TERMINOLOGY & FORMS Hyung poomsae tul forms hyung. kata

Transcription

1 TERMINOLOGY & FORMS Hyung, poomsae or tul (casually referred to as forms) is a martial arts form that is typically used in a Korean martial art. A hyung is a performance of a sequence of typical techniques from the martial art, either with or without the use of a weapon. This sequence is sometimes called "imaginary fighting" as it involves pre-determined and choreographed routines, sequences and patterns which resemble real combat, but are artistically non-combative or cooperative. These hyungs are performed as a way of practicing basic and advanced techniques in the martial art as well as in open competitions. In competition, routines are evaluated by a panel of masterlevel judges who base the score on many factors including energy, precision, speed, and control. Many Korean martial arts refer to their forms as hyung. The most popular of these is Taekwondo, though Tang Soo Do also refers to its forms as hyung. Individuals who train in Japanese and related styles of martial arts refer to forms as kata. Of these forms, there are two classifications; creative and traditional. Creative forms are created by the performer are generally more acrobatic in nature. (As an example, a performer may break several boards that have been arranged in a shape.) The traditional forms are more true to the basics of the martial art... 1

2 HYUNG (FORMS) (KOREAN) FORM (ENGLISH) TRANSLATION & HISTORY Ki Cho Il Boo Basic Form #1 Basic Form, (History Unknown) Ki Cho Yi Boo Basic Form #2 Basic Form, (History Unknown) Ki Cho Sahm Boo Basic Form #3 Basic Form, (History Unknown) Pyung Ahn Cho Dan Pyung Ahn #1 Peaceful Confidence, Created in 1870 by Mr. Iclos Pyung Ahn Yi Dan Pyung Ahn #2 Peaceful Confidence, Created in 1870 by Mr. Iclos Pyung Ahn Sahm Dan Pyung Ahn #3 Peaceful Confidence, Created in 1870 by Mr. Iclos Pyung Ahn Sah Dan Pyung Ahn #4 Peaceful Confidence, Created in 1870 by Mr. Iclos Pyung Ahn Oh Dan Pyung Ahn #5 Peaceful Confidence, Created in 1870 by Mr. Iclos Passai or Bassai Bassai The SNAKE Fast and Light Active, Created in mid to late 1500 s Nai Han Chi Cho Dan Nai Han Chi #1 The HORSE Sideways, Step Advance, Harder More Powerful; Created during the Chinese Song Dynasty 900 years ago; assumed creator is Jang Song Kye, founder of Kang Yu Ryu Nai Han Chi Yi Dan Nai Han Chi #2 The HORSE Sideways, Step Advance, Harder More powerful. There are 30 movements in this form. Na Han Chi Sahm Dan Nai Han Chi #3 The HORSE Sideways, Step Advance, Harder More powerful. There are 40 movements in this form. 2

3 HYUNG (FORMS) (KOREAN) FORM (ENGLISH) TRANSLATION & HISTORY Sip Soo THE BEAR, Creator unknown, created in Ha Buk, Northern China. There are 27 movements in Sip Soo. Ro Hai ( Lo Hai) THE STORK, Creator unknown, created in Han Nam, Southern China. There as 34 movements in Ro Hai. Jin Do THE CRANE, balance & center; to advance & retreat, created 200 to 300 years ago, created in Ha Nam, Southern China. There are 44 movements in Jin Do. Kong Sang Kun THE EAGLE or TALONS, named in honor of a Chinese missionary, Kong San Kun about 300 years ago; created in Han Ham, Southern China. There are 66 movements in Kong Sang Kun. Sei Shan THE PRAYING MANTIS, influenced by Tae Ku Kwon a discipline of form and combat applications; created in Ha Buk, Northern China. There are 45 movements in Sei Shan. 3

4 HYUNG (FORMS) (KOREAN) FORM (ENGLISH) TRANSLATION & HISTORY Wang Shu SMALL BIRD, Founded by Chinese Envoy Master Wang Shu. Translates to Excellent or Incredible Arms. Designed to be very active, and must be performed with great speed when lowering and raising the body. There are 39 movements in Wang Shu. Form was created in combination of hard and soft techniques; created in Ji On THE RAM or GOAT, development of technique and human mental character; physical conditioning and ability of sparring; in Yong Nam, China. There are 50 movements in this form. O-Sip Sa Bo THE TIGER, creator unknown; created in about 1600 in Ho Nam, China. There are 77 movements in this form. Hwa Sun GREAT WARRIOR. Created by O Sik Pak in

5 HYUNG (FORMS) (KOREAN) FORM (ENGLISH) TRANSLATION & HISTORY Chil Sung Il Ro SEVEN STAR FORMS, Founded by Grandmaster Hwang Chil Sung Yi Ro Kee. The name Chil Sung come from a dream that Grandmaster Chil Sung Sam Ro Hwang Kee s mother had about the Big Dipper before she Chil Sung Sa Ro conceived Hwang Kee. Chil Sung O Ro Chil Sung Yuk Ro Chil Sung Chil Ro GREAT GATE (History Unknown) Yuk Ro Yi Dan CUTTING MIDDLE OF CENTER, cutting the middle with many open hand techniques, (History Unknown) Yuk Ro Sam Dan EMBRASSING THE MOON, (History Unknown) Yuk Ro Sa Dan HIGH WHIP Yuk Ro O Dan KILLING SCALE Yuk Ro Yuk Dan JUMPING, CAPTURING 5

6 NUMBERS KOREAN TRANSLATION ENGLISH TRANSLATION Ha Na One Dool Two Set Three Net Four Dasot Five Yosot Six Ilgot Seven Yodull Eight Ahope Nine Yohl Ten 6

7 NUMBERS (CONTINUED) CHINESE TRANSLATION ENGLISH TRANSLATION Il First Yi Second Sahm Third Sah Fourth Oh Fifth Yuk Sixth Chil Seventh Pal Eighth Ku Ninth Ship Tenth FIGHTING TERMINOLGY Sham Sheek Da Ru 3-Step Sparring Il Sheek Da Ru 1-Step Sparring Kumite Free Fighting 7

8 GENERAL TERMINOLOGY Do Chang Training Hall Dan Black Belt Holder Sah Bam Black Belt Holder 1 st to 4 th Degree (Black Belt Holder Certifies at 3 rd Degree) Sah Bam Nim Black Belt Holder 5 th to 7 th Degree (Master Black Belt Holder) Kwan Jang Nim Black Belt Holder 8 th Degree & Above (Grandmaster Black Belt Holder) Nim Senior Grandmaster Je ja Student Gup Student below black belt Do Bok Karate Uniform Gi Karate Uniform Belt Son Kwan Main School 8

9 GENERAL TERMINOLOGY (CONTINUED) Cha Ryut Attention Kyong Yet Bow Yi Ro Sut Stand Up Ahn Ja Sit Down Ba Ro Return to previous motion To Ra Turn Around Ki Yap Yell Chong Kwon Fist STANCES Joon Bee Ready Stance Ke Ma Ja Seh Horse Stance Chul Gul Ja Seh Front Stance Hu Gul Ja Seh Fighting Stance 9

10 PUNCHES Kong Kyuk Reverse Punch Ha Dan Kong Kyuk Low Area Punch Chung Dan Kong Kyuk Middle Area Punch Sang Dan Kong Kyuk High Punch or Head Punch Weng Jin Kong Kyuk Side Punch Kwan Soo Kong Kyuk Finger Punch Te Te Vertical Punch 10

11 HAND & ARM TECHNIQUES Kap Kwon Back Fist Yu Kwon Bottom Fist Soo Do Knife Hand Kwan Soo Spear Hand Yuk Soo Ridge Hand Dwi Shon Chicken Strike Jang Kwon Palm Strike Pal Kum Chi Elbow BLOCKING Mahk Kee Block Han Dan Mahk Kee Low Block Chung Dan Mahk Kee Middle Area Block Sang Dan Mahk Kee High Block or Head Block Chung DanYup Mahk Kee Side Block Phakuro Ahneso Mah Kee Outside to Inside Block 11

12 BLOCKING (CONTINUED) Dwi Shon Mah Kee Chicken Block Ssang Soo Ha Dan Mah Kee 2 Fist X Low Block Ssang Soo Chung Dan Mah Kee 2 Fist X Middle Block Ssang Soo Sang Dan Mah Kee 2 Fist X High or Head Block Ssang Soo Hul Gul Mah Kee 2 Fist Fighting Stance Block Han Dan Soo Do Mah Kee Open Hand Low Block Chung Dan Soo Do Mah Kee Open Hand Middle Block Sang Dan Soo Do Mah Kee Open Hand High or Head Block KICKING Cha Ki Kick Ahp Cha Ki Front Snap Kick Yup Cha Ki Side Snap Kick Dwi Cha Ki Back Kick (Spinning or not) Dull Ryo Cha Ki Roundhouse Kick Yi Dan Ahp Cha Ki Jump Front Snap Kick Yi DanYup Cha Ki Jump Side Snap Kick 12

13 KICKING (CONTINUED) Yi Dan Dwi Cha Ki Jump Back Kick (Spinning or not) Yi Dan Dull Ryo Cha Ki Jump Roundhouse Kick (Unknown) Crescent Kick (Inside to Outside) (Unknown) Crescent Kick (Outside to Inside) (Unknown) Wheel Kick (Unknown) Ax Kick (Unknown) Jump Crescent Kick (Inside to Outside) (Unknown) Jump Crescent Kick (Outside to Inside) (Unknown) Jump Wheel Kick (Unknown) Jump Ax Kick (Unknown) Hook Kick (Unknown) Jump Hook Kick (Unknown) Spinning Back Hook Kick (Unknown) Outside to Inside Front Snap Kick TERMINOLOGY-FORMS (Updated August 3, 2012) 13