NIGERIA. Highlights. Borno and Yobe States Market Monitoring

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1 Fighting Hunger Worldwide IGERIA August 217-ISSUE 7 Borno and Yobe States Monitoring Highlights The value of the aira (in the parallel markets) appreciated by 26% gaining averagely 129 against the US dollar between February and July 217. Currently, the average official ex rate is 3 to one USD, while trading at G to a USD in the parallel market. The prices of cereal and cereal products remained stable across WFP monitored markets in Yobe and Borno state, except in few markets in Damaturu and Geidam where there was a small month-on-month price increase. With the main harvest commencing in October-ovember, prices of cereals are likely to remain stable or decline. The prices of imported rice, local rice and maize flour remained stable across WFP monitored markets in Yobe and Borno states, except in few markets in Damaturu, Geidam markets where the month on month prices increased slightly. The price of red beans, increased by 9.4% in Geidam and by 8.3% in Yunusari as compared to July. Over a period of 3 months, the prices of red beans increased significantly by 12.7 to 3.7 % in the following markets: guru, Geidam, Damaturu, Potiskum, Yusufari and Yunusari in Yobe. In the same vein, the price of cooking oil increased by a range of 8 to 37 percent in Budum, Tahsan Bama, Kasuwan Shanu, Custom market, Monday market, Bullumkutu, Yusufari and guru markets. Introduction This monthly bulletin provides a synopsis on price s for commonly consumed staples and on prices of food commodities in Borno and Yobe states. Its main objective is to monitor and analyze commodity prices in order to inform stakeholders: of food price s over time, at different markets and how these prices of staples relative to other local commodities that are key sources of meeting food requirements for vulnerable households. To this end, WFP igeria Country Office is implementing a bi -weekly market monitoring system in 11 markets in Yobe State, which include Damaturu, Bursari, Fune, Potiskum, Jakusko, Geidam, Yunusari, Yusufari, Bade, guru, angere markets are monitored and in 9 main markets (Monday market, Abbaganaram, Budum, Kasuwan Shanu, Bullumkutu, Baga Road, Tashan Bama, Custom market and Bolori Stores) within Maiduguri and Jere Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Borno State to highlight the impact of market trends on households access to food (Figure 1). Borno and Yobe States Monthly Monitoring Report August ISSUE 7 1

2 Figure 1: price monitoring locations in Borno and Yobe States Yobe market locations Maiduguri (Borno) market locations Food basket monitoring The Survival Minimum Expenditure Basket (calculated for 2,1 kcal/per person) for a family of people is calculated in August as 17, aira in MMC and Jere (table 1). In Yobe the SMEB cost was also calculated with market prices from Damaturu market (Table 2). The transfer value calculated for 7% of the daily food needs of a -person household for one month is 17,4.2 naira, which is slightly lower than that of Maiduguri. Table 1: Transfer value calculated for household members in Maiduguri markets for one month HOUSEHOLD SIZE Food Item gms/da gms/hh/d gms/hh/mo kg/hh/mont Kc/day/pp y/pp ay nth h Rice 1 Millet Maize 2 Beans Palm oil 7 22, , Groundnut 1 8 Sugar 1 G/nut oil/veg Oil Salt Onion Cost food basket at 7%: Price/HH/month aira 48 1, ,7 11, , 1, , , , , , Total 7% 4 Price/kg- aira (MPM) 2,1 2,4. 1,47 17, ,7.67 Per capita based on 7% transfer value Borno and Yobe States Monthly Monitoring Report August ISSUE 7 2

3 Table 2: Transfer value calculated for household members in Damaturu markets for one month Food Item HOUSEHOLD SIZE gms/da y/pp Kc/day/pp gms/hh/d ay gms/hh/mo nth kg/hh/mont h Price/kg- aira (MPM) Price/HH/month - aira Rice , ,3 Millet. Maize , ,37 Beans , ,388 Palm oil , Groundnut , Sugar , G/nut oil/veg Oil , ,7 Salt Onion , Total 2,1 2,7. Cost food basket at 7%: 7% 1,47 17,4.2 Price trends in Borno and Yobe Per capita based on 7% transfer value 3,8. The prices of food commodities like sorghum, in Borno declined or remained stable in most monitored markets. However, prices of cooking oil (local and imported) increased across the monitored markets in Borno and Yobe, an increase that might be attributed to the Eid Mubarak celebration in August. The price of Yam has increased significantly by 42% in Damaturu, 33% in Yusufari, and 47% in guru. In Geidam, Potiskum and Yunusari, the price of yam also increased by 16.7%, 2% and 26% respectively. Overall, the price of yam has witnessed a considerable increase between May and August 217, particularly in Yobe state (Figure 2). This rising price trend could be the result of the recent government policy on the exportation of yam to other countries from igeria. Trend of retail prices in Borno Trend of retail prices in Yobe Feb-17 Mar-17 Apr-17 May-17 Jun-17 Jul-17 Aug Feb-17 Mar-17 Apr-17 May-17 Jun-17 Jul-17 Aug-17 Sorghum Maize flour Yam Red beans Sorghum Maize Flour Yam Red Beans Peanuts Palm oil Vegetable Oil Peanuts Palm Oil Veg Oil Figure 2: Retail price trends in Borno and Yobe States Borno and Yobe States Monthly Monitoring Report August ISSUE 7 3

4 Maiduguri s Monitoring Update August 217 Commodity Monday market Peanuts (1.2 Kg) 3-3.% -1.% 4 2.3% 2.6% Maize flour (1.2 Kg) % -34.8% % -13.1% Onion (Grams) % 43.6% 1-3.%.% Palm oil (Litre) 17.6% 2.9% % 3.6% Red beans (1.2 Kg) % -8.% 23.% 2.% Imported rice (1.2 Kg) % -17.9% % -21.% Local rice (1.2 Kg) % -2.% % -1.2% Vegetable oil (Litre) % 13.6% % 18.1% Sorghum (1.2 Kg) % -18.3% % -29.6% Bullumkutu market Peanuts (Kg) 4.% -3.% % -7.% Abba Ganaram Maize flour (Kg) % -3.8% % -19.% Onion (Grams) 17 7.% 1.% 1 2.% 63.6% Palm oil (Litre) 2-4.% 17.3% % -13.2% Red beans (Kg) 4-1.% 8.4% % 17.6% Imported rice (Kg) 9-1.7% -3.% 7.% 2.1% Local rice (Kg) 4-7.% -9.3% 44 3.% 6.% Vegetable oil (Litre) % 2.8% %.3% Sorghum (1.2 Kg) 2-13.% -22.% 22.% 3.1% Custom market Peanuts (Kg) 39-2.% 14.7% % -4.4% Baga Road market Maize flour (Kg) % -2.9% % -24.1% Onion (Grams) 1.3%.% 1.% 2.% Palm oil (Litre) % -1.6% % -2.1% Red beans (Kg) 4-7.7% 12.% % 2.3% Imported rice (Kg) 7.% -7.3% 7 3.3% -2.3% Local rice (Kg) 4 2.3% -.9% 4-1.% 3.1% Vegetable oil (Litre) 2 3.% 23.2% 4 3.% 44.% Sorghum (1.2 Kg) % -2.9% 2-2.% -17.2% Kasuwan Shanu Peanuts (Kg) 4.% -1.8% % -1.2% Budum market Maize flour (Kg) % -1.6% % 3.1% Onion (Grams) 1.% 7.7% 17 7.% 7.% Palm oil (Litre) 44 1.% -6.7% 4 12.%.% Red beans (Kg).% 14.% -9.1% 22.4% Imported rice (Kg) 6.% -2.3% 6.% -1.4% Local rice (Kg) 4 4.7%.% 4.% -2.2% Vegetable oil (Litre) % 41.3% 48 2.% 11.6% Sorghum (1.2 Kg) % -7.4% 22-1.% -12.9% Price increase above normal price fluctuation Price fluctuation is considered normal if ormal Price Fluctuation Prices in aira price is within % for 1 month or Price decrease below normal price fluctuation within 1% for 3 months Tashan Bama Borno and Yobe States Monthly Monitoring Report August ISSUE 7 4

5 Yobe s Monitoring Update August 217 Commodity Potiskum Peanuts (1.2 Kg) % -.% %.% Maize flour (1.2 Kg) 2-2.4% -13.7% %.% Onion (Grams) 4-1.% -.% 1.% 1.% Palm oil (Litre) 6-4.% -14.3% % -1.7% Red beans (1.2 Kg) 47.% 3.7% % 12.1% Imported rice (1.2 Kg) 4 -.% -2.3% 2.%.% Local rice (1.2 Kg) %.% % -9.1% Vegetable oil (Litre) 6-7.1% -16.1% % -14.4% Yam (1 tuber) % 26.1% % 29.2% guru Damaturu Peanuts (Kg) 4 6.7%.% % -3.3% Maize flour (Kg) % -.6% % 3.7% Onion (Grams) 6 3.% -13.3% 1.%.% Palm oil (Litre) 6-1.3% -1.3% 6-2.% -17.2% Red beans (Kg) % 21.9% % 27.1% Imported rice (Kg) 7 9.% 4.% 7.8% 12.8% Local rice (Kg) % -.7% 41.6% -2.9% Vegetable oil (Litre) 7.%.% % -1.6% Yam (1 tuber) % 2.% % 7.7% Geidam Yusufari Peanuts (Kg) 39 4.% 4.% 37.% 3.4% Maize flour (Kg) %.% % -42.2% Onion (Grams) 1.% 22.2% 6 2.% 9.1% Palm oil (Litre) % -11.3% % -1.7% Red beans (Kg) % 23.3% % 21.9% Imported rice (Kg) 6 2.3% 12.% 4.8% 1.% Local rice (Kg) %.% % -2.9% Vegetable oil (Litre) % -6.7% 7.% -12.% Yam (1 tuber) % 6.% % 38.1% Price increase above normal price fluctuation Price fluctuation is considered normal if ormal Price Fluctuation Prices in aira price is within % for 1 month or Price decrease below normal price fluctuation within 1% for 3 months Conclusion Reduced market availability of staple food items (due to seasonal trends) has brought about increased prices of these staples and hampered food access for vulnerable households in most parts of Borno and Yobe States. The gradual appreciation in the value of the aira against major foreign currencies has contributed to price stability for essential imported food items while the impending main harvest of crops in October-ovember could significantly boost the market availability of local grains and bring about a decrease in prices. Yunusari For further information please contact: VAM Team, WFP igeria, igeria.vam@wfp.org Borno and Yobe States Monthly Monitoring Report August ISSUE 7