POWELL BOULEVARD ROAD SAFETY AUDIT

Transcription

1 Oregn Department f Transprtatin POWELL BOULEVARD ROAD SAFETY AUDIT 20th Avenue t 33rd Avenue September 2014 Prepared fr: ODOT Regin 1 Traffic 123 NW Flanders Prtland, OR Prepared by: Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 610 SW Alder, Suite 700 Prtland, OR MOVINGFORWARDTHINKING TM

2 Rad Safety Audit Reprt Pwell Bulevard Rad Safety Audit (RSA) 20 th Avenue t 33 rd Avenue Mile Pint (M.P.) 1.76 t 2.49 Prepared Fr: Oregn Department f Transprtatin ODOT Regin 1 Traffic 123 NW Flanders Prtland, OR (503) Prepared By: Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 610 SW Alder, Suite 700 Prtland, OR (503) Prject Manager: Prject Analyst: Prject Principal: Hermanus Steyn, Pr. Eng., P.E. Ashleigh Griffin, E.I.T. Brian L. Ray, P.E. KAI Prject Number: September 2014

3 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROTECTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE 23 UNITED STATES CODE SECTION 409 AS FOLLOWS: Title 23 U.S.C. 409 Discvery and admissin as evidence f certain reprts and surveys Ntwithstanding any ther prvisin f law, reprts, surveys, schedules, lists, r data cmpiled r cllected fr the purpse f identifying, evaluating, r planning the safety enhancement f ptential accident sites, hazardus radway cnditins, r railway-highway crssings, pursuant t sectins 130, 144, and 148 f this title r fr the purpse f develping any highway safety cnstructin imprvement prject which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid highway funds shall nt be subject t discvery r admitted int evidence in a Federal r State curt prceeding r cnsidered fr ther purpses in any actin fr damages arising frm any ccurrence at a lcatin mentined r addressed in such reprts, surveys, schedules, lists, r data. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. ii

4 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Technical Summary PROJECT TITLE: Pwell Bulevard Rad Safety Audit (RSA): MP 1.76 t 2.49 DATE: June 3-6, 2014 RSA TEAM AND PARTICIPANTS: Hermanus Steyn, Pr. Eng., PE, Principal Engineer, Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. Jel McCarrll, PE, ODOT Regin 4 Traffic Manager Mike Cleman, PE, Prt f Prtland Jabra Khash, PE, City f Beavertn Nate Yung, Citizen Panelist, Hpwrks Ashleigh Griffin, Transprtatin Analyst, Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 1

5 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 RSA RESOURCES Grant O'Cnnell, TriMet Sgt. Tdd Davis, Prtland Plice Bureau ( ) Andrew (Andy) Sullivan, Prtland Bureau f Transprtatin Jamie Jeffrey, PE, Prtland Bureau f Transprtatin April Bertelsen, Prtland Bureau f Transprtatin Wendy Cawley, Prtland Bureau f Transprtatin Kate Freitag, PE, Oregn Department f Transprtatin Jennifer Miles, Oregn Department f Transprtatin PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS: Audit Type: Descriptin Land Use Develpment Prpsal: Units f Measure: Adjacent Land Use: Psted Speed (US in miles-per-hur [mph]): Oppsite Flw Separatin: Service Functin: Highway Number Rute Number Functinal Classificatin Oregn Highway Plan (OHP) Designatin Planning Stage N U.S. Urban 35 mph Tw-way, left-turn lane Prject Characteristic 26 US 26 Urban Principal Arterial Statewide Highway Terrain: Slight grade with steep sectin between 26 th Ave- 28 th Pl Climatic Cnditins - Temperature: Climatic Cnditins - Precipitatin: Mild winter (rain with sme freezing, icing pssible), warm summer (spradic ht days) Rain during winter mnths BACKGROUND The study crridr is Pwell Bulevard frm apprximately MP 1.76 t MP Exhibit 1 illustrates the lcatin and apprximate extent f the study crridr. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 2

6 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit 1 Vicinity Map f Pwell Bulevard Study Segment in Prtland, Oregn Crridr Characteristics KAI btained reprted crash data frm Oregn Department f Transprtatin s (ODOT) nline crash database fr a perid frm January 2008 thrugh September All graphs and/r reference t number f reprted crashes reflect the data in the study area fr the specific timeframe. The characteristics and crash trends bserved within each study segment are summarized in the fllwing sectins. ODOT crash reprts d nt represent all incidents alng these segments because crash reprts are nt cmpleted fr every crash. Oregn law requires drivers t cmplete a crash reprt when damages exceed $1,500. Table 1 shws the study crridr has an average crash rate higher than bth the statewide average fr urban nn-freeway principal arterials as well as a similar segment alng a different sectin f Pwell Bulevard. Appendix A includes a cpy f the Pwell Bulevard RSA Findings Presentatin, which includes a summary f crash histry and histric vlumes. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 3

7 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Table 1 Crash Rate Cmparisns Segment 5-Year Average Crash Rate (Crashes per Millin Vehicle Miles) Study Segment Vicinity MP 1.61 t MP 2.91 (SE 39 th Ave) Similar Segment MP 2.91 (SE 39 th Ave) t MP 3.45 (Fster Rd) Statewide Urban Nn-Freeway Principal Arterials Surce: ODOT Crash Rate Bk RSA PROCESS The purpse f the RSA is t identify ptential issues cntributing t crashes and suggest treatments fr addressing thse issues. The majrity f the suggestins prvided are engineering treatments; hwever, where apprpriate, the RSA Team identified pprtunities fr public educatin and enfrcement campaigns, which tend t be mre effective at influencing certain types f driver behavir (e.g., aggressive driving). The RSA Team initiated wrk n Tuesday, June 3, 2014 with a kick-ff meeting at ODOT Regin 1 ffices in Prtland, Oregn. The meeting was attended by: The RSA Audit Team; Kate Freitag, Jennifer Miles, Shelli Rmer, Rich Watanabe, Bb Walker, Kate Riley, Sue D Agnese, and Nate Sctt frm ODOT; and, Wendy Cawley, Jamie Jeffrey, and April Bertelsen frm Prtland Bureau f Transprtatin (PBOT). Discussins at the kick-ff meeting included the fllwing tpics: Backgrund n the 20 s Bikeway Plan and tw preferred alternatives fr the crssing f Pwell Bulevard; Specific lcatins thrughut the crridr: Pedestrian vlumes are likely higher at the crssing at 24 th Avenue utside f the typical PM peak hurs; The TriMet Rute 9 line is heavily used, and TriMet recently enhanced service alng this rute; Light industrial uses are lcated suth f Pwell Bulevard (including the Fred Meyer headquarters), resulting in truck travel in the area; Divisin Street t the nrth is underging a rad diet, which may impact current travel patterns; TriMet has cnsidered enhancing the westbund bus stp at 28 th Place t create a pedestrian plaza; Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 4

8 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 McDnald s will be clsing a driveway as part f their site redevelpment; and, The crsswalk at 31 st Avenue experiences a different pedestrian peak. A summary f ptential funding pprtunities fr these imprvements: Highway Safety Funds (2016) and STIP Enhance Funds. The team met thrughut the week f June 3, 2014 at ODOT s Barlw ffice at 92 nd Avenue and Pwell Bulevard in Prtland. The RSA Team schedule is summarized belw: Tuesday (Day 1) Mrning Pre-Audit/Kick-ff meeting with RSA team, ODOT, PBOT, and Stakehlders Prject Start-up meeting with RSA team Afternn and evening Wednesday (Day 2) Field visit t bserve rad user behavir and rad characteristics during the afternn hurs (when schl releases) and the PM peak hurs Evening field visit t bserve rad characteristics and user behavir after dark Mrning field wrk during mrning cmmute and schl arrival perid Review f supprting data (crash data, vlumes, etc.) Discuss RSA team bservatins and issues Thursday (Day 3) Priritize issues bserved Brainstrm mitigatins Dcument findings and preliminary suggestins Friday (Day 4) Presentatin f preliminary findings SUMMARY OF SAFETY ISSUES The RSA Team identified and categrized system-wide and lcatin-specific safety issues based n a qualitative risk scale. Fr the purpses f this RSA, risk is defined as a functin f expsure, prbability, and cnsequence. Expsure reflects the number f vehicles that culd be influenced by the design feature. Prbability reflects the likelihd f a crash influenced by the identified design feature. The cnsequence reflects the severity f a crash, if ne ccurs. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 5

9 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The qualitative risk rating f safety issues identified alng Pwell Bulevard within the study segments are assigned relative t all ther issues bserved. Categry III issues have ptentially the greatest risk cmpared t the ther bserved issues; they are assciated with higher expsure, prbability, and/r cnsequence than ther issues. Categry II issues indicate higher risk than sme issues and lwer risk relative t ther bserved safety issues. Categry I issues indicate the least risk cmpared t the ther bserved issues; they are assciated with lwer expsure, prbability, and/r cnsequence. The RSA Team identified the fllwing issues as Categry III: Unpredictable yielding at pedestrian crssings Lack f prtectin fr bicycle crssings The RSA Team identified the fllwing issues as Categry II: Cngestin and assciated traffic signal queuing Permissive phasing and traffic signal cnflicts The RSA Team identified the fllwing issues as Categry I: Number f access pints and types f land uses Within the crridr, we reviewed individual lcatins and rated the lcatins based n the issues listed abve at each lcatin. The RSA Team identified the fllwing lcatins as Categry III: Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/31 st Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/28 th Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/28 th Place intersectin safety issues The RSA Team identified the fllwing lcatins as Categry II: Pwell Bulevard/24 th Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/33 rd Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/29 th Avenue intersectin safety issues The RSA Team identified the fllwing issues as Categry I: Pwell Bulevard/20 th Avenue intersectin safety issues Pwell Bulevard/22 nd Avenue intersectin safety issues The qualitative rating f risk given t each bserved safety issue and lcatin is dcumented in further sectins. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 6

10 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Rad Safety Audit Findings The RSA findings are rganized int general segment-wide safety issues and safety issues by intersectin between MP 1.76 and ) GENERAL STUDY-AREA SAFETY ISSUES Issue: Unpredictable Yielding at Pedestrian Crssings As shwn in Exhibit 2, rear-end crashes were the mst cmmn cllisin types reprted thrughut the study crridr, accunting fr 71 percent f reprted crashes alng the study segment. Exhibit 2 shws many f these crashes invlved a pedestrian. This indicates a pedestrian stepping int the radway r int the crsswalk may have cntributed t a rear-end crash. In additin, 16 pedestrians have been directly invlved in crashes alng the crridr. Exhibit 3 shws the lcatin f the pedestrian invlved r pedestrian injured crashes thrughut the crridr. This exhibit reveals the majrity f pedestrian invlved r injured crashes ccurred between MP and between MP , which crrespnd t the unmarked and marked crssings at 28 th Avenue and 28 th Place, as well as the marked crssing at 31 st Avenue. Number f Reprted Crashes Pedestrian Invlved Pedestrian Crash Bike Crash N Ped r Bike Invlved 2 50 Angle Backing Fixed r Other Object Nn-Cllisin Pedestrian Rear-end Sideswipe- Overtaking Turning Mvement Exhibit 2 Crash Frequency by Cllisin Type (Pwell Bulevard MP ) Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 7

11 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Number f Reprted Crashes th Ave (MP 1.97) Exhibit 3 Lcatins f Crashes Invlving Pedestrians (Invlved r Injured) 28th Ave (MP 2.17) 5 28th Pl (MP 2.22) Milepst (0.05 Increments) 31st Ave (MP 2.37) FATAL INJA INJB INJC NONE Field review revealed drivers ften d nt see the pedestrian stepping int the crsswalk. Several times during field bservatins, the RSA team witnessed situatins in which ne driver yielded t the pedestrian but the secnd same-directin appraching driver failed t see the pedestrian and yield. In additin, subsequent appraching drivers ften failed t understand why the first vehicle was stpped. The RSA team identified the fllwing issues cntributing t pedestrian-invlved and pedestrianinjured crashes: Lcatin f pedestrian crssings Sign visibility Several pedestrian crssings were lcated dwnstream frm transit stps, as shwn in Exhibit 4. This placement results in a stpped bus at the transit stp smetimes blcking a driver s view f a crssing pedestrian. The visibility and reflectivity f signs, including pedestrian crssing signs, was restricted by street trees, as shwn in Exhibit 5 and Exhibit 6. The tree canpies extend belw the signs further restricting visibility f the signs. The limited visibility f signs may cntribute t subsequent appraching drivers failing t see regulatry and/r warning signs and yield t the pedestrian. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 8

12 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Sight lines Sight lines between drivers and pedestrians are ften restricted thrughut the crridr by buildings, trees, and radway curvature, as shwn in Exhibit 7 and Exhibit 8. The trees have wide trunks and undergrwth reducing visibility frm the radway t the sidewalk and crssing lcatins. Crssings at traffic signals Sme f the pedestrian invlved r injured crashes ccurred at traffic signals with marked crssings. The signals at 21 st Avenue and 33 rd Avenue have unprtected leftturn phases n all mvements. The signal at 26 th Avenue has unprtected side street left-turn phases. Exhibit 4 Transit Stp Lcated Befre Pedestrian Crssing Exhibit 5 Signs Blcked by Trees Exhibit 6 Signs with Limited Reflectivity Exhibit 7 Restricted Sight Distance fr Pedestrians Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 9

13 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit 8 Limited Sight Distance Due t Trees n Hrizntal Curve The qualitative risk rating f Unpredictability f Yielding at Pedestrian Crssings within the study segment, relative t all ther issues bserved, is presented in Table 2. Table 2 Qualitative Risk Rating f Unpredictability f Yielding at Pedestrian Crssing Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry III High number f pedestrians crssing Pwell Bulevard Prbability Categry III High number f pedestrian crashes r pedestrian-invlved crashes thrughut crridr Cnsequence Categry III Pedestrians are vulnerable users Overall III - System-Wide Suggestins fr Unpredictable Yielding at Pedestrian Crssings: Review bus stp lcatins relative t pedestrian crssings t determine if the stps lcated upstream frm the crssings can be relcated dwnstream f the crssings. Upgrade unsignalized crssings t enhanced crssings with pedestrian refuge islands, visible advanced warning signage, N Lane Change striping, and rapid rectangular flashing beacns (RRFB), as shwn in the cncept in Exhibit 9. Exhibit 10 shws an example f a RRFB at a pedestrian crssing. The median will allw a tw-staged crssing fr pedestrians. Cnsistent crssing designs culd be cnsidered thrughut the crridr (and similar radways beynd the study area) t prvide a cnsistent message fr driver alng the crridr. Prvide pedestrian-scale lighting in advance f each unsignalized pedestrian crssing t illuminate the pedestrian in the crsswalk as illustrated in Exhibit 11. The illuminatin f Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 10

14 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 the pedestrian frm this angle will cast light nt the pedestrian cmpared t lcating lights directly abve the crsswalk that des nt prvide light n the bdy f the pedestrian. Trim trees t prvide clear height t make visible signs t drivers. This includes trimming the tree canpy as well as undergrwth at the base f the tree. Cnsider a minimum tree trimming height f 12 feet (typical height f sign assembly) t allw fr visibility f all signs. Prvide signing and striping imprvements, which may include signs in Exhibit 12, t increase awareness f pedestrian crssings. Prvide a leading pedestrian phase at signalized intersectins t allw pedestrians t enter the intersectin (increasing their visibility) befre vehicles enter the intersectin. Expand pedestrian landing areas n the crners f Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue t discurage pedestrians (e.g., students at Cleveland High Schl) frm standing in the radway. Exhibit 9 Cncept f Enhanced Crssing (Shulder munted RRFB culd als be cnsidered apprximately 350 in advance f crssing, n a case-by-case basis.) Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 11

15 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit 10 Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacns (RRFBs) Exhibit 11 Example Lighting Placement at Pedestrian Crssing Exhibit 12 Signs frm MUTCD Issue: Cngestin and Assciated Traffic Signal Queuing As shwn in Exhibit 2, 71 percent f reprted crashes were rear-end crashes. While sme f these crashes were assciated with pedestrians, many were als assciated with cngestin thrughut the crridr. Queues frm traffic signals were bserved t back-up t and smetimes beynd the next upstream signal during bserved peak hurs, as shwn in Exhibit 13 and Exhibit 14. Visibility f signage (including infrmatin abut the appraching intersectin) was limited due t vegetatin and reflectivity as previusly discussed. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 12

16 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The signals cycle length als appeared t influence driver behavir alng the crridr. The cycle bserved at the signal at Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue during the afternn peak hur appeared t allw apprximately 30 secnds f green time, per cycle, t the east-west mvements n Pwell Bulevard. This cngestin and bserved cycle length appeared t lead t impatience amng drivers; the RSA team bserved drivers running the red lights at traffic signals t make it thrugh the signal during the cycle. This impatience and cycle length may als cntribute t the rear-end crashes alng the crridr as drivers start t prceed frward and then have t stp sner than they expect. Exhibit 13 Queues Extend Signal t Signal Exhibit 14 Queues at the Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue Signal The qualitative risk rating assciated with this safety issue, relative t ther issues bserved, is presented in Table 3. Table 3 Qualitative Risk Rating f Cngestin and Assciated Traffic Signal Queues Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry III High number f rear-ends in crridr (71% f all crashes) Prbability Categry II Likelihd f rear-end crashes is high Cnsequence Categry II Ptential fr injury, but speeds are lwer Overall II - System-Wide Suggestins fr Cngestin and Assciated Traffic Signal Queuing: Cnsider signal timing mdificatins: Cnsider reevaluating signal prgressin n Pwell Bulevard. Review the signal cycle lengths. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 13

17 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Cmplete tree trimming t increase visibility f signs and appraching signals. Cnsider supplemental signal heads at near left side crner, as illustrated in Exhibit 15. Review sign placement and visibility. Fr example, cnsider using the back side f cantilever fr the Next Signal sign fr the eastbund apprach t 26 th Avenue as illustrated in Exhibit 16. Exhibit 15 Ptential Lcatin fr Supplemental Signal Head at Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue Exhibit 16 Example f Using Cantilever fr Next Signal Sign at Eastbund Apprach t 26 th Avenue Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 14

18 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Issue: Permissive Phasing and Traffic Signal Cnflicts Exhibit 2 shws turning mvement crashes were the secnd mst cmmn cllisin type. Turning mvement crashes accunted fr 15 percent f reprted crashes. Tgether, turning mvement and angle crashes accunted fr 18 percent f reprted crashes. Exhibit 17 shws the lcatin f the turning mvement and angle crashes thrughut the crridr. The highest frequency f these crashes ccurred at the three signalized intersectins. Three f the five bicycle crashes reprted n the crridr were turning mvement r angle crashes and ccurred at the Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue intersectin. The traffic signals at Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue and Pwell Bulevard/33 rd Avenue have permitted left-turn phases n all appraches. The signal at Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue has prtected left-turn phases fr Pwell Bulevard and permitted left-turn mvements fr the 26 th Avenue appraches. With these permitted left-turn phases, drivers may be cncentrating n finding a gap in traffic t prceed thrugh the intersectin withut lking at crssing pedestrians wh may be in their path. The RSA team bserved sme drivers running red-lights after waiting thrugh a cycle and nt finding a gap in traffic. In additin, several crashes invlved vehicles turning frm unsignalized crss streets and/r driveways. These crashes ccurred at lcatins where sight distance was bstructed by buildings and hrizntal curvature f the radway. FATAL Number f Reprted Crashes INJA INJB INJC NONE Milepst Exhibit 17 Turning Mvement and Angle Crash Frequency by Milepst Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 15

19 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The qualitative risk rating assciated with this issue, relative t ther issues bserved, is presented in Table 4. Table 4 Qualitative Risk Rating f Permissive Phasing and Traffic Signal Cnflicts Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Prbability Cnsequence Categry II Categry II Categry III High number f crashes at key intersectins Relatively high likelihd f turning mvement crashes Angle and turning mvement crashes may be severe Overall II - System-Wide Suggestins fr Permissive Phasing and Traffic Signal Cnflicts: Cnsider prviding prtected r prtected/permitted left-turn phasing. Cnsider prviding a leading pedestrian phase at signals when using prtected/permitted left-turn phasing. Cnsider using the pedestrian functin with the flashing yellw arrw (FYA) signals that will nt allw a FYA t cme up when a pedestrian call is placed. Exhibit 18 illustrates the FYA signal head. Cnsider prhibiting right turns n red at lcatins with: A crash histry invlving right turning vehicles (21 st Avenue) and/r invlving pedestrians/bicyclists with right turning vehicles (26 th Avenue), and/r Limited sight distance (21 st Avenue) Exhibit 18 Flashing Yellw Arrw (FYA) Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 16

20 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Issue: Number f Access Pints and Types f Land Uses The study crridr is surrunded by a mixture f land uses including a high schl, residential areas, fast fd restaurants, a brewery, htel, and a bwling alley. There are many access pints fr these businesses alng the crridr. Sme parcels have multiple access pints nt Pwell Bulevard. Sme f these access pints verlap with pedestrian crssing medians, as illustrated in Exhibit 19. There is a tw-way, left-turn lane lcated thrughut the length f the study area. The RSA team bserved difficulty fr drivers making left-turns frm driveways and side streets due t limited sight distance (due t hrizntal curves, vertical curves, and buildings), as shwn in Exhibit 20, as well as the appraching grades n side streets. The crash histry revealed 13 f the 351 crashes alng the crridr ccurred at a driveway and/r alley. Hwever, the distractin f drivers caused by many access pints in cnjunctin with pedestrian crssings, pedestrians n the sidewalk, and bicycles n the sidewalk r radway, as illustrated in Exhibit 21, may cntribute t the rear-end crashes in the vicinity f the driveways. Exhibit 19 Example f Driveways Lcated Adjacent t Pedestrian Crssings Exhibit 20 Example f Limited Sight Distance frm Access Pint Exhibit 21 Example f Ptential Bicycle/Pedestrian/Vehicle Cnflict at Cmmercial Driveway Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 17

21 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The qualitative risk rating assciated with this issue, relative t all ther issues bserved, is presented in Table 5. Table 5 Qualitative Risk Rating f Number f Access Pints and Types f Land Uses Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry I The majrity f reprted crashes did nt invlve vehicles turning in r ut f driveways Prbability Cnsequence Categry I Categry II Relatively few crashes reprted with a driveway radway character Turning mvement and angle crashes at driveways have ptential fr injuries Overall I - System-wide Suggestins fr Number f Access Pints and Types f Land Uses: Althugh the data des nt shw a strng crrelatin between crashes and driveways within the study segment, future develpment and grwth in the area may impact safety and peratins at driveways. Cnsider develping an access management plan fr Pwell Bulevard (with emphasis between 29 th Avenue and 31 st Avenue) that may: Priritize fr access review thse lcatins with access pints verlapping with pedestrian refuge islands as candidates; and, Cnsider develping and implementing a plicy t cnslidate access pints upn redevelpment. Cnsider prviding zning guidance n access and building rientatin fr the prperties alng the crridr. Issue: Lack f Prtectin fr Bicycle Crssings There were five reprted crashes invlving a bicyclist between January 2008 and September Of these crashes, ne was a rear-end, tw were turning-mvement crashes, and tw were angle crashes. One ccurred near the Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue intersectin and fur ccurred at the Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue intersectin; 26 th Avenue has three-ft-wide striped bicycle lanes and bike bxes in the nrthbund and suthbund directins. The majrity f bike crashes invlved bicyclists traveling thrugh the intersectin (nrth r suth) and a vehicle making a turning mvement. Pwell Bulevard has limited right-f-way available fr prviding bicycle facilities, and few bicyclists were bserved riding east-west alng Pwell Bulevard; sme rde n the sidewalks t get t their destinatins n Pwell Bulevard frm the nrth-suth bike rutes. Bicyclists must crss Pwell Bulevard while traveling nrth-suth in the area. While bicyclists were bserved crssing at signalized intersectins, sme used the unsignalized pedestrian crssings due t their rigin-destinatin rutes (shrtest paths) that have limited prtectin. Exhibit 22 shws Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 18

22 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 an example f bicyclists crssing Pwell Bulevard at 21 st Avenue. Lcatin-specific treatments will be discussed in the next sectin f the reprt; this Issue summarizes general treatments that can be cnsidered fr bike crssings f Pwell Bulevard within the study area. Exhibit 22 Example f Bicyclists Crssing the Intersectin f Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue The qualitative risk rating assciated with this issue, relative t all ther issues bserved, is presented in Table 6. Table 6 Qualitative Risk Rating f Lack f Prtectin fr Bike Crssings Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry II Cyclists bserved crssing Pwell Bulevard Prbability Categry III Cyclists are crssing at signals r unsignalized crssings. The signals ften have permissive left-turn mvements with thrugh bicycle heavy traffic Cnsequence Categry III Bicyclists are vulnerable users, with the ptential fr higher crash severity Overall Categry III - System-wide Suggestins fr Lack fr Prtectin fr Bike Crssings: Install bike bxes at signalized intersectins, as shwn in Exhibit 23. Use bike detectin at signalized intersectins. This culd be designed t have an indicatr infrming bicyclists when they are detected. Cnsider installing bike lanes n crss-streets heavily traveled by bicyclists (21 st Avenue, 26 th Avenue (wider), and 33 rd Avenue). In sme situatins, it may be apprpriate t add bike lanes at the intersectin appraches t lead the bicyclists t the new bike bxes and/r bike detectin. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 19

23 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Cnsider installing sharrws n lwer vlume, lwer speed streets t infrm drivers t share the lane with bicyclists and/r infrm cyclists f a ptential bike rute. Exhibit 24 illustrates the lane marking fr sharrws. Exhibit 23 Example f a Bike Bx at Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue Exhibit 24 Sharrws Marking Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 20

24 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t ) INTERSECTION SAFETY ISSUES Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 20 th Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/20th Avenue intersectin has a center median separating the eastbund and westbund traffic. Side streets are restricted t right-in, right-ut mvements, as illustrated in Exhibit 25. The nrthbund apprach has limited sight distance t the west, as shwn in Exhibit 26. The nrthbund and suthbund appraches lack ne-way signing and right-turn nly pavement markings t infrm drivers f the allwed mvements, as illustrated in Exhibit 27 and Exhibit th Ave Exhibit 25 Intersectin Illustratin Exhibit 26 Illustratin f Limited Sight Distance (Nrthbund Apprach) t the West Exhibit 27 Marking Lack f Right Turn Only Pavement Exhibit 28 Lack f One Way Signage Directly in Frnt f Apprach Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 21

25 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the intersectin f Pwell Bulevard/20 th Avenue, relative t the issues bserved at ther intersectins, is presented in Table 7. Table 7 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/20 th Avenue Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry I Lw number f crashes at intersectin, relative t thers Prbability Categry I Lw right turn vlume Cnsequence Categry II Vehicles can be traveling at higher speeds n the ends f the crridr, leaving t mre severe turning mvement crashes Overall I - Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/20th Avenue: Add right-turn arrw pavement markings n the nrthbund and suthbund appraches; and, Add ne-way signage fr the nrthbund and suthbund appraches. Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 21 st Avenue Pwell Bulevard/21st Avenue is a signalized intersectin with a predminant suthbund left turn mvement and relatively high bicycle vlumes traveling nrthbund and suthbund during the cmmute hurs. There are relatively high pedestrian crssing vlumes. The suthbund leftturning vehicles cnflict with bicycle and pedestrian crssings. The visibility f the crsswalk delineatin (at this signal) was limited due t pavement wear. 21 st Avenue has single lane appraches and lacks bicycle lanes, as shwn in Exhibit 29. Dented signal ples, as shwn in Exhibit 30, reveal vehicles that are likely trucks that have struck the ples while making turning maneuvers. The signal has permitted left-turn phases and field bservatins revealed drivers having difficulty finding a gap, as well as lking fr pedestrians in the crsswalk t make a left turn frm Pwell Bulevard. In additin, the suthbund and/r nrthbund left-turns blck sight distances fr ncming traffic, which als makes it difficult t find a gap. Althugh there are bicycle detectin symbls in the pavement n the nrth and suth appraches, the RSA team culd nt determine whether the bicyclists triggered the signal every time. Crash data revealed a high number f turning mvement crashes ccurred at this intersectin, with many f thse invlving eastbund left-turning vehicles. Several pedestrian crashes ccurred with turning vehicles. In additin, several crashes were nrthbund right-turning vehicles clliding with eastbund thrugh vehicles, ptentially due t limited sight distance and right-turns n red. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 22

26 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit 29 Bicyclists Sharing the Lane with Vehicles n 21 st Avenue at Pwell Bulevard Exhibit 30 Example f Dented Ple The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue intersectin, relative t the issues bserved at ther intersectins, is presented in Table 8. Table 8 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Prbability Cnsequence Categry III Categry II Categry III High number f crashes, relative t ther intersectins in study High number f turning mvement crashes which suggestins may address Crash histry shws high severity at the intersectin Overall III - Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/21st Avenue: Restripe the nrth- and suth-bund appraches t include left-turn lanes, as illustrated in Exhibit 31. Remve sme parking n 21 st Avenue t accmmdate the turn lanes. Investigate the feasibility f allwing right-turns n red with shared thrugh/right lane clser t curb. The existing sight distance is restricted at this intersectin due t building lcatins and the intersectin angle. The additin f a left-turn lane may further restrict the sight distance by requiring the shared thrugh/right lane see pass the left-turn queue. Right-turns n red shuld nt be permitted withut adequate sight distance. The turning radius fr right-turn mvements shuld als be evaluated t ensure sufficient space t cmplete a right-turn maneuver frm the lane clser t the curb (cmpared with existing turning maneuver). Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 23

27 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Prvide prtected r prtected/permissive left-turn phasing fr all appraches. Signal phasing adjustments shuld include a capacity implicatin analysis during prject planning stages. Cnsider restricting rightturn nred fr the nrthbund apprach using signage, as illustrated in Exhibit 32. Install supplemental signal heads t increase awareness f appraching intersectin as discussed under the Cngestin and Assciated Traffic Signal Queuing sectin. Rebuild signal with mast arm street name signs t increase visibility. Cnsider placing signal ples t accmmdate truck mvements in the new design. Cnsider a queue detectin and warning system t detect queues n Pwell Bulevard assciated with 21 st Avenue signal. Exhibit 31 Cnceptual Design fr Pwell Bulevard/21 st Avenue Exhibit 32 MUTCD N Turn n Red Signs Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 24

28 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 22 nd Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/22nd Avenue intersectin is an ffset, unsignalized intersectin. The RSA team bserved angle parking n the east side f 22 nd Avenue (nrth f Pwell Bulevard) being used incrrectly, as illustrated in Exhibit 33. Vehicles park in a suthbund directin n the east side f the street rather than in a nrthbund directin, with the flw f traffic. Althugh this is uncnventinal, there appears n issue related t the existing parking cnfiguratin. The nrthbund stp bar is placed back frm the assumed crsswalk and appears t restrict sight distance. Exhibit 33 Example f Incrrectly-Used Angle Parking n 21 st Avenue, Nrth f Pwell Bulevard The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/22 nd Avenue intersectin, relative t the issues bserved at ther intersectins, is presented in Table 9. Table 9 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/22 nd Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Prbability Cnsequence Categry I Categry I Categry I Lwer side street vlumes and n pedestrian r bicycle crssing at this lcatin Relatively lwer number f crashes at this intersectin, cmpared t thers in crridr Reprted crashes at this lcatin were nt severe Overall I - Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/22 nd Avenue: Install a curb extensin n the Sutheast crner; and, Mve the stp bar n nrthbund apprach clser t intersectin t increase sight distance. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 25

29 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 24 th Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/24 th Avenue intersectin is a three-leg, unsignalized intersectin. It has a marked crsswalk n the east side f the intersectin cnnecting t the park n the suth side f Pwell Bulevard. The crsswalk was difficult t see at night due t the placement f lighting; as shwn in Exhibit 34. An eastbund bus stp lcated prir t the crsswalk restricts the line f sight between pedestrians and drivers when ccupied by a bus. The majrity f crashes at this intersectin are rear-end crashes. Tw f the crashes were pedestrian crashes. During the RSA field wrk, the intersectin was blcked by queues frm nearby signals during bth the AM and PM peak hurs, as shwn in Exhibit 35. Exhibit 34 Pedestrian Crssing is Dark at Night Exhibit 35 Queues blcking intersectins The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/24 th Avenue intersectin, relative t the issues bserved at ther intersectins, is presented in Table 10. Table 10 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/24 th Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry II Pedestrian crssing vlumes are lwer than ther crssings during peak hurs f the day Prbability Categry II Relatively high number f crashes Cnsequence Categry III Pedestrians are invlved (pssibly causing the rear-end crashes, but nt ften injured) in many f the crashes, and pedestrians are vulnerable users Overall II - Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 26

30 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/24 th Avenue: Cnsider adding an RRFB and pedestrian scale lighting in advance f the crsswalk, as shwn in Exhibit 36. Cnsider remving select tree(s) t increase visibility f crssing, signage, and pedestrians. Cnsider eliminating r relcating eastbund TriMet stp dwnstream f the crsswalk. The spacing between this stp and the next stp at 26 th Avenue shuld be cnsidered in the decisin. Exhibit 36 Cncept f Crssing Imprvements at Pwell Bulevard/24 th Avenue Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 26 th Avenue Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue is a signalized intersectin with relatively heavy nrth-suth bike and pedestrian crssing vlumes. The limited intersectin crss-sectin allws fr three-ft wide bike lanes in the nrth and suth directins. Cleveland High Schl is lcated nrtheast and Pwell City Park is lcated suthwest f the intersectin. A residential driveway is lcated n the sutheast crner f the intersectin. The faculty parking lt is lcated n the west side f 26 th Avenue, acrss frm the schl. The RSA team bserved midblck crssings between this parking lt and the schl, as shwn in Exhibit 37. The intersectin is a transfer pint between the east-west TriMet rutes alng Pwell Bulevard and the nrth-suth rutes alng 26 th Avenue. The RSA team bserved buses unlading a grup f students wh crssed the intersectin as a grup and were unable t fit n the sidewalks n the crner, as shwn in Exhibit 38. Students were bserved standing in the street. In additin, there is a Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 27

31 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 tree cnflicting with the westbund bus stp that prhibited students frm using the back dr t the bus n sme ccasins, as shwn in Exhibit 39. The intersectin crash histry shwed a cmbinatin f rear-end crashes and turning mvement crashes. Several crashes invlved pedestrians and bicyclists. Sme f the intersectin cnflicts may be assciated with the signal timing and signal cycle lengths. The RSA team bserved cycle lengths f apprximately 60 secnds during the afternn peak hurs that appear undesirable cmpared t similar crridrs within the metrplitan area. In additin, the team bserved vehicles running the red lights at the end f left-turn phases n the east-west mainline mvements, likely due t impatience assciated with the lng queues. Pwell has prtected left-turning mvements, but the side streets have permitted left-turn mvements. Trucks were bserved having difficulty making right-turns at the nrtheast and suthwest crners f the intersectin withut encraching n the curb and sidewalk, as shwn in Exhibit 40. When the curb is filled with students frm the TriMet buses, the trucks inability t make the turning mvement withut encraching n the curb presents cnflicts between pedestrians and trucks. In additin t the intersectin turning mvement cnflicts, the crash data indicates a trend tward rear-end crashes. We bserved that it was difficult t see the Next Signal infrmatinal signs, s drivers may be unaware f their lcatin relative t the signal r be unaware what intersectin they are appraching. Exhibit 37 Midblck Crssing Exhibit 38 Pedestrians Wait in the Street Exhibit 39 Cnflict between Bus Drp Off and Tree Exhibit 40 Tight Turn Radius Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 28

32 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue intersectin, is presented in Table 11. Table 11 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry III Busy intersectin fr all mdes Prbability Cnsequence Categry III Categry III Crash histry shwed high numbers f reprted crashes and cnflicts between mdes High number f vulnerable users at intersectin (pedestrians and bicyclists) Overall III - Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue: Review and cnsider mdifying signal timing: Review and cnsider lengthening cycle lengths; Cnsider prviding prtected/permissive phasing fr nrthbund and suthbund left-turn phases; and Cnsider using leading pedestrian intervals. Cnsider a queue jump fr eastbund buses. Cnsider installing a new signal, with the fllwing cnsideratins: Mdify the ple lcatins and curb radii t accmmdate turns; and, Expand pedestrian refuge area n crners. Cnsider wrking with Cleveland High Schl and Prtland Public Schls t create a pedestrian plaza in frnt f the high schl. Cnsider clsing residential driveway n the sutheast crner. Cnsider the fllwing tw ptins t accmmdate bikes crssing Pwell Bulevard: Widen bth sides by remving the landscape strip and mving the bus stp t accmmdate wider bike lanes n bth sides, as shwn in the cncept in Exhibit 41. Remve the bike lanes, as shwn by the cncept in Exhibit 42, and replace with a bike crssing further east n Pwell Bulevard. The eastern crssing ptins will be discussed in mre detail in the fllwing sectins f the reprt. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 29

33 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit 41 Cncept t Accmmdate Wider Bike Lanes n Bth Sides f 26 th Avenue Exhibit 42 Cncept t Remve Bike Lanes at Intersectin Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 30

34 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 31 st Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/31st Avenue intersectin is an unsignalized intersectin with a pedestrian crssing lcated n the east side f the intersectin. There is n pedestrian refuge median in the crssing. The high schl s athletic fields are lcated in the nrtheast crner f the intersectin, the bwling alley is lcated in the nrthwest crner f the intersectin, and a mtel is lcated suth f the intersectin. The mtel s exit-nly access pint frms the suthern leg f the intersectin, althugh the lack f pavement markings and standard signage makes it difficult fr drivers t determine it is an exit-nly driveway. Crash histry revealed that this lcatin had the highest number f reprted pedestrian r pedestrian invlved crashes, as shwn in Exhibit 43, despite a lwer number f pedestrians crssing during the peak hurs f the day. The intersectin had a trend f rear-end crashes. Due t surrunding land uses, the crssing vlume may be higher during ff-peak hurs and during schl athletic events cmpared t the peak hurs. Students were bserved using the crssing t access a fd cart during the lunch hur. The suthbund intersectin apprach has restricted sight distance t the east due t a lack f maintenance f vegetatin n the schl prperty crner and the apprach grade, as shwn in Exhibit 44. The nrthbund apprach (Mtel 6 driveway) has restricted sight distance caused by a fence in the suthwest crner f the intersectin, as shwn in Exhibit 45. The crsswalk was bserved t be difficult t see when appraching in the westbund directin because trees blcked the crsswalk signs. The team nted the crsswalk was particularly difficult t see during nighttime cnditins. The transit stps are als lcated prir t the crsswalks. The recrded bardings at these transit stps were relatively lw cmpared t thers in the crridr. In additin, there is a fd cart next t the mtel that may have led t sme pedestrian demand at this crssing. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 31

35 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Number f Reprted Crashes th Ave (MP 1.97) Exhibit 43 Lcatins f Crashes Invlving Pedestrians (Invlved r Injured) th Ave (MP 2.17) th Pl (MP 2.22) Milepst (0.05 Increments) st Ave (MP 2.37) FATAL INJA INJB INJC NONE Exhibit 44 Restricted Sight Distance t the East frm Suthbund Apprach Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 32

36 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit 45 Mtel 6 Driveway Cnflicts with Bicyclists The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/31 st Avenue intersectin, is presented in Table 12. Table 12 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/31 st Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Prbability Cnsequence Categry III Categry III Categry III Crsswalk was bserved t be used frequently and by schl students during lunch hurs High number f rear-end crashes invlving pedestrians Ptential t invlve injured pedestrians. One fatality ccurred near this lcatin Overall III - Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/31 st Avenue: Cnsider imprving pedestrian crssing, as shwn in the cncept in Exhibit 46, t include: Pedestrian refuge island; RRFB; N-lane change striping and advanced warning signs; and, Pedestrian-scale lighting, placed in advance f the crssing. Cnsider imprving signage and pavement markings at Mtel 6 exit-nly driveway. Cnsider remving the fence n nrthwest crner f Mtel 6 prperty t imprve sight distance. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 33

37 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Cnsider remving vegetatin in nrtheast crner f the intersectin t imprve sight distance. Cnsider making the suthbund apprach right-nly (due t new pedestrian refuge median as well as restricted sight distance). Exhibit 46 Cnceptual Intersectin Imprvements at Pwell Bulevard/31 st Avenue Lcatin: Pwell Bulevard & 33 rd Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/33rd Avenue intersectin is a signalized intersectin with single-lane side street appraches. As shwn in Exhibit 47, there are tw ZipCar parking spaces n the east side f the suth leg, at the intersectin in the lcatin where the sidewalk n the east side f the street ends befre reaching the intersectin, causing pedestrians t walk in the radway fr the shrt distance between the sidewalk and the intersectin. The signal has permitted left-turn phases fr all appraches. The RSA team bserved it was difficult t make left-turns frm Pwell Bulevard with the permitted phases. In additin, the cycle length was bserved t be relatively lng. Pedestrians were bserved t crss during the Dn t Walk time. Bicyclists were bserved using the pedestrian push buttn after waiting fr the signal t change, as illustrated in Exhibit 48. Althugh there was a bicycle detectin symbl in the pavement n the side street appraches, it was unclear if the detectr is functining. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 34

38 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Similar issues t thse seen at ther intersectins were als bserved here: Shrubs n the nrtheast crner blck sight distance fr drivers; Dented ples n the crners indicate difficulty making turns; and, Pedestrian signal heads are munted lw. Exhibit 47 ZipCar Parking Spaces at the Intersectin Exhibit 48 Bicyclists Using Pedestrian Push Buttns The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/33 rd Avenue intersectin, is presented in Table 13. Table 13 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/33 rd Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry II Lwer vlumes Prbability Categry II Relatively lw number f crashes Cnsequence Categry II Crash histry shws primarily PDOs and mderate/minr injuries Overall II - Suggestins fr Pwell Bulevard/33rd Avenue: Cnsider tree trimming t increase visibility f signs and sight distance t the intersectin. Cnsider relcating the ZipCars parking suth, cmpleting the sidewalk n the east side f 33 rd Avenue, and installing a bulb-ut at the sutheast crner, as illustrated by the cncept in Exhibit 49. The bulb-ut wuld prvide a buffer fr parked cars n 33 rd Avenue and shrten Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 35

39 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 the distance pedestrians are required t crss n 33 rd Avenue. The bulb-ut is preferred ver the left-turn lane because traffic vlumes n 33 rd Avenue are lw and pavement width n 33 rd Avenue (nrth f Pwell Bulevard) is limited. Review signal timing and cycle lengths: Cnsider pedestrian and bicyclist wait times; Cnsider prtected/permissive left-turn phasing frm the mainline; Cnsider prviding an indicatin f bicycle detectin t discurage impatience; Cnsider running the signal at 33 rd Avenue with half cycle cmpared t ther signals within the crridr due t pedestrian/bicyclists frustratin; and, Cnsider installing a new signal with mast arms. Ple placement will be a fcus t imprve awareness f the appraching intersectin as well as ensure adequate turning radii. Exhibit 49 Cnceptual Intersectin Cnfiguratin at Pwell Bulevard/33 rd Avenue Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 36

40 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Rad Segment: Pwell Bulevard frm 28th Avenue t 29th Avenue The fllwing sectin discusses the issues bserved at 28 th Avenue, 28 th Place, and 29 th Avenue. The suggestins fr these lcatins impact thse f the ther intersectins due t their prximity and the relatinship between pedestrian crssings, bike crssings, and transit stps. Issues fr each individual intersectin will be presented, but suggestins will be prvided after intrducing issues at each f the intersectins. Issues at Pwell Bulevard & 28 th Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/28th Avenue intersectin is a fur-leg unsignalized intersectin with a median restricting nrth-suth thrugh mvements and left-uts but allws left-ins. Cleveland High Schl is lcated n the nrthwest crner. The suthwest crner huses the Cathlic Charities building that includes a daycare center. Westbund drivers were bserved using the eastbund leftturn lane t access the daycare parking lt during the AM peak hurs. Other daycare drp-ffs used the westbund left-turn lane at 28 th Avenue and parked n 28 th Avenue. There is relatively high density residential husing lcated suth f Pwell Bulevard. A westbund TriMet stp, with a relatively large pedestrian plaza area, is lcated just east f 28 th Avenue, in frnt f the lcatin where pedestrians were bserved crssing Pwell Bulevard. Students were bserved walking frm the suth up 28 th Avenue t reach the high schl and crssing at the 28 th Avenue/Pwell Bulevard intersectin, despite the lack f a marked crssing (this is a legal crssing), as shwn in Exhibit 50 and Exhibit 51. Althugh the lack f a marked crssing des nt make the crssing illegal, crssings at 28 th Avenue are mre challenging than crssing at the marked crssings at 28 th Place r 26 th Avenue. Parents were als bserved drpping their students ff n 28 th Avenue, suth f Pwell Bulevard. The majrity f these students then crssed Pwell Bulevard at 28 th Avenue. Other peple were bserved crssing at the intersectin t catch westbund TriMet buses. These pedestrians exhibited risky behavirs because they were ften trying t crss Pwell Bulevard quickly by stepping int the radway t get vehicles t yield t reach the transit stp befre the bus arrived. The crash histry shwed a trend f rear-end crashes at this lcatin. Exhibit 43 shws that at least 14 reprted crashes were pedestrian crashes r invlved pedestrians. In additin t the pedestrian crssings the intersectin, queues frm the signal at 26 th Avenue were bserved extending past the intersectin. Queues in the left-turn pckets at the intersectin were als nted t restrict sight distance, due t the vertical curvature f the radway. The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the intersectin f Pwell Bulevard/28 th Avenue, is presented in Table 14. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 37

41 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Table 14 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/28 th Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry III High vlume f pedestrians crss at this lcatin t access schl and transit stp Prbability Categry III Crash histry shws a high number f pedestrian-invlved and rear-end crashes at this lcatin Cnsequence Categry III Bicyclists and pedestrians are vulnerable users Overall III - Exhibit 50 Bulevard Students Crssing Pwell Exhibit 51 Students Crssing Pwell Bulevard while Vehicle Turns Left Issues at Pwell Bulevard & 28 th Place The Pwell Bulevard/ 28th Place intersectin is a three-leg unsignalized intersectin with a marked pedestrian crssing lcated n the east side f the intersectin. The pedestrian crssing has a pedestrian refuge island. A McDnald s restaurant is lcated nrtheast f the intersectin, and a Wendy s restaurant is lcated in the sutheast crner f the intersectin. The McDnald s restaurant is in the prcess f develping an updated site plan that includes changes t existing driveways. Queues frm the nearby eastbund and westbund bus stps were bserved t blck the crsswalk at times. In additin, westbund queues frm the 26 th Avenue signal were bserved t back up t the intersectin during sme peak times f the day. Traffic cunts and field bservatins shwed the pedestrian crssing is heavily used at this lcatin. Crash data shwed a trend f rear-end crashes, including several pedestrian crashes at this lcatin. Sme reprted rear-end crashes invlved pedestrians, althugh they were nt pedestrian crashes. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 38

42 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/28 th Place intersectin, is presented in Table 15. Table 15 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/28 th Place Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry III High number f pedestrians crssing here Prbability Categry III High number f crashes ccurred at this lcatin Cnsequence Categry III Crash histry shws injury crashes Overall III - Issues at Pwell Bulevard & 29 th Avenue The Pwell Bulevard/29th Avenue intersectin is an unsignalized intersectin serving Hpwrks Urban Brewery n the suth side f Pwell Bulevard and cnnects with residential areas nrth f Pwell Bulevard. Therefre, retaining left-turning mvements frm Pwell Bulevard nt 29 th Avenue is imprtant at this lcatin. There are n special pedestrian crssing treatments. The nrtheast crner cntains a mixture f cmmercial uses, including a bwling alley. With the exceptin f the frntage f Hpwrks Urban Brewery, bth sides f Pwell Bulevard have driveways. Crash data did nt shw a high number f reprted crashes at driveways. The different land uses within the area (cmmercial, restaurants, bwling alley, bars) create an interactin amng ne anther, encuraging pedestrian crssings in the area. The qualitative risk rating assciated with the safety issues at the Pwell Bulevard/29 th Avenue intersectin, is presented in Table 16. Table 16 Qualitative Risk Rating f Safety Issues at Pwell Bulevard/29 th Avenue Intersectin Functin Classificatin Reasning Expsure Categry I Vehicle turning mvements at the intersectin are lw, and pedestrian crssing vlumes are lwer than marked crssings Prbability Categry I Relatively lw crash histry Cnsequence Categry III Ptential fr severe crashes with pedestrians Overall II - Suggestins fr 28 th Avenue, 28 th Place, and 29 th Avenue The issues summarized at 28 th Avenue, 28 th Place, and 29 th Avenue are related. This sectin presents suggestins fr these three intersectins. As the previus sectins summarized, there is currently a marked pedestrian crssing at 28 th Place, but pedestrians als use the median at 28 th Avenue t crss Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 39

43 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 t reach the schl r transit stp. Because pedestrians crss at this lcatin, adding a marked crssing at 28 th Avenue shuld be cnsidered. The lcatin f transit stps needs t be included in the crssing evaluatin, because crssing lcatins need t be cnsidered relative t transit stps. In additin, if bike lanes are remved frm 26 th Avenue as presented as an ptin with the 26 th Avenue suggestins, a bicycle crssing will need t be cnsidered further east f 26 th Avenue. The RSA Team cnsidered a variety f ptins befre arriving at tw suggestins fr this sectin f the crridr. The tw ptins presented reflect thse that the RSA team felt wuld best address the issues f varius users in this sectin. Sme f the ptins cnsidered were nt suggested due t cncerns abut bicyclist expectatins, cnfusin, and cnflicts with radway mvements. The 20 s Bikeway prject suggested an ptin f creating a suthbund bicycle lane n 26 th Avenue in cnjunctin with a bicycle bulevard n 28 th Avenue (functining as a bicycle cuplet with 26 th Avenue suthbund and 28 th Avenue nrthbund). This was nt included in the recmmendatins fr several reasns: The team discussed that bicyclists are unlikely t take a different rute nrthbund and suthbund when vehicles travel bth directins n bth radways and 28 th Avenue prvides an ptin fr bicyclists t travel bth directins n the same rute. The fllwing tw ptins are presented as the tw suggestins fr this sectin f the crridr. Specific elements f each ptin are discussed in mre detail belw. Optin #1: New Traffic Signal at 28 th Place Optin #1 is summarized in Exhibit 52, which includes a new traffic signal at 28 th Place. This ptin allws fr mre cnsistent signal spacing alng Pwel Bulevard within the study area. Exhibit 52 Crridr Optin #1 Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 40

44 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Optin #1 includes the fllwing key elements at each intersectin: 28 th Avenue: Cnsider prviding a Z crssing t allw pedestrians t crss in tw stages facing ncming traffic, as illustrated in Exhibit 53. N RRFB is suggested fr the pedestrian crssing at 28 th Avenue due t its prximity t the tw upstream signals. Cnsider remving the westbund left-turn pcket t enhance the median fr pedestrians and signage. This alternative will need t cnsider traffic patterns and access t the Cathlic Charities building and residential areas. Reevaluate the westbund transit stp at 28 th Avenue with the new pedestrian crssing lcatins t determine if it shuld be relcated r remved. Cnsider partnering with the schl r lcal businesses fr educatin n pedestrian safety campaigns. Exhibit 53 Cnceptual Cnfiguratin f 28 th Ave Crssing under Optin #1 Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 41

45 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t th Place: Cnsider installing a traffic signal at 28 th Place. This signal wuld be designed t enhance the existing marked pedestrian crssing and t accmmdate bicycle crssings and cnnect with a larger nrth-suth bicycle crridr. The signal design wuld need t cnsider hw t cnnect bicyclists with the nrth-suth bicycle rute currently planned fr 28 th Avenue befre and after the crssing at Pwell Bulevard. This signal wuld need t be crdinated with the existing signal at 26 th Avenue due t the clse prximity. Review McDnald s site plan and crdinate with them with the intent t rient entries twards the new crssing, r use signage t direct peple t the crssing. Review transit stp lcatins and spacing with respect t the pedestrian crssing lcatins t determine if any stps culd be clsed r relcated. Exhibit 54 illustrates tw ptential ptins with mdificatins t McDnald s site plan: The sketch n the left shws incrprating the driveway int the signal and prvides clearly marked bicycle crssings within the signalized intersectin. The bike rute can be diverted back t 28 th Avenue and/r access t the neighbrhd t the nrth. The sketch n the rights eliminates McDnald s access n Pwell Bulevard and rerutes exiting mtrists via Waverleigh Bulevard and 29 th Avenue. The furth and nrthern leg f this intersectin will prvide access t the bike rute. Exhibit 54 Cnceptual McDnalds Site Plan Mdificatins Within Optin #1 Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 42

46 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t th Avenue: Cnsider cmbining access pints n the nrth side f Pwell Bulevard r develping an access management plan with instructins fr cnslidatin upn redevelpment. Cnsider adding a buffered landscape strip r bike racks n the nrth and suth sides f Pwell Bulevard (as Hpwrks Urban Brewery has dne n the suth side) t discurage pedestrians frm crssing midblck. Crridr Optin #2: Traffic Signal at 28th Avenue Optin #2 includes a new traffic signal at 28 th Avenue, as illustrated in Exhibit 55. This ptin will have tw clsely spaced signalized intersectins. Exhibit 55 Crridr Optin #2 Optin #2 includes the fllwing key elements at each intersectin: 28 th Avenue: Cnsider adding a traffic signal that allws thrugh mvements fr bicyclists while restricting vehicle traffic t right-in/right-ut n the side streets, as shwn in the cncept in Exhibit 56. This ptin may cnsider bicycle detectin (with indicatin f detectin t bicyclists) at the signal. The signal wuld need t be crdinated with the signal at 26 th Avenue due t clse prximity, as well as prgressin alng the crridr. Impacts t traffic patterns assciated with destinatins alng 28 th Avenue, including the Cathlic Charities building, wuld need t be evaluated under this ptin. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 43

47 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Exhibit th Ave Traffic Signal Allwing Pedestrian and Bike Crssings and Right-turns Only 28 th Place: 29 th Avenue: Cnsider clsing the pedestrian crssing at 28 th Place and relcating it t 29 th Avenue t prvide better spacing between pedestrian crssings thrughut the crridr. The existing crssing lcatin is t clse t the new signal at 28 th Avenue t be kept and enhanced with a RRFB due t vehicle queues extending thrugh the crsswalk, cnfusin t drivers, and a ptential increase in westbund left-turning vehicles at 28 th Place due t the restrictin at 28 th Avenue. Review McDnald s site plan and crdinate with them the intent t rient entries twards new crssing, r use signage t direct peple t the crssing. Review transit stp lcatins and spacing with respect t the pedestrian crssing lcatins t determine if any stps culd be clsed r relcated. Cnsider installing an enhanced crssing, as shwn in the cncept in Exhibit 57. This crssing is needed t replace the existing ne at 28 th Place t prvide adequate spacing between pedestrian crssings t encurage pedestrians t use the marked crssings. Because a center median wuld restrict eastbund left-turn mvements, an verhead RRFB may be needed in place f ne in the center median. The ther elements f an enhanced crssing specified in the crridr-wide suggestins shuld als be cnsidered at this lcatin. A review f transit stp lcatins shuld als accmpany a new pedestrian crssing at 29 th Avenue. Cnsider cmbining access pints n the nrth side f Pwell Bulevard r develping an access management plan with instructins fr cnslidatin upn redevelpment. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 44

48 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Cnsider adding a buffered landscape strip r bike racks n the nrth and suth sides f Pwell Bulevard (as Hpwrks Urban Brewery has dne n the suth side) t discurage pedestrians frm crssing midblck. Exhibit 57 Ptential Intersectin Imprvements at 29 th Avenue under Optin #2 Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 45

49 Rad Safety Audit Reprt September 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS The table belw indexes all issues identified during the RSA. This table is frmatted t allw ODOT t prvide a respnse t each safety issue. The first three clumns f this table are cnsistent with the RSA reprt. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 46

50 Rad Safety Audit Reprt August 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Lcatin Issue Suggestin Agency Respnse/Cmment Review bus stp lcatins relative t pedestrian crssings Study Crridr Unpredictable Yielding at Pedestrian Crssings Cngestin and Assciated Traffic Signal Queuing Permissive Phasing and Traffic Signal Cnflicts Number f Access Pints and Types f Land Uses Lack f Prtectin fr Bicycle Crssings Upgrade unsignalized crssings t enhanced crssings with pedestrian refuge islands, visible advanced warning signage, N Lane Change striping, and rapid rectangular flashing beacns (RRFB). Use a cnsistent crssing design thrughut the crridr. Prvide pedestrian-scale lighting in advance f each unsignalized pedestrian crssing t illuminate the pedestrian in the crsswalk Trim trees t prvide clear height t make visible signs t drivers Prvide signing and striping imprvements t increase awareness f pedestrian crssings Prvide a leading pedestrian phase at signalized intersectins Expand pedestrian landing areas n the crners f Pwell Bulevard/26 th Avenue Cnsider signal timing mdificatins Cnsider reevaluating signal prgressin n Pwell Bulevard Review the signal cycle lengths Cmplete tree trimming t increase visibility f signs and appraching signals Cnsider supplemental signal heads at near left side crner Review sign placement and visibility Cnsider prviding prtected r prtected/permitted left-turn phasing Cnsider prviding a leading pedestrian phase at signals when using prtected/permitted left-turn phasing Cnsider using the pedestrian functin with the flashing yellw arrw (FYA) signals that will nt allw a FYA t cme up when a pedestrian call is placed Cnsider prhibiting right turns n red at lcatins with A crash histry invlving right turning vehicles (21 st Avenue) and/r invlving pedestrians/bicyclists with right turning vehicles (26 th Avenue), and/r Limited sight distance (21 st Avenue) Cnsider develping an access management plan fr Pwell Bulevard (with emphasis between 29 th Avenue and 31 st Avenue) that may Priritize fr access review thse lcatins with access pints verlapping with pedestrian refuge islands as candidates Cnsider develping and implementing a plicy t cnslidate access pints upn redevelpment Cnsider prviding zning guidance n access and building rientatin fr the prperties alng the crridr Install bike bxes at signalized intersectins Use bike detectin at signalized intersectins; this culd be designed t have an indicatr infrming bicyclists when they are detected Cnsider installing bike lanes n crss-streets heavily traveled by bicyclists (21 st Avenue, 26 th Avenue (wider), 33 rd Avenue) Cnsider installing sharrws n lwer vlume, lwer speed streets t infrm drivers t share the lane with bicyclists and/r infrm cyclists f a ptential bike rute Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 47

51 Rad Safety Audit Reprt August 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Lcatin Intersectin Suggestin Agency Respnse/Cmment Pwell Bulevard Add right-turn arrw pavement markings n the nrthbund and suthbund appraches. & 20th Avenue Add One Way signage fr the nrthbund and suthbund appraches. Restripe the nrth- and suthbund appraches t include left-turn lanes: Remve sme parking n 21 st Avenue t accmmdate the turn lanes; and, Investigate the feasibility f allwing right-turns n red with shared thrugh/right lane clser t curb. Pwell Bulevard Prvide prtected/ permissive left-turn phasing fr all appraches. & 21st Avenue Cnsider restricting right-turn n-red fr the nrthbund apprach using signage. Install supplemental signal heads t increase awareness f appraching intersectin. Rebuild signal with mast arm street name signs t increase visibility; cnsider placing signal ples t accmmdate truck mvements in the new design. Cnsider a queue detectin and warning system t detect queues assciated with 21 st Avenue signal. Pwell Bulevard Install a curb extensin n the Sutheast crner. & 22nd Avenue Mve the stp bar n nrthbund apprach clser t intersectin t increase sight distance. Intersectin Specific Pwell Bulevard & 24th Avenue Pwell Bulevard & 26th Avenue Pwell Bulevard & 31st Avenue Pwell Bulevard & 33rd Avenue Cnsider adding an RRFB and pedestrian scale lighting in advance f the crsswalk. Cnsider remving select tree(s) t increase visibility f crssing, signage, and pedestrians; Cnsider eliminating r relcating eastbund TriMet stp dwnstream f the crsswalk. Review and cnsider mdifying signal timing Review and cnsider lengthening cycle lengths; Cnsider prviding prtected/permissive phasing fr nrthbund and suthbund left-turn phases; and, Cnsider using leading pedestrian intervals. Cnsider a queue jump fr eastbund buses. Cnsider installing a new signal, with the fllwing cnsideratins Mdify the ple lcatins and curb radii t accmmdate turns; and, Expand pedestrian refuge area n crners. Cnsider wrking with Cleveland High Schl and Prtland Public Schls t create a pedestrian plaza in frnt f the high schl. Cnsider clsing residential driveway n the sutheast crner. Cnsider the fllwing tw ptins t accmmdate bikes crssing Pwell Bulevard Widen bth sides by remving the landscape strip and mving the bus stp t accmmdate wider bike lanes n bth sides and, Remve the bike lanes and replace with a bike crssing further east n Pwell Bulevard. Cnsider imprving pedestrian crssing t include: Pedestrian refuge island; RRFB; N lane change striping and advanced warning signs and, Pedestrian-scale lighting, placed in advance f the crssing. Cnsider imprving signage and pavement markings at Mtel 6 exit-nly driveway. Cnsider remving the fence n nrthwest crner f Mtel 6 prperty t imprve sight distance. Cnsider remving vegetatin in nrtheast crner f the intersectin t imprve sight distance. Cnsider making the suthbund apprach right-nly (due t new pedestrian refuge median as well as restricted sight distance). Cnsider tree trimming t increase visibility f signs and sight distance t the intersectin. Cnsider relcating the ZipCars parking suth, cmpleting the sidewalk n the east side f 33 rd Avenue, and installing a bulb-ut at the sutheast crner. Review signal timing and cycle lengths: Cnsider pedestrian and bicyclist wait times; Cnsider prtected/permissive left-turn phasing frm the mainline; Cnsider prviding an indicatin f bicycle detectin t discurage impatience; Cnsider running the signal at 33 rd Avenue with half cycle cmpared t ther signals within the crridr due t pedestrian/bicyclists frustratin; and, Cnsider installing a new signal with mast arms, with a fcus n ple placement. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 48

52 Rad Safety Audit Reprt August 2014 Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Lcatin Intersectin Suggestin Agency Respnse/Cmment Cnsider prviding a Z crssing t allw pedestrians t crss in tw stages facing ncming traffic: Pwell N RRFB is suggested fr the pedestrian crssing at 28 th Avenue due t its prximity t the tw upstream signals. Bulevard & Cnsider remving the westbund left-turn pcket t enhance the median fr pedestrians and signage. 28th Avenue Reevaluate the westbund transit stp at 28 th Avenue with the new pedestrian crssing lcatins. Cnsider partnering with the schl r lcal businesses fr educatin n pedestrian safety campaigns. Pwell Bulevard, Between 28th Avenue and 29th Avenue (Optin 1) Pwell Bulevard, Between 28th Avenue and 29th Avenue (Optin 2) Pwell Bulevard & 28th Place Pwell Bulevard & 29th Avenue Pwell Bulevard & 28th Avenue Pwell Bulevard & 28th Place Pwell Bulevard & 29th Avenue Cnsider installing a traffic signal at 28 th Place. This signal wuld be designed t enhance the existing marked pedestrian crssing and t accmmdate bicycle crssings and cnnect with a larger nrth-suth bicycle crridr. Review McDnald s site plan and crdinate with them with the intent t rient entries twards the new crssing, r use signage t direct peple t the crssing. Review transit stp lcatins and spacing with respect t the pedestrian crssing lcatins t determine if any stps culd be clsed r relcated. Optin #1: Incrprate the driveway int the signal and prvides clearly marked bicycle crssings within the signalized intersectin. The bike rute can be diverted back t 28 th Avenue and/r access t the neighbrhd t the nrth. Optin #2: Eliminate McDnald s access n Pwell Bulevard and rerutes exiting mtrists via Waverleigh Bulevard and 29 th Avenue. The furth and nrthern leg f this intersectin will prvide access t the bike rute. Cnsider cmbining access pints n the nrth side f Pwell Bulevard r develping an access management plan with instructins fr cnslidatin upn redevelpment. Cnsider adding a buffered landscape strip r bike racks n the nrth and suth sides f Pwell Bulevard (as Hpwrks Urban Brewery has dne n the suth side) t discurage pedestrians frm crssing midblck. Cnsider adding a traffic signal that allws thrugh mvements fr bicyclists while restricting vehicle traffic t right-in/right-ut n the side streets. This ptin may cnsider bicycle detectin. Cnsider clsing the pedestrian crssing at 28 th Place and relcating it t 29 th Avenue t prvide better spacing between pedestrian crssings thrughut the crridr. Review McDnald s site plan and crdinate with them with the intent t rient entries twards new crssing, r use signage t direct peple t the crssing. Review transit stp lcatins and spacing with respect t the pedestrian crssing lcatins t determine if any stps culd be clsed r relcated. Cnsider installing an enhanced crssing. Because a center median wuld restrict eastbund left-turn mvements, an verhead RRFB may be needed in place f ne in the center median. The ther elements f an enhanced crssing specified in the crridr-wide suggestins shuld als be cnsidered at this lcatin. A review f transit stp lcatins shuld als accmpany a new pedestrian crssing at 29 th Avenue. Cnsider cmbining access pints n the nrth side f Pwell Bulevard r develping an access management plan with instructins fr cnslidatin upn redevelpment. Cnsider adding a buffered landscape strip r bike racks n the nrth and suth sides f Pwell Bulevard (as Hpwrks Urban Brewery has dne n the suth side) t discurage pedestrians frm crssing midblck. Kittelsn & Assciates, Inc. 49

53 Rad Safety Audit Reprt Pwell Bulevard: MP 1.76 t 2.49 Appendix A Pwell Bulevard Rad Safety Audit Findings Presentatin

54 6/24/2014 ROAD SAFETY AUDIT Pwell Blvd: 20 th Ave t 33 rd Ave (M.P t M.P. 2.49) Preliminary Findings Meeting June 6, 2014 Prtland, Oregn RSA Team Hermanus Steyn KAI, Principal Engineer Jel McCarrll ODOT Regin 4 Traffic Mike Cleman Prt f Prtland Jabra Khash City f Beavertn Nate Yung Hpwrks, Citizen panelist Ashleigh Griffin KAI, Transprtatin Analyst 1

55 6/24/2014 Presentatin Outline Overview f Rad Safety Audit (RSA) Prcess Scpe f RSA and Study Area Review f Traffic Vlumes and Crash Data Crridr Wide Intersectin Specific Preliminary Findings Next Steps FHWA RSA Prcess 2

56 6/24/2014 Study Segment Crridr End: 33 rd Ave (MP 2.5) Crridr Start: 20 th Ave (MP 1.76) Backgrund Infrmatin 5-lane Urban Principal Arterial Tw-way left-turn lane 2012 AADT = 34,200 38,100 veh/day 3% trucks Three signalized intersectins 21 st Ave 26 th Ave 33 rd Ave Striped crsswalks 24 th Ave 28 th Pl 31 st Ave Land use varies Residential Cmmercial Schls/parks Multiple TriMet stps Several multimdal attractrs/generatrs Cleveland High Schl Pwell City Park 3

57 6/24/2014 TriMetBus Stps Weekday Fall 2013 Ons/Offs - XX/YY 94/50 15/7 192/77 77/ /206 88/35 29/16 175/192 Rute /113 22/45 39/63 Statewide Cmparisn Segment Study Segment Vicinity MP 1.61 t MP 2.91 (SE 39 th Ave) Similar Segment MP 2.91 (SE 39 th Ave) t MP 3.45 (Fster Rd) Statewide Urban Nn-Freeway Principal Arterials Surce: ODOT Crash Rate Bk Year Average Crash Rate

58 6/24/2014 Crash Data Trends: Crridr Wide Crash Data January 2008 thrugh September 2013 Trends Reviewed Severity Year Mnth Day f Week Time f Day Crash Cause Cllisin Type Crridr Crash Trends: Severity Number f Reprted Crashes % 1.4% 2 5 Fatality Crash Frequency by Severity Incapacitating Injury 9.7% 34 Nn-Incapacitating Injury 41.6% 146 Pssible Injury / Cmplaint f Pain 46.7% 164 Prperty Damage Only 5

59 6/24/2014 Crridr Crash Trends: Year Number f Reprted Crashes Crash Frequency by Year Nte: 2013 data is nly available thrugh September 30, 2013 Crridr Crash Trends: Mnth Crash Frequency by Mnth Number f Reprted Crashes

60 6/24/2014 Crridr Crash Trends: Day f the Week 70 Crash Frequency by Day f the Week Number f Reprted Crashes Sunday Mnday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Crridr Crash Trends: Time f Day Weekday Traffic Vlume Crash Frequency and Traffic Vlume by Time f Day Crash Frequency 7

61 6/24/2014 Crridr Crash Trends: Crash Cause 250 Crash Frequency by Recrded Crash Cause 200 Number f Reprted Crashes Crridr Crash Trends: Cllisin Type 300 Crash Frequency by Cllisin Type Bike Invlved Number f Reprted Crashes bikes bike bikes 50 Angle Backing Fixed r Other Object Nn-Cllisin Pedestrian Rear-end Sideswipe- Overtaking Turning Mvement Pedestrian Invlved N Pedestrian r Bike Invlved 8

62 6/24/2014 Crash Trends: Milepst Crash Frequency by Milepst Crridr End: 33 rd Ave (MP 2.5) Crridr Start: 20 th Ave (MP 1.76) Crash Trends: Milepst Crash Frequency by Milepst Fatality Number f Reprted Crashes st Ave (MP 1.81) 22 nd Ave (MP 1.85) 23 rd Ave (MP 1.90) 24 th Ave (MP 1.97) th Ave (MP 2.02) 26 th Ave (MP 2.07) 28 th Ave (MP 2.17) 28 th Pl (MP 2.22) 29 th Ave (MP 2.27) 31 st Ave (MP 2.37) Incapacitating Injury Nn-Incapacitating Injury Pssible Injury / Cmplaint f Pain Prperty Damage Only 33 rd Ave (MP 2.47) 9

63 6/24/2014 Crash Trends: Milepst Number f Reprted Crashes Crash Frequency by Milepst 21 st Ave (MP 1.81) nd Ave (MP 1.85) rd Ave (MP 1.90) 3 24 th Ave (MP 1.97) th Ave (MP 2.02) th Ave (MP 2.07) th Ave (MP 2.17) 28 th Pl (MP 2.22) th Ave (MP 2.27) st Ave (MP 2.37) Pedestrian Bike N Ped r Bike 33 rd Ave (MP 2.47) Preliminary Findings System-Wide Issues and suggestins that are similar thrughut the crridr Applicability extents beynd study limits Intersectin Specific Each intersectin has unique characteristics and issues that may warrant additinal suggestins and specific suggestins fr implementing the system-wide suggestins 10

64 6/24/2014 System-Wide Issue: Pedestrian Crssings Lcatin Crdinatin with transit stps Visibility Visibility/reflectivity f bjects Restricted by trees Sight lines frm drivers and pedestrians Restricted by buildings, trees, radway curvature Crssings at traffic signals System-Wide Issue: Pedestrian Crssings #AM/#PM Ped Crssings Number f Reprted Crashes Crash Frequency by Milepst (Pedestrian Invlved r Injured) FATAL INJA 21 st Ave 55/ th Ave 4/ th Ave 110/ th Ave 52/ th Pl 38/ th Ave (N PedCunts) st Ave 4/ INJB INJC NONE 33 rd Ave 25/

65 6/24/2014 System-Wide Issue: Pedestrian Crssings Signs with Limited Reflectivity Signs Blcked by Trees Signs Blcked by Trees System-Wide Issue: Pedestrian Crssings Limited Sight Distance Hrizntal Curve Restricted Sight Distance fr Pedestrian Placement f Transit Stps 12

66 6/24/2014 System-Wide Suggestin: Pedestrian Crssings Enhanced crssings (RRFB) Lighting Signing/Striping Imprvements Tree Trimming Review Bus Stp Lcatins Relative t Crssings System-Wide Suggestin: Pedestrian Crssings Upgrade unsignalizedcrssings t include Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacns (RRFBs) and pedestrian-scale lighting Prvide median t allw 2-staged crssing Use cnsistent design thrughut crridr Cnsider shulder munted RRFB apprx. 350 in advance f crssing (case-by-case) 13

67 6/24/2014 System-Wide Suggestin: Pedestrian Crssings Install bject marker Install RRFB n shulder and median Install Stp Here fr Peds n shulder N lane changes (Apprx. 200 ) Install luminaires in advance f crsswalk Cnsider tree remval & limbingas necessary Install lwmunt bject marker n PSST with Stp Here fr PedAbve Offset in Median t Far Edge System-Wide Suggestin: Pedestrian Crssings 14

68 6/24/2014 System-Wide Issue: Signal Queuing Rear-end crashes assciated with queues Queues extend t/thrugh next signal System-Wide Issue: Signal Cnflicts Permissive left-turn phasing 15

69 6/24/2014 System-Wide Issue: Signal Queuing & Cnflicts Number f Reprted Crashes Crash Frequency by Milepst (Turning Mvmt& Angle) FATAL INJA 21 st Ave (MP 1.81) nd Ave (MP 1.85) 23 rd Ave (MP 1.90) 24 th Ave (MP 1.97) 25 th Ave (MP 2.02) th Ave (MP 2.07) INJB INJC NONE th Ave (MP 2.17) 28 th Pl (MP 2.22) 29 th Ave (MP 2.27) 31 st Ave (MP 2.37) 33 rd Ave (MP 2.47) System-Wide Suggestin: Signal Queuing Signal timing imprvements Cycle length Cnsider reevaluating signal prgressin n Pwell Blvd Tree trimming t increase visibility f signs and appraching signal & queues Cnsider supplemental signal heads at near left side crner 16

70 6/24/2014 System-Wide Suggestin: Signal Queuing Use back side f cantilever fr Next Signal sign fr EB apprach t SW MOVING 26 th Ave. FORWARD THINKING System-Wide Suggestin: Signal Cnflicts Cnsider using pedestrian functin with FYA FYA will nt cme up when a pedestrian call is placed Cnsider prhibiting right turns n red with a crash histry Invlving pedestrians/bicyclists with right turning vehicles Limited sight distance Cnsider prviding prtected/permitted left-turn phasing Cnsider leading pedestrian phase 17

71 6/24/2014 System-Wide Issue: Access Pints and Land Use System-Wide Issue: Access Pints & Land Use Mixed land use Schl, residential, park, restaurants, bwling alley Access pints verlap with pedestrian crssing medians Left-turns frm driveways and side streets are difficult due t limited sight distance and appraching grades 18

72 6/24/2014 System-Wide Suggestin: Access Pints and Land Use Cnsider develping an access management plan (particularly between 29 th and 31 st Avenue) Priritize lcatins with access that verlap pedcrssing medians Cnsider plicy t cnslidate access upn redevelpment Cnsider zning guidance n access and building rientatin System-Wide Issue: Bike Crssings Bicyclists Crss at Signals Pedestrian Crssings Limited Right-f-Way n Pwell 19

73 6/24/2014 System-Wide Suggestin: Bike Crssings Bike bxes Bike detectin Bike lanes Sharrws Intersectin Specific Trends Pwell Blvd & 20 th Ave Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave Pwell Blvd & 22 nd Ave Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Pwell Blvd & 29 th Ave Pwell Blvd & 31 st Ave Pwell Blvd & 33 rd Ave 20

74 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 20 th Ave Lack f Right Turn Only Pavement Marking Limited Sight Distance (Nrthbund) & Eastbund Bikes Lack f One Way Signage Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 20 th Ave Right turn arrw striping One way signage Lng term: Queue detectin and warning system assciated with 21 st Avenue signal 21

75 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave AM PM Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave AM PM AM PM 22

76 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave Issues: Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave Heavy Bicycle Use Single-lane nrth-and suthbund appraches Crash data: Turning mvement Dented Ples Permissive Phasing 23

77 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave Restripe nrth-and suthbund appraches Remve sme Nrth/Suth parking n 21 st Ave Prvide prtected/ permissive left-turn alng all appraches Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 21 st Ave Restrict right-turn n-red (sight distance fr nrthbund right) Install supplemental signal heads Rebuild signal with mast arm street name signs Lng-term: queue detectin and warning system (eastbund) 24

78 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 22 nd Ave Angle parking n east side is used incrrectly Nrthbund stp bar is set back t far Offset intersectins Suggestins: Curb extensin n SE crner Mve stp bar up t imprve sight distance Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave AM PM 25

79 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave AM PM AM PM Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave Rear-end crashes 26

80 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave Intersectin & crssing blcked by queues during AM & PM peak hurs Bus stp lcated befre crssing (eastbund) Transit Ons/Offs are relatively lw Queue blcking crsswalk during PM peak Eastbund transit stp lcated prir t crsswalk Issues: Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave Difficult t see crssing at night Luminaire lcated behind crsswalk 27

81 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 24 th Ave Enhance crssing with RRFB and lighting Remve tree(s) t increase visibility Cnsider eliminating/ relcating eastbund TriMet stp Cnsider mving crsswalk west and adding signing t median Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave AM PM 28

82 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave AM PM AM PM Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Pedestrian/bike crashes Rear-end crashes Turning mvement crashes 29

83 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave High schl drp-ff in bus stp & midblck crssings frm teachers lt Difficult t see next signal signs Signal timing Very shrt cycles bserved during PM peak hurs Red light running at end f cycle lefts Permissive left-turns n nrth/suth appraches; prtected n Pwell Blvd Tree cnflicts with westbund bus stp Tree blcks bus stp Issues: Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Large number f pedestrians d nt fit n crners Right-turns are tight at the NE and SW crners Heavy nrth/suth bike traffic Limited crss-sectin width 3 bike lanes at intersectin Driveway lcated n SE crner Pedestrians waiting in street 30

84 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Mdify signal timing Cycle lengths Prvide prtected/permissive phasing fr nrth and suth left-turn phases Cnsider leading pedestrian interval Cnsider queue jump fr eastbund buses Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Cnsider installing new signal Mdify ple lcatin and curb radii t accmmdate turns Expand pedestrian refuge area n crners Cnsider clsing residential driveway n SE crner 31

85 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Widen bth sides by remving landscape strip and mving bus stp t accmmdate wider bike lanes n bth sides Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 26 th Ave Remve bike lanes and replace with bike crssing further east 32

86 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 31 st Ave AM PM Pwell Blvd & 31 st Ave AM PM AM PM 33

87 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 31 st Ave Rear-end crashes Pedestrian crashes Issues: Pwell Blvd & 31 st Ave Sight distance fr side street turns T the east NE crner (schl prperty) lacks maintenance f vegetatin, creating sight distance issue N tw-stage crssing available fr pedestrians Transit stps lcated in frnt f crsswalks Ons/ffs are relatively lw 34

88 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 31 st Ave Crsswalk difficult t see Trees restrict sight distance westbund Crash histry shws high number f crashes and pedestrian-invlved crashes Blcked signage in westbund directin Suggestin: Pwell & 31 st Ave Imprve pedestrian crssing t include Pedestrian refuge island RRFB Lighting 35

89 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell & 31 st Ave Imprve signage and pavement markings at Mtel 6 exit-nly driveway Remve fence n nrthwest crner f Mtel 6 prperty t imprve sight distance Cnsider making the suthbund apprach right-nly (due t median) Pwell Blvd & 33 rd Ave AM PM 36

90 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 33 rd Ave AM PM AM PM Issues: Pwell Blvd & 33 rd Ave Lw munting f signal heads Difficult t turn left ff f Pwell Lng signal cycle Pedestrians and bicyclists became impatient Bicyclists used pedestrian push buttn, even thugh striping indicated bicycle detectin Bicyclists using pedestrian push buttn 37

91 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 33 rd Ave Sidewalk sectin missing n east side f suth leg at intersectin Shrubs n nrtheast crner blck drivers visin Dented ples Zip cars parked n suth leg f intersectin, at intersectin ZipCar lcated at intersectin Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 33 rd Ave Tree trimming Prtected left-turn phasing n mainline Review signal timing Cnsider pedestrians and wait times Prvide indicatin f bicycle detectin t discurage impatience Cnsider duble-cycling the signal at 33 rd Ave (pedestrians were frustrated and crssed during Dn t Walk time) Cnsider new signal 38

92 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave AM PM Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave AM PM AM PM 39

93 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Rear-end crashes Angle (night) Issues: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Heavily used as pedestrian crssing Students t/frm schl Parent drp-ffs n 28 th Ave, suth f Pwell Pedestrians catching TriMet westbund bus (risky behavir) 3 students crssing (running) Students crssing after parent drpff n 28 th Ave 40

94 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Queues in left-turn pckets blck sight distance because f curve Students crssing while vehicle turns left Issues: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Queues frm signal ften back up past this lcatin Westbund bus stp is lcated in frnt f median (which is used as a crssing) Large residential land use t the suth Westbund left-turns int parking lt by daycare 41

95 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl AM PM Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl AM PM AM PM 42

96 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Rear-end crashes Pedestrian crashes Issues: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Traffic frm bus stps blck crsswalk Queues frm 26 th Ave signal smetimes blck crsswalk 43

97 6/24/2014 Issues: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Limited visibility f signs and lighting Vehicles making westbund left-turns nt side street just past pedestrian median Pwell Blvd & 29 th Ave Issues: Bth sides f Pwell have many driveways Interactin between cmmercial land uses Crash data des nt shw strng trends at driveways If land use changes, reevaluatin may be needed 44

98 6/24/2014 Crridr hw d 28 th Ave, 28 th Pl, & 29 th Ave interact? Existing Signals/Marked Crssings/Transit Stps Three signals Three marked crssings Transit stp being evaluated Lw nsand ffs Suggestin: Optin #1 Signals/Marked Crssings/Transit Stps Add new signal at 28 th Place Marked crssings Tw with RRFBs One between signals staggered marked Transit stp being evaluated Ptential eliminatin Ptential relcate X X X 45

99 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Prvide Z crssing t allw pedestrians t crss in tw stages facing ncming traffic Imprved crssing with upstream signals Ptential t remve westbund left-turn pcket t imprve median Suggestins: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Review McDnald s new site plan and rient dr twards new crssing r use signage t direct peple 46

100 6/24/2014 Suggestins: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Review McDnald s new site plan and rient dr twards new crssing r use signage t direct peple Suggestin: Optin #2 Signals/Marked Crssings/Transit Stps Add new signal at 28 th Ave Marked crssings Tw with RRFBs at existing New RRFB at 29 th Ave (verhead) Transit stp being evaluated Ptential eliminatin Ptential relcate X X X X 47

101 6/24/2014 Suggestin: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Ave Signalize intersectin allwing: Pedestrian & bicycle crssings, and right-turns nly Suggestins: Pwell Blvd & 28 th Pl Other explratins 48

102 6/24/2014 Pwell Blvd & 29 th Ave Suggestins: Cmbine access pints n nrth side Add buffered landscape strip r bike racks n nrth/suth side If signal at 28 th Ave, then ptential RRFB at 29 th Ave Next Steps Cmplete Draft Reprt and submit by June 20 th ODOT Review 2-3 weeks Submit Final Reprt Mid July 49

103 6/24/2014 Questins/Cmments? 50