hw hrc from 2 hw, tes 7 3 hrc 2 hw, 22 1,6 1,2 8 4 (4) (8) (1,2) (1,6) SESI Program Elements Heat Recovery (District level application) New thermal system (Steam to hot water ) Renewable Energy Portfolio ( Purchased electricity) Highvoltage substation (New ) Advanced Energy Management Software ( patented ) mmbtu 1: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 2: 21: 22: 23: CEF Dispatch 1: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 2: 21: 22: 23: mmbtu (line chart) Benefits Energy savings, water savings, increased system efficiency, flexibility to adapt to new energy generation technologies, increased safety, reduced operations and maintenance cost, and improved services reliability.

26 Overall Conversion Plan Central Energy Facility Colors represent different phases of steam to hot water conversion 2 miles of new hot water pipe 155 building conversions

27 Central Energy Facility Facts 3 each 2,5 ton York Titan OM heat recovery chillers 4 each 3, ton York CYK electric chillers 3 each 61 mmbtu Cleaver Brooks gas hot water generators 9, tonhr CW TES (2 each 5 million gallon tanks)(cws 42F; CWR 56F) 6 mmbtu HW TES (1 each 2.3 million gallon tank)(hws 16F; HWR 13F) 27

28 New Central Energy Facility

29 New Central Energy Facility Cooling Heat 57% Recovery 93% Gas Heating

30 New Central Energy Facility

31 mmbtu hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 15 hw hw hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, unmet hrc chl htr blr 34 59, 3, 1, 2, hw, cw, 4 chl 8, 36 unmet hrc chl htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc chl htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 8, 9 chl 8, 9 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 7, 8, 9, chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 7, 8, 9, chl 6, 21 chl 6, 15 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl 34 56, 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc 2 cw, 1 hrc 2 cw, 1 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 2 cw, 11 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 2 hw, 21 : hrc 2 hw, 31 hrc 2 hw, 31 hrc 2 hw, 3 1: 2: 3: hrc 2 hw, 24 4: hrc 2 hw, 14 hrc 2 hw, 14 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, 15 hrc 2 hw, : 6: 7: 8: 9: 1: 11: 12: 13: unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 128 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 68 unmet hrc chl htr blr , 8, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc chl htr blr , 8, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 7, 19 chl 7, 19 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, cw, hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 cw, 23 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, 32 hrc 1 hw, : 16 15: 16 16: 18 17: 18 18: 2 19: 21 2: 21 21: hw hw unmet hrc chl htr blr 34 59, 3, 1, 2, hw, cw, 3 unmet hrc chl htr blr 34 59, 3, 1, 2, hw, cw, 3 hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 24 hw hw hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 chl 9, 36 hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 15 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 chl 8, 36 hw unmet hrc chl chl htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 6 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 23 hrc 2 cw, 23 hrc 2 cw, 23 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 hrc 2 cw, 26 unmet hrc chl htr blr 34 58, 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 17 hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 27 hrc 1 cw, 27 hrc 1 cw, 27 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 unmet hrc chl htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 unmet hrc chl htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 unmet hrc chl htr blr , 3, 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, 2 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 38 hrc 1 hw, 38 hrc 1 hw, 38 hrc 2 hw, 32 hrc 2 hw, 32 hrc 2 hw, 32 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 hrc 2 hw, 35 22: 23: : 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: hrc 2 hw, : 24 7: 19 8: 14 9: unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 34 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 47 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 43 chl 8, 9, 2 chl 8, 9, 2 chl 8, 9, 2 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc cw, hrc 1 cw, 16 hrc 1 cw, 16 hrc 1 cw, 16 hrc 1 hw, 22 hrc 1 hw, 21 hrc 1 hw, : 29 11: 28 12: unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 146 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 165 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 142 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, 133 unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, cw, unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, 15 chl 9, chl 13 9, unmet hrc chl htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 8, 8 chl 8, 8 chl 8, 8 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc chl , 7, 8, 9, hw, cw, hrc hw, cw, hrc hw, cw, hrc hw, cw, 49 13: 49 14: 49 15: 47 16: 48 17: 5 18: 51 19: 51 2: 51 21: unmet hrc chl htr blr , 9, 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 8, 8 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc hrc cw, cw, 5 hw unmet hrc htr blr , 1, 2, hw, cw, chl 9, 3 chl 8, 36 chl 7, 36 chl 6, 36 hrc 34 5 cw, hrc 2 cw, 16 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 cw, 3 hrc 1 hw, 41 hrc 1 hw, 41 hw hrc from 2 hw, tes : hrc 2 hw, 22 23: mmbtu (line chart) Innovation: Advanced System Control Enterprise Optimization Solution (EOS) CEF Dispatch 4 1,6 3 1,2 2 1 hrc 2 cw, 22 hrc 2 cw, 22 hrc 2 cw, 22 hrc 2 cw, (1) (4) (2) (8) (3) (1,2) (4) Monday, August 1, 216 Tuesday, August 2, 216 (1,6) EOS is a patented energy modeling and dispatch system using over 122 variables including building occupancy, ambient conditions, time of year, projected energy prices, weather forecast, current system conditions, etc. to develop 15minute dispatches that show the optimal way to run the plant.

32 Overall Benefits 68% GHG reduction from current levels 15% (additional) potable water savings Lowest Cost Option Flexibility in long term energy sourcing Electricity can be made in many ways With a gas option we would be limited for next 3 years

33 68% Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction

34 15% Potable Water Savings Domestic Water use (million gal per day) 4. Stanford University Domestic Water Demand Projections History of Conservation Current water supply limit (3.3M GPD) Since 2, Stanford has already reduced its potable water consumption by 21% though building retrofits and conservation efforts SESI With SESI, Stanford will save an additional 15%. Stanford s water reduction will increase to 36% in just 15 years..5

35 68% Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction 5%: Reduction from efficiencies gained via Central Energy Facility 18%: Reduction from renewable energy content in purchased electricity Stanford s Renewable Energy Content in Purchased Electricity New 73MW solar PV plant (CA) 3% 35% 5% 12% General California grid power green Onsite rooftop PVs (Stanford University) General California grid power Greener than California Mix Stanford is supplying 65% of our electricity from renewable sources instead of the minimum 33% renewables required by California

36 Stanford Leading by Example Unprecedented steps to provide environmental sustainability leadership within higher education, with demonstrated excellence in sustainability research, teaching and action. Exceptional commitment and investment by a university in energy supplies that are progressive, economical and flexible. A model system for education, governments and business, with stateoftheart energy delivery that meet the highest global conservation goals.

37 Visit us at sustainable.stanford.edu/sesi For More Information, visit sustainable.stanford.edu/sesi